Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/135

* VERTIGO. 101 bances in the brain, or to toxic influences, such as also accompany the use of alcohol, tobacco, bella- donna, hyoseyamus, the iuhalation of carbonic acid gas, etc. VERTOT, var'tA', RENfi Aubert de (1655- 1735). A French historian, born in Normandy, and educated at Kouen by the .Jesuits, in Hi75 lie joined the Premonstratensian Order, but later became a secular prie.st. He wrote llistoire drs revolutions de Portugal (1689), Histuire des rvvolidions de Suede (lUtlO), and Uisloire des chcvdliers de Saint Jean de Jerusalem (172U). VER'TUE, George ( 1G84-17.5C). An English enfjraxer and antiquarj', born in London. He was a pupil of Michael van der Gucht, and was employed by Sir Godfrey Kneller to engrave some of his portraits. His plates of portraits, nundiering over five hundred, are faithful tran- scripts of the originals. Vertue had always cherished antiquarian tastes, and during the latter part of his life, under the patronage of the Earl of Oxford and others, he traveled about England engraving objects of antiquarian inter- est. He became a member of the Society of Antiquaries in 1717, and until his death was its official engraver. Nearly all the plates of the Vetusta Monumenta till 175C are by him, as are the headings of the Oxford Almanacs, 1723-51. He also collected materials for a proposed His- tory of the Arts in England, which were pur- chased, after his death, by Horace Walpole, who coniidled from them his Anecdotes of English Painting. VERTUM'NXJS. In Roman mythology, the husliand of the goddess Pomona (q.v. ). VERVET. One of the two South African representatives of that section of the cereopithe- cine monkeys called 'guenous.' It is small, and its general color is a greenish grizzle; but the narrow face, the hands, feet, and end of the tail are black, while the cheeks, throat, and under j)arts are white, and the root of the tail is red — this last feature, with the black tail-end, form- ing a distinctive specific mark. It inhabits the forests of Cape Colony and Natal, especially near the coast, and feeds mainly on the gum of the camel-thorn mimosa and similar trees. Its sci- entific name is Gercopitheens lalaudi, and its nearest relative is the grivet (q.v.). VERVIERS, vftr''ya'. The capital of an arrondissement in the Province of Li&ge, Bel- gium, on the Vesdre, 16 miles by rail east-south- east of Liege (Map: Belgium, D 4). It is an at- tractive modern industrial town separated into a lower and an upper quarter connected by hand- some boulevards. The Church of Saint Remade possesses fine stained-glass windows. There are several handsome modern Gothic churches. The manufacture of mechanical tools and of cloth, the preparation of wool, and the dyeing nf yarn are largt industries. Population, in 1000, 52,203. VERVINS, var'vaN, Treaty of. A treaty of peace concluded between Henry IV. of France and Philip IL of Spain, May" 2. 1598. The Spanish restored all their conquests with the ex- ception of the citadel of Cambria, and, in general, the treaty marked a return to the conditions of the Treaty of Cateau-Canibr^sis (q.v.), in 1550. The Peace of Vervins is noted as definitelv clos- VESALIUS. ing the period of civil war in France, and was preceded by a few days only by the celebrated Edict of Nantes. See France; Henby IV.; Nantes, Euict of. VER'Y, Jones (1813-80). An American poet, born in Salem, Mass. He graduated from Harvard College in 1836, and taught Greek there during the next two years. Hislirst published work was Essays and Poems (1839), edited by Ralph Waldo Emerson, with whose Transcenden- tal views Very was in sympathy. He was or- dained in 1843 as a preacher by the Unitarian Association at Cambridge, but never held a pastoral charge. The greater part of his life he lived at Salem in rctirenu'ut, whence he con- tributed occasi(mally to the Salem (lazette and to the Christian Register and other Unitarian journals. He was a friend of Emerson, Chan- ning, and Clarke, the last of whom contributed a preface to the complete (posthumous) editicm of his Poems and Essays (1886). Though few in number, his poems, chiefly in Shakespearean sonnet form, are full of deep religious feeling, are subtly introspective, and give evidence of a stronger, saner imagination than might be ex- pected in a poet of extraordinary mystici.sm. VERY HARD CASH. A story by Charles Reade which originally appeared serially in All the Year Round, as a sequel to Love Me Little, Love Me Long, and was published in book form in 1863 under the al)breviated title Hard Cash. It is a stirring tale of adventure on land and sea. VERY WOMAN, A. A comedy, possibly a final version of the lost plays The Woman's Plot (1621) and The Spanish Viceroy (1624), writ- ten by Fletcher and revised by Massinger in 1634. It was printed as the latter's in 1655. VESA'LIUS, Andreas (1514-64). A dis- tinguished anatomist, born at Brussels. He studied classics at Louvain, and medicine at Cologne, Montpellier, and Paris. He lectured on anatomy in Pavia, Padua. Bologna, and Pisa, Finally he was made physieian-in-chief to Charles V. at Madrid, wdiere he continued mainly to reside. In 1564 he was charged with dissect- ing a body willed to him, before life was extinct ; and he nai-rowly escaped death at the hand of the Inquisition. Through the interposition of Philip 11. he escaped with an injunction to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. While there he was invited to occupy the chair of anatomy just vacated in Padua by Fallopius. He embarked for Europe; but the ship in which he sailed was wrecked on the shore of Zante, where he died. His first publication was a series of anatomi- cal tables entitled Suorum Lihrorum de Corporis Humani Anatoine Epitome (Basel, 1542, fol.). The plates were nearly all reincorporated in his work De Corporis Humani Fabrica Libri Septem (Basel, 1543). He published in 1546 his attack on the errors of Galen's anatomy, the well- known De Radieis China; usu Epistola. The cause of Galen was then espoused by Fallopius, to whom Vesalius replied in his' Anatomicarum GabrieUs Fallopii Observationum Examen (1561). The great edition of Vesalius's works appeared with fine plates at Leyden in 1725. under the superintendence of Boerhaave and Al- binus. Consult the lives bv Burggraeve (1841), Jlersman (1845). Meynants (1846), and Roth (1892). See Anatomy.