Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/94

* TAYLOR. Poems for Infant Minds (1804-05), which ran through more than fifty editions in England and America, were also translated into German, Dutch, and Russian. Equally popular was Rhymes for the 'Sursery (180G), containing from Jane the familiar "Twinkle, twinkle, little star." The sisters also produced Hymns for Infant Minds (ISIO), which has passed through about one hundred editions. Ann wrote the hjTiin be- ginning "I thank the Goodness and the Grace." Consult : the Taylors of Ongar, by Isaac Taylor (London. 18G7) ; the Autobiography of Mrs. Gil- bert, ed. by Josiah Gilbert (ib., 1874) ; and the Poetical Works of Ann and Jane Taylor (ib., 1877). TAYLOR, Isaac (1829-1901). An English ecclesiastic, born at Stanford Rivers. In 1885 he became canon of York Jlinster. He was the author of The Liturgy and the Dissenters (1860), and one or two otlier theological pamphlets; but was best known by his works on philology. His Words and Places, or Etymological Illustrations of History, Ethnology, and Geography (1864; 2d ed. 1805) was a work of great research as well as erudition. In Etruscan Researches (1874) Taylor tried, but unsuccessfully, to prove that the Etrurians were allied to the Mongolian races. In 1876 Taylor published The Etruscan LoH(?Ha(/c; in 1883 his best known work. Tfte Al- phabet '(2d ed. 1899) ; and later The Origin of the Ari/ans (1890) and Names and Their Histo- ries (1896). He died at Settrington. TAYLOR, Isaac Ebenezer (1812-89). An American gyna'cologist. Educated at Rutgers College and at the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania, Dr. Taylor received his degree from the latter institution in 1834. He was professor of olistetrics and of the dis- eases of women and children in Bellevue Hos- pital IMedical College, 1861-67; president of the same, 1861-89: professor emeritus, 1867-89. He is credited with the introduction, in connection with Dr. I. A. Washington, of the hypodermic use of medicines. TAYLOR, .Jeremt (1613-67). An English prelate and author. He was born at Cambridge, the son of a barber, and educated at Caius Col- lege, He was ordained before he had reached his twenty-first year, and attracted the atten- tion of Laud, who procured him a fellowship at All Souls'. Oxford. About the same time he was made chaplain to the King, and in 1638 rector of Uppingham. His first notable publication was Episcopacy Asserted (1642). His stand on the Church-and-King side cost him his living. For a while he accompanied the royal army, and then retired into Wales, where he opened a school at Newton in Carmarthenshire. During the thirteen years of his enforced seclusion, he pro- duced his most memorable works — the Liberty of Prophesying, on behalf of the expelled Anglican clergy, in 1647; the Life of Christ and the Holy Living in 1649; the Holy Dying in 1652; and a number of other devotional and controversial books. In 1660, with a dedication to Charles II., appeared his Duetor Dubitantium, or the Rule of Conscience in All Her General Meastires, the most learned, subtle, and curious of all his works. Promotion was a matter of course to one who was at once a standi royalist, a profound theologian, and a consummate writer; and before the year was out he was made Bishop of Down and Con- 70 TAYLOR. nor. He was not happy in his Irish see, from which he prayed to be delivered as from 'a place of torment.' The Scotch Presbyterian ministers who had occupied the livings under the Common- wealth disputed his belief in the invalidity of their ordination, and were only ejected with difiiculty. He remained at his post, however, un- til his death. Taylor, sometimes styled the Eng- lish Chrysostom on account of his golden elo- quence, has few equals for richness of fancy. His inexhaustible imagery, full of tender beauty, touched with the characteristic melancholy of tlie age, reminds us of Shakespeare and Spenser and Fletclier rather than of a sober theologian. With Sir Thomas Browne, he is the best repre- sentative of the ornate and florid prose of the seventeenth century. His style is perhaps seen at its best in his sermons, though his Holy Liv- ing and Holy Dying, for their deep and practical piety, have been popular devotional manuals for each generation since his time. The best com- plete edition of his works is that by Eden in ten vols. (London, 1847-52), with a memoir by Bi.shop Heber, revised by the editor. Consult also the essay by Dowden, in Puritan and Angli- can (London", 1900). TAYLOR, .John (1580-1653). An English writer, styled by himself the 'King's water poet.' He was born at Gloucester. After studying there at the grammar-school, he was apprenticed to a London waterman. Pressed into the naw, he served under Essex at Cadiz (1596), and, accord- ing to his own statements, he made many voy- ages in the Queen's ships. Retiring from the navy with a lame leg, he became a famous water- man on tlie Tliames. He frequently superin- tended the river pageants. As trade waned, ow- ing largely' to the fashion for coaches, he began writing doggerel, which attracted great attention and secured him the patronage of men of letters. He also made many tours, which furnished him with material for amusing sketches. On the outbreak of the Civil War (1642) he went to Oxford, where he opened a public house. Re- turning to London (1645), he took the Crown Tavern in Long Acre. There he died. Though Taylor cannot be taken seriously as a poet, his work is interesting as a picture of contemporary manners. Of his separate publications, number- ing about 150. may be mentioned the Penniless Pilgrimage (1618), an account of a trip to Scot- land; Laugh and Be Fat (1613), a burlesque of Thomas Coryate's Odcombian Banquet ; Praise of Tlempseed (1620). an account of a voyage from London to Queensborough, in Kent, in a bro^vn- paper bo.it; and Trarcls in Germanie (1617). In 1030 Taylor brought out an edition of his writ- ings under the title. All the Works of John Tay- lor, the Water Poet, being GS in number. This folio was reprinted by the Spenser Society (three parts. London, 1868-69). Other pamphlets not contained in the edition of 1630 were also re- printed by the same society (five parts, 1870-78). For a selection consult his Early Prose and Poet- ical Works (London, 1888), TAYLOR, John (1750-1824). An American legislator and writer, born in Orange County, Va. He graduated at William and Mary College in 1770, and was a member of the United States Senate from 1792 until 1794. for two months in 1803. and from 1822 until his death. In 1798 he moved in the House of Delegates the famous