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* WALKE. 250 WALKER. November, 18G1, lie coiiiniandcd the gunboats Tai/lvf and Lvi-iiitilon at the liattlc of Jii'liiKUit, Missouri; and later connnaMdi'd llie Cnrondiirt at the honihardnicnt of Fort Henry and Fort Donclson. Willi the same vessel he took part in the honibardnient above Island No. 10 on March 17, 1802; on April -Ith ran past the batteries (see Island NuMi!f;ij Ten) ; captured a battery opposite Point Pleasant two days later; in com- mand of the Curondclvt an<l Pittsburg captured three batteries below New iladrid ; and on April 7th covered the crossing of Pope's army. In the following May he jiartieipated in the bailie of Fort Pillow; and in June in the battle of Mem- phis, where he was the chief antagonist of the ram Arl-finsas. In the following month he was commissioned captain. He participated in com- mand of the Lafaijctte in the operations against V'icksburg and Grand Gulf, and accompanied Porter's first expedition up the Red River. In 1864 he was sent with the Sacramento to Europe, relieved the Kearsartje, and blockaded the Rap- pahannock in the port of Calais. He was com- missioned commodore in 18GG and rear-admiral in 1870, and retired in 1871. He published Tiaval Scenes in the Cicil IT'or (1877). WALKER, wiv'ker. A town in Northumber- land, England, on the north shore of the Tyne estuary, i'i miles east of Newcastle. Shipbuild- ing works, blast furnaces, and iron, machine, and chemical works are among it.s chief industrial es- tablishments. Population, in 1901, 13,335. WALKER, Ama.sa (1700-187.5). An Ameri- can economist, born at Woodstock, Conn. From 1820 to 1840 he was engaged in business, retiring in the latter year from commercial life. In 1842-48 he lectured on political economy at Oberlin College; in 1853-60 was examiner on political economy at Harvard; and in IS5U-09 lecturer on political economy at Amherst. In 1843 he was delegate to the first international peace congress at London, and in 1849 delegate to the peace congress at Paris. He was elected to several political offices, among them that of Secretary of State of Massachusetts (1851-53), and Representative in Congress (1862-03). He was a frequent contributor to ]:ieriodical litera- ture, especially on financial subjects, on which his authority was regarded as of the highest. His principal work was Science of Wealth (1SG6), a manual of political economy which attained a high degree of popularity. WALKER, Francis Amasa (1840-97). A distinguished American economist, born in Bos- ton. He was the son of Amasa Walker ( q.v. ). He griiduated at Amherst in I SCO and entered upon the study of law. Soon after the outbreak of the Civil War he enlisted, and he served until near the close of the war. During the greater part of the war he held the rank of lieutenant-colonel, and at the end of the war was brevetted a brigadier-general. From 1865 to 1868 he taught L.atin and Greek at W'illiston Seminary; in 1868 he was on the staff of the Springfield Republican. In 1869 he was placed in charge of the Bureau of Statistics of the Treasury Department; in 1870 he became super- intendent of the Ninth Census, and in 1872 Com- missioner of Indian Affairs. In 1873-81 he oc- cupied the chair of political economy and his- tory at the Shelfield Scientific School of Yale, and in 1877-70 he was lecturer at .Tohns Hopkins University. In 1878 he re|)resentcd the I'nited States at the Monetary Conference in Paris. He was appointed superintcnclcnt of the Tenth United States Census in ISSO, and in 1881 be- came president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. From 1882 to 1897 he was pres- ident of the American Statistical Association, and in 1885-02 was president of the American Economic Association. He was a member of many other learned .societies, both of America and Europe. He was a prolific writer, especially on economic topics, and was one of the foremost advocates of international bimetallism. In economic theory he is regarded as an original and powerful thinker, and his treatment of wages and profits has had a profound inlbicnce upon economic theory. The d(!velopment of interest in economics in America is in a large measure the result of Walker's work. His principal writ- ings are The Indian Question (1874); The Wages Question (1876); Money (1878); Money in Its Relation to Trade and Industry (1870) ; Political Economy (1883); Land and Its Rent (1883); nistory of the Second Army Corps (1880); Life of General. Hancoch (1894); The Making of the Vation (1895) ; and International Bimetallism (1896). For biographical notices and an extended bibliography of Walker's works, consult Publications of the American Statistical Association, vol. v. (Boston, 1896-97). WALKER, Frederick (1840-75). An Eng- lish figure and landscape painter and illustrator, born in ilarylcbone, London. His earliest studies consisted in drawing the Elgin marbles in the British iluseuni, the influence of which may be seen in all of his works. In 1858 he apprenticed himself to Whimper, a line engraver, with whom he remained two years, devoting his spare time to painting. He soon became well known as an illustrator, and especially for his illustrations of the articles of Thackeray, whose friendship he formed <at this time. He finally relinquished engraving in 1865. Before this he had become distinguished as a water-eolorist, having taken the gold medal at the Paris Exposition in 1863 with his "Philip in Church." The most suc- cessful of his oil paintings is "The Wayfarers" ( 1806) ; the National Gallerv has his "Vagrants" (1868) and "Harbor of Refuge" (1872). Walker exercised a great influence upon English art of the present day. Although he is an ex- cellent painter in oils, it is in his water-colors that the full charm of his painting appears — the delicacy of drawing, bloom of color, and grace of form and movement. Though his figures are drawn after nature, the influence of the Parthe- non reliefs and statues is evident throughout. Walker was the friend of Tha.ckeray and other influential men of the day. and is supposed to be the prototvpe of Little Billee in Du Maurier's Trilby. WALKER, George (1618-90). An Irish clergyman, distinguished for the part he took in the heroic defense of Londonderry against the. army of James II. in 1689. He was born in the County of Tyrone, of English parents, was edu- cated at the University of Glasgow, and, enter- ing the Church, became rector of Donaghmore. When the army of James II. entered LHster and took possession of Kilmore and Coleraine, Walker