Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/92

* TAYLOB. 68 TAYLOR. besides Ximena, the chief volumes are: Rhymes of Travel, Ballach, and Other Poems (1849) ; The Ainrricun Legend (1850), delivered before the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Harvard; A Book of h'onuinces. Lyrics, and Songs (1852) ; Poems and Ballads ( 18.54) ; Poems of the Orient (1855); Poems of Home and Travel (1855) ; The Poet's Journal (1863); The Picture of Saint John ( 18GG) ; The Ballad of Abraham Lincoln (1870) ; The Masque of the Gods (1872); Lars, A Pas- toral of Norway (1873) ; The Prophet, A Trag- edy (1874): Home Pastorals, Ballads, and Lyrics (1875); and The National Ode (1876), all showing variety in subject and manner. He had a distinct lyrical faculty, as his beautiful "Bedouin's Song" proves, but he never seemed able to bring his varied powers under full ar- tistic control. The public persisted in regarding him as a traveler and journalist rather than as a poet, and, despite the remonstrances of some friendly critics, it is probable that the public was right. At most he is a minor poet, a good translator, and a versatile writer of prose. Be- sides the biography by his wife, there is a Life by Albert H. Smythe. in the "American Men of Letters" series (1896), and a sketch of his per- sonality is to be found in W. D. Howells's Liter- ary Friends and Acquaintance (1900). TAYLOR, Bexjamix Franklin (1819-87). An American author and journalist, born in Low- ville. N. Y. During the Civil War he was with the Western armies as correspondent of the Chi- cago Evening Journal, and his letters attracted so much attention that many of them were trans- lated and published in European papers. After the war he traveled and lectured for several years. He wrote many books, including several volumes of verse and a novel, Theophilus Trent (1887). He is probably best known by his poem "The Isle of Long Ago." TAYLOR, Brook (1685-1731). An English mathematician, born at Edmonton, Middlesex. He was educated at Cambridge. In 1712 he was made a fellow of the Royal Society, and two years later became its secretary. Taylor is chiefly known for a theorem which bears his name, and which appeared in his Methodus In- cremcntorum Directa et Inversa (1715), the first important treatise to deal with the calculus of finite diflferences. Taylor also contributed in a valual)le way to the problem of the centre of oscillation (Philosophical Transactions, xxviii.), to the theory of vilirations of a string, and other questions of matlieniatical physics. His Linear Perspective ( 1715) and Sew Principles of Linear Perspective (1719) were a notable advance in the theory. They also contained an enunciation of the principle of vanishing points, the first in English and the most complete to that time. For biography consult the preface to his posthumous work, Contemplntio Philosophiea (1793). TAYLOR, Charles Fayette (1827-99). A celebrated American orthopaedic surgeon, born in Williston, Vt., and educated at the University of Vermont. The year 1857 he spent in London, studying the Swedish movement cure under Roth. Subsequently he settled in New York City, and was one of the first to introduce the movement cure (q.v.) into this country. Dr. Taylor early became a specialist in orthopsedic surgerv, in which he was very successful. He was especially skillful in devising original appliances to meet deformities. Among his inventions are the Tay- lor splint for treatment of curvature of the spine and the long e-vtension hip splint. He was the founder of the New York Orthopsedic Dispensary and Hospital, of which he was the executive sur- geon for many years. Taylor established in New York City an institute for the treatment of deformities, which was successfully operated for many years, previously to the organization of the hospital. His publications include: Prin- ciples and Practice of Bygcio- Medical Science, with George H. Taylor (1857); The Movement Cure (1858); The Theory and Practice of the Movement Cure, or the Treatment of Lateral Curvature of the Spine, etc. (1861); The Me- chanical Treatment of Angular Curvature, or Potts' Disease of the Spine (1865) ; "Spinal Ir- ritation" or the Causes of Backache Among American Wotnen (1864); Infantile Paralysis and Its attendant Deformities (1867); and On the Mechanical Treatment of Disease of the Hip- Joint (1873). — Dr. Henry Ling Tayt-ob, son of C. F. Taylor, is an orthopaedic surgeon of note, and professor of orthop;iedic surgery in the New York Post-graduate Medical School and Hospital. TAYLOR, Sir Ch.rle.s Purcell (1863—). An English marine engineer. He was largely self-educated, but gradually became distinguished as a consulting engineer, especially in connec- tion with marine practice. During the Civil War in Chile in 1891, he served successfully as an intermediary between the LTnited States and Chile in the Baltimore affair. His principal pub- lications, which have appeared as reports, in- clude the following: The Docks and Harbors of the ^yorld : Coal Mines and Iron Works of the World; Briquettes and Smokeless Fuel; The First Transatlantic Steamer; The Steering of Ships; Smokeless Powder; and The Choice and Vsc of Motor Cars. TAYLOR, Dan (1738-1816). Founder of the New Connection of General Baptists. He worked in the mines of Y'orkshire till 1762. Af- ter having lieen for a year one of Wesley's preachers he seceded, but continued preaching. In 1763 he united with the General Baptists and rose to prominence as a preacher among them. In 1769 he headed a secession from that body. (See Baptists.) His better known works em- brace: A Compendious View of Christian Bap- tism (1772); Fundamentals of Religion (1775); and The Eteiytiiy of Future Punishment (1789, written against the LTniversalist Elhanan Win- chester). Consult his biography by Adam Tay- lor (London, 1820), and by W. Underwood (ib., 1870). TAYLOR, Edward Thomp.son (1793-1871). An American preacher, widely known as 'Father Taylor.' He was born in Richmond, Va. ; was taken in charge by a lady near that city; ran away to sea at the age of seven, and for ten years was a sailor. In the War of 1812 he served on a privateer, the Black Hawk, was captured, and was confined first at Melville Island and then in Dartmoor Prison, where he became the chaplain to his fellow prisoners, having joined the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1811. After his release from prison he was successively a peddler of tin and ironware and a buyer of rags, and a farmer: was regularly licensed to preach in 1814: and in 1819 became an itinerant Metho- dist minister. In 1829 he was chosen minister