Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/43

* VASE. 23 VASE. Of the most important varieties, the Pithos was a larpe jar of coarse cluy used for storing grain or liquids, much as a modern hogshead. The Amphora was a smaller vessel, primarily intended for storing oil or wine, but later de- veloped as a decorative vase. The body was somewh.nt large, but the neck and month narrow. The Ih/dra, or water-pitcher, is in form much like the amphora, but distinguished by three cz funeral leoythi, already described. The Aryhallus was a small round jug with very small neck and broad (lat lij). It was a favorite form with the Corinthian potters. Prominent among the cups are the Catitharos, a large cup on a foot with Fig. 3. AMPHUKA, EAULY TYPE. handles,.two on the shoulders for lifting, and one at the neck, for use in pouring. An important vessel was the,Cratei or mixing-bowl, in which the ■wine and water were mixed and from which Flu. 5. CHATER. high liandles rising above the rim, and the Scy- phos, whose form is well shown in Colored Plate, Fig. 8. The favorite of the Attic potters was the Cylix, a rather shallow saucer mounted on a Fig. 6, CYLIX. foot. The decoration was apjdied on the outside, where two fields were marked by the handles and also in a small circular field in the centre of the inside. Consult Hartwig's Griechische Ueister- FlG. 4. AMPHOHA, LATEE TYPE. the guests were served. In early times this is a round-bottomed bowl (Deinos) on a stand, but later was provided with a low foot, and developed into a number of graceful shapes. (See Colored Plate, Fig. 5.) For oil and perfumes was used the Jjccytlius, a tall rather slender vase, with small neck and bell-shaped mouth. It underwent a series of changes in the shape of the body, the slope of the shoulder, and the details of decora- tion before the development of the graceful white Fig. 7. RHYTON. sclialen der BUitezeit (Berlin, 189.3). Other com- mon vases are the Rhyion, or drinking-horn, the (FAnorlioe, or small pitcher, and the Pyxis, or ladies' toilet-box. commonly decorated with scenes from the life of women. There are few fields of Greek study which are not illumined bv the light of these earthen ves-