Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/732

* TJNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY. 638 UNITARIANISM. TJNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, The. A Prosby- tt'rian institution founded in 183(i, indepondent of all eOfU'siastical control, and open to students of every evangelical denomination. It offers a regular course of three years leading to a di- ploma, a three and a four years' course leading to the degree of bachelor of divinity, graduate and special courses, and extension courses for lay students. The regular course requires a minimum of 1200 hours of classroom work, 780 in specified subjects, and 480 hours of electives; the three j'ears' degree course demands college graduation, all the work of the regular course, 180 additional hours of classroom work and the attainment of a higher standing than that required for the di- ploma, attendance upon a 'seminar' for at least one year, a thesis representing original research, and .such sj^ecial and searching examinations as the faculty may prescribe. The four years' de- gree course requires the regular three years' di- ploma course taken at this seminary or elsewhere, with advanced standing, and an additional year in residence including 300 hours of classroom work and the other additional items already specified. The seminary offers a number of merit scholarshii)s with incomes of •'jlOO-^i.JO, prize scholarships of $300, a limited number of gradu- ate scholarships, and two fellowships of $600 appropriated to the use of incumbents prosecut- ing special studies for two years either in the United Statesor Europe. The seminary buildings at 700 Park Avenue contain a chapel, lecture rooms, library, nuiseum, social room, gjmnasium, pro- fessors' offices, and students' rooms. The library in 1903 contained 80.000 volumes and 33.000 pamphlets. Connected with the seminary are 10 resident professors and instructors and 120 students. TJNIONTOWN. The county-seat of Fayetto County, Pa., 44 miles south by east of Pitts- burg; on the Pennsylvania and the Baltimore and Ohio railroads (Jlap: Pennsylvania, B 4). The borough is the commercial centre of a section containing extensive deposits of coal and iron. Its industrial establishments include lumber mills, steel works, a foundry, brick yards, and manufactories of glass. Hour, leather, etc. Union- town was settled about 1767 and was laid out as a to-wn in 1783. It w-as incorporated as a borough in 17'.16. Population, in 1890, 6359; in 1900. 7344. TJNION UNIVERSITY. See Union Col- lege. TJNION VETERAN LEGION. See Veteran Legion. Union. TJNION VETERAN TJNION. See Veteran Union, Union. TJNIO PROLITJM (Lat., union of offspring). In the law of Germany, a form of mutual adop- tion of children frequently effected when a widower having children marries a widow with children. The parties secure to the children of each by their former spouses the same rights as to succession to property, etc., as any children who may be born to them thereafter. UNISON (from ML. tinisonus, having one sound, from Lat. wius, one + sonns, sound). In music, a tone of the same pitch as another. In this sense the term unison is identical with the interval of the prime. The term has, how- ever, been extended so as to include all parts performing the same melody, even if some in- struments play the tones one or two octaves lower than others. UNIT (formerly also unite, unitie, unity, from Lat. tinitas, oneness, from tinns, one). A certain fixed quantity emplo_yed for measuring other quantities and for stating their magnitude. Ordinarily a unit is the smallest complete meas- ure of value, extension, duration, mass, etc., and when employed in measurement involves repeti- tion and subdivision. An arbitrary unit is one which may be employed in the form of a con- crete standard and which is generally available for reproduction. An example of such a imit is the distance between two marks in gold plugs on a bronze bar in the possession of the British Board of Trade, or the British Standard Yard. Similarly the meter of the Archives at Paris (see Metric System) is an arbitrary unit. Funda- mental units are those selected arbitrarily on account of the ease with which standards can be constructed or reproduced and from which other units can be derived. In the C. G. S. sys- tem (q.v. ) the fundamental units are those of length, mass, and time, from which units have been derived for area, volume, velocity, force, work, etc., magnetic units, electromagnetic units, etc. In certain Instances the derived units in the C. G. S. s^-stem may be in such shape that they are not available for genera! use and either a multiple or a fraction must be employed. Such units are known as practical units. Ex- amples of practical units in common use are the ohm. the volt, and the ampere. See C. G. S. Systeji ; JIetric System ; Electrical Units ; JIeciianical Units; Weights and jSIeasures; Money, etc. UNITARIANISM. In general, the religious system of all who affirm the unity of God; specifically, the belief of certain free Christian churches and individuals whose religious faith is expressed in the doctrines of "the fatherhood of God. the brotherhood of man, the leadership of Jesus, salvation by character, and the prog- ress of mankind onward and upward forever." The declaration of the Xational Conference of Unitarian and other Christian churches (Amer- ican) is: "These churches accept the religion of Jesus, holding, in accordance with his teaching, that practical religion is summed up in love to God and love to man." The most generally ac- cepted covenant of the Unitarian churclies reads, "In the love of truth and the spirit of Jesus Christ, we unite for the worship of God and the' service of man." Unitarians do not appeal to the Bible as a final and infallible authority, but they consider tliat in the prophetic teaching against idolatry, formalism, and all unrighteousness, there is set forth what are now recognized as essential Uni- tarian principles. They assert that the teach- ing of Jesus was simply that of one God, the heavenly Father, and they profess to teach what was central and essential in his message. They lay emphasis on the Beatitudes, the Golden Rule, the Two Commandments. They find the way of salvation described in the Gospels, where "purity is set forth as the condition, growth the method, love the motive, character the fruit, and ser- vice the expression of eternal life, of the King-