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* TAYLOR. 72 and adherent to, its doctrines. As rector of the living of Hadleigh, Suffolk, to which he had been presented by Cranmer in 1544, he opposed the performance of mass by a priest in 1554, was im- prisoned by order of Queen Mary, condemned to death, and on February 9, 1555, was burnt on Aldham Common, near Hadleigh. TAYLOR, Samuel Coleridge. See Colekidge- Taylor, Samuel. TAYLOR, Thomas (1758-1835). An English classic scholar known as 'the Platonist.' He was born of humble parents in London. He studied at Saint Paul's School, taught school, and at length obtained a clerkship in a London bank. His spare time he gave to the study of chemistry, matliematics, and especially C4reek philosophy; and soon after 1780 he began his lectures on Plato, Plotinus, and the Neo-Platonists. Twelve of them were delivered at the house of Flaxman, the sculptor. On receiving an annuity of £100 from a friend, he resigned his place in the bank and began translating and expounding the an- cient classical authors, a work for which he was ill equipped. Among his translations are: Plato (1804); Aristotle (1806-12); the Orphic Hymns (1787); Apuleius ; Celsiis; lamhlicus; Julian; Maximus Tyriiis; Pausanias; Plotinus; Porphyry : and Proclus. Among his miscellanies are: Yindication of the Rights of Brutes (1792) ; The Eleusinian and Bacchic Mysteries (1790); and Theoretic Arithmetic (1816). Taylor enjoyed the friendship of Peacock, Romney, and Langton. He died at Walworth. London. He figures as a character in Isaac D'Israeli's novel Vaurien. Consult W. E. A. Axon, Thomas Taylor, the Pla- tonist (London, 1890). TAYLOR, Thomas Glanville (1804-48). An English astronomer, born at Asbburton, Devon- shire. In 1830 he became director of the East India Company's observatory at Madras, where he collected valuable meteorological and magnetic data, and determined the longitude of Madras. His observations are the first satisfactorily ac- curate ones made witliin the tropics. He pub- lished the valuable Madras General Catalogue (1844), containing the places of 11,015 stars. TAYLOR, Sir Thomas Wardl.w (1833—). A Canadian lawyer and-judge, born in Auchter- niuchty, Scotland. He ' studied at Edinburgh LTniversitv. and was admitted to the Upper Canadian' bar in 1858. From 1872 to 1883 he was Master of Chancery, and from 1883 to 1887 puisne judge of the Manitoba Court of Queen's Bench. In 1887-99 be was Chief Justice of Manitoba, and in 1890 and 1893 was administrator of the pro- vincial government. He made extensive study of equity jurisprudence, on which subject he pub- lished a volume of Commentaries (1875). His further works include Chancery Statutes, and Orders and The Public Statutes Relating to the Presbyterian ChurcJi. TAYLOR, Tom (1817-80). An English play- wright and journalist, and editor of Punch, born at Bishop-Wearmouth, near Sunderland. After attending the University of Glasgow he entered Trinity College, Cambridge, where be was elected fellow of his college (1842), He tutored at Cambridge for two years and was then appointed professor of English literature in London Uni- versity. He also studied law at the Inner Temple, where he was called to the bar in 1846. TAYLOR. On the creation of tlie Board of Health in 18.50, he became its assistant secretary and afterwards its secretary. He began early to write for vari- ous London periodicals, but chiefly for Punch, of which he became editor in 1874. Much in- terested in art, he wrote biographies of Benjamin Robert Haydon (1853), and of Sir .Joshua Rey- nolds (1805), and edited Charles Robert Leslie's Autobiographical Recollections (1860) and Pert Sketches by a Vanished Band ( 1879), a collection of essays by Mortimer Collins. He also wrote or adapted more tlian a hundred dramatic pieces. In them he showed himself a great master of stage craft. Among the most popular were: Still Waters Run Deep (1855); The Overland Route (1860); 'Tu'ixt Axe and Crown (1870); The Tickct-of-Lcave ■ Man (1870); and Lady Clancarty (1874). In Masks and Faces (per- formed in 1852) he collaborated with Charles Reade. TAYLOR, William (1765-1836). An English pliilologian, known sometimes as William Taylor of Norwich. He was born in Norwich, England. He became an enthusiast for the literature of Germany, and devoted most of his life to making it known to his countrymen. His finest produc- tion was a translation of Biirger's LfHoro. in bal- lad metre ( completed 1870 ; published 1796) .which led to Scott's version. He also translated Les- sing's Xathan the Wise (1791), Goethe's Iphigenia (1793), and some of Wieland's Dia- logues of the Gods (1795). By this time he was writing on German literature extensively for the reviews. These articles were collected under the title Historic Survey of German Poetry (1828- 30). Though interesting for his many eccen- tricities, Taylor has a place in literary history as the first interpreter of German literature for England, He died at Norwich. Consult: the Memoir by Robberds (London, 1843) ; and Herz- feld's valuable monograph, William Taylor von Xorwich (Halle, 1897). TAYLOR, William (1821-1902). A mission- ary bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He was born in Rockbridge, Va., and entered the Baltimore Conference in 1843. He was mission- ary to California (1849), and organized the first ilethodist church in San Francisco, He was an evangelist 1856-61, and left America, visiting England, Ireland, and Palestine in 1862. He was evangelist in Australia (1863-66) : South Africa (1806); West Indies (1867): Australia (1869- 70); Ceylon (1870-76), establishing the South India Conference on a self-supporting basis; and South America (1877-83), with brief intervals in the United States. He W'as elected Missionary Bishop of Africa in 1884. and retired in 1896. He Wrote the following works: Seven Years' Street Preaching in San Francisco (1857); The Model Preacher (1859) ; Christian Adventures in South Africa (1867); Reconciliation, or How to Be Saved (1867); Election of Grace (1875): In- fancy and Manhood of Christian Life (1875); Four Years' Campaign in India (1875); Our South American Cousins (1878); Self-Support- ing Missions in India (1882) ; The Story of My Life (1895) ; Flaming Torch in Darkest Africa (1898). TAYLOR. William IMackergo (1829-95). A Congregational minister. He was born at Kil- niurnod<. Ayrshire; graduated at the University of Glasgow" (1849) : and at the divinity liall of