Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/892

* UBQUHART. 764 URSULA. Turkey and Its liesources (1833); The Spirit of the East (1838) ; The Mystery of the Danule (1844) ; Letters and Essays on Russian Aggres- sions (1853); and other books bearing on the Eastern question. UBQUHART, or URCHARD, Sir Thomas (1611-60). An English author. He belonged to an ancient family of Cromarty in Scotland. He was educated at King"s College, Aberdeen, and trav- eled in France. Spain, and Italy. He was on the Royalist side in the Revolution ; was knighted by Charles I. in 1641 ; and fought at the battle of Worcester. He was taken prisoner and was im- prisoned in the Tower and then in Windsor Castle, but was soon released on ])arole. Of his last years little is known. He is said to have died abroad in an uncontrollable tit of laughter on the* restoration of Charles II. He is still known for his excellent translation of Rabelais (two books of Garr/antua in two vols., 1653; re- issued with the continuation by P. A. ilotteux in Bohn's Library, London, 1897, and in Tudor Translations scries, London, 1899). Of great in- terest is The Jewel, in which is described a uni- versal language (1652). In his Promptuary of Time (1652) he traced his family back to the red earth from which God created Adam. He also published Eivftrams, Dirine and Moral (1641); The Trissotetras ; or a most Exquisite TaVe for Resolving all manner of Triangles, and other curious books. URQUIZA, oor-ke'tha, JuSTO Jost (1800- 70). A South American soldier and politician, born at Arroyo de la China, Entre Rios, Argen- tina. He was educated by the Jesuits and at- tained great prominence in his native province as an adherent of the Federal Party. In 1844-45 he fouglit with sanguinary distinction in Uruguay, and in 1846 was elected Governor of Entre Rios, attaining soon to dictatorial power, and devoting his energies largely to his own enrichment. In 1851 he took the field against Rosas (q.v.), the dictator of Buenos Ayres. whose ambition was directed against the autonomy of the other Argen- tine States, formed an alliance with Brazil and Uruguay, and entering the latter country in June, forced Oribe, the general of Rosas, to capitulate. Urqiiiza then crossed into Buenos Ayres, and at Monte Caseros, February 3, 1852, defeated Rosas, who was compelled to flee. In 1853 he was elected President of the Argentine Confederation, which included all the States excepting Buenos Ayres, and by his victory at Cepeda, October 23, 1859.' forced that State, too, to lend its adhesion. His term of office ended in the same year. Very soon afterwards Buenos Ayres revolted, and Urquiza. at the head of the forces of the Confederation, was defeated by General Mitrg at Pavon, September 17, 1861. He subsequently became Governor of Entre Rios. He was assassinated by political enemies on his estate at San Jose, near Concepcion. UR'SA MA'JOR (Lat.. greater bear) and UR'SA MI'NOR (Lat.. lesser bear). Two cele- brated constellations in the northern hemisphere of the heavens. Ursa llajor was distinguished as early as the time of Homer by the names Arktos. 'the Bear,' and 'Uamaxa.' 'the Wagon.' Tlie Roman name TJrsa was a translation of the Greek Arktos; the Romans also called the seven bright stars the Septentriones, 'the seven plowing oxen.' The common names throughout Europe for these seven stars are the 'Plow,' 'Charles's Wain,' the 'Wagon,' evidentl.y derived from the classical epithets above mentioned, and the 'Dipper,' from the resemblance to that utensil. The re- markable group of stars in the hinder part of the' Great Bear, being within 40° of the North Pole, never sinks l)eluw the horizon of any place in a higher northern latitude than 40°. It contains a considerable number of stars, many of which are easily visible by the naked eye ; but of these, only one (o) is of the first magnitude, two (jS and 7) of the second, and eight (among which are S, e, f, and ri) of the third. Of the seven stars constituting the 'Dipper,' a and /S are known as the 'Pointers,' because a line drawn through them points directly at the i)ole- star (q.v.). Ursa Minor is less prominent in the heavens. The star a in the extremity of the tail of the Little Bear, at present the pole-star (q.v.), is the brightest in the constellation, though only of the second magnitude. URSID.ffi. The family of the bears (q.v.). URSI'NUS, Ger. pron. oor-se'nus (Latinized translation of his German name B.ar). Zacii.^.- RIAS (1534-83). A Reformed theologian. He was born at Breslau. and studied at 'ittenberg under Melanchthon, at Geneva under Calvin, and at Paris. He became professor at Heidelberg 1561, and teacher at Neustadt-on-the-Hardt in 1578. With Olevianus he drew up the Heidelberg Cate- chism, and wrote in its defense. His collected works appeared at Heidelberg in 3 vols. (1612 et seq.) Consult Sudhoff, Oleviayius iind Ursinus (Elberfeld, 1857). URSO, ur'so', Camilla (1842-1902). A French violinist, born at Nantes, France. She studied with ilassart in Paris, and, about 1852, plajed in New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and other American cities. Slie was most successful, especially in concerts with Alboni and Sontag. She returned to France after having toured Canada, and in 1886 returned to New York. URSUA, oor-siJS'a, or ORSUA, Pedro (c. 1510-61). A Spanish soldier and explorer in South America, born in Ursuo, near Pamplona, Navarre. About 1544 he went to New Granada, where he became Governor in 1545, and in 1547 and again in 1549 marched to the northeast in search of Eldorado, making several settlements, among them Pamplona. In 1559 he was sent by the Viceroy of Peru to search for Eldorado or the Kingdom of the Omaguas, on the southern .Amazon, or more probably to rid the country of the many soldiers of fortune then in Peru. These enlisted eagerly, and one of them. Lope de Aguirre (q.v.), after the expedition had sailed down the IMoyobamba and the Huallnga, formed a conspiracy, the outcome of which was the assassination of Pedro. UR'SULA, Saint. A saint and martyr of the Roman Catholic Church. She is held in especial reverence at Cologne, the reputed place of her martyrdom. October 21st is her day in the Church's calendar, and the date of her martyr- dom is variously given as 237. 283. and 451. The official date, however, is 237. According to the simplest form of the legend, LTrsula was the daughter of a British king, Deonatus. She was;