Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/148

* VICE-CHANCELLOR. 114 VICEROY. cellors were appointed, because of the increase of business on the abolition of the equitable jurisdiction of the Court of Exchequer. The vice-chancellor presides over a branch of the Court of Equity, and is authorized to perform the duties of the Lord Chancellor in the latter's ab- sence or illness. The term is employed in a few of the United States, as Xew Jersey, to desig- nate an associate of a chancellor of a court of equity. The vice-i"hancellor of a university is an offi- cer with authority to discharge certain duties of a chancellor, generally those connected with granting degrees in the absence of the latter. VICENNIAL PRESCRIPTION. In Scottish law, a limitation of 20 years within which certain actions relating to real property may be eom- meni'i'd. VICENTE, vp-sen'tfl, Gil (c.UTO-c.loSn) . The founder of the Portuguese drama, born prob- ably in Lisbon. He studied jurispridencc at the L'niversity of Lisbon. Imt soon gave him- self up to literature. His first production was a pastoral monologue in Spanish, which he recited in 1502 to celebrate the birth of the prince who became John III. Similar dramatic pieces fol- lowed, a number of them being the religious mysteries called aiitos, and many of them comedies of various types. One of his best pieces, the farce called /nc? Percira, was com- posed impromptu. He wrote both in Spanish and in Portuguese, and sometimes used both lan- guages in a single play. Vicente was an actor as well as a poet ; and his children often appeared with him in his productions. After his death a collected edition of his works was published by his son (Lisbon, 1.501). and twenty-five years later a new edition appeared after expurgation by the Inqtiisition. Eight of his Spanish pieces are included in Bohl von Faber's Teatro Espanol anterior a Lope dc Vega (Hamburg, 1832). His collected works were published by Bareto Feio and ilonteiro in 183-4 (Hamburg). Consult: De Ouguella, Gil Vicente (Lisbon, 1890); Braga, Historia flo theiitro iiorluguez no seculo XVI. (Oporto, 1870). VICENZA, ve-chen'tsa. The capital of the Province of Vicenza, Italy, situated at the con- fluence of the Retrone and the navigable Bacchi- glione. 41 miles by rail west-nortliwest of Venice (Map: Italy, F 2). The encircling plain, studded with villas and rich in vineyards, is very beautiful. Seven bridges span the rivers. The idty lies in a compact sha])e. and is sur- rounded by a moat and by wails half in ruins. Many of the magnificent palaces for which the city is justly famed are by Palladio. The Piazza de' Signori, the remarkably fine square in the centre of the town, contains the Palazzo della Ragione. or town hall, surrounded by the splendid Basilica Palladiana — a beautiful col- onnade having two stories and with a slender campanile 205 feet high. In the handsome Pa- lazzo Chierecati is the valuable municipal mu- seum with some good paintings, and arclia'ologi- cal and natural history collections. Near by. in the northeastern part of the city, is the fine wooden Teatro Olinipico by Palladio. finislied in 1.584. The curious scenery in its interior repre- sents a kind of piazza with diverging streets. On Monte Berico, looming picturesquely on the south of the city, stands the pilgrimage church of Madonna del Monte, containing a num- ber of paintings by Bartolommeo ilontagna. East of it is situated the well-known but now ruined villa Rotonda Palladiana, a square struc- ture with a Greek colonnade, and a round domed room in the centre. Vicenza has an academy of science, literature, and art. There is a public library of over 50,000 volumes. The Corpus Christi festival is of great interest. The principal industry is the produc- tion of silk and silk goods. Straw hats, woolen goods, leather, machinery, and musical instru- ments are also manufactured. The trade is ac- tive in wine, grain, and vegetables. Population (commune), in 1881, 39.431; in 1901, 44,777. Vicenza, the Roman Vicetia. rose into promi- nence in the early part of the Middle Ages as the capital of a Lombard duchy. It was one of the cities which, banded together in the Lombard League, opposed Frederick Barbarossa in the twelfth century. It was stormed and pillaged in 123G by the Emperor Frederick 11. Having freed itself from Padua in 1311, it was success- ively in the hands of the Scala and Visconti families. It became subject to Venice in 1404. VICE-PRESIDENT. The second officer of the Govcrnuirnt of the United States in rank and chosen for the same term and in the same manner as the President, except that in case no candidate for the Vice-Presidency receives a majority of the electoral votes, the election is thrown into the Senate, which then chooses by a majority vote one of the two leading candi- dates. Previous to the election of 1804 the electors were not required to specify which can- didate was voted for as President and which as Vice-President. Although descrilied as an execu- tive officer, he performs no executive functions whatever, his only duty being to preside over the deliberations of the Senate except when it is sitting as a court of impeachment for the trial of the President, when the Chief Justice jiresides. He has a casting vote in the Senate in case of a tie, and he presides at the joint meeting of the two Houses when the electoral votes are counted. The chief importance of the office consists in the fact that the Vice-Presi- dent is made by the Constitution the successor of the President in case of the latter's removal from office or of his death, resignation, or in- ability to discharge the powers and duties of the office. Of all these contingencies only one has so far occurred, namely, the death of the President. The deaths of Presidents Harrison in 1841, Taylor in 1850. Lincoln in ISfio. Gar- field in 188i, and JIcKinley in 1901 caused the succession to devolve upon the Vice-President. The qualifications required of the Vice-Presi- dent arc the same as those of the President. His salary is .$8000 per year. VICEROY. An American butterfly (Tiasilar- rhiii (lisippns) which so closely resembles or 'mimics' in color and markings the monarch (.liio.siff plcxijipiif:) that it is not infrequently mistaken for the latter. The monarch is protected by a nauseous taste and smell from the attack of binls: the viceroy has no such protection. ( See JIimicry.) The viceroy ranges over nearly all of the United States. Its larvne feed on the willow, jioplar. Cottonwood, aspen, and balm of Gilead. The eggs are laid on the