Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/708

* XJIGTJRS. 614 UKASE. the Uigurs of their independent nationality and much of tlu'ir peculiar culture. It is probabl.y due to Uigur intiuence that the Jlongols and Manchus adopted the Syrian system of writing, and n<it a few other advances in the culture of the numerous tribes of Central Asia and Siberia may, perhaps, be attributed to them. Consult : KlajB-oth, AhhandlungcH iiber die Sprache und Schrift der Viyuren (Paris, 1820) ; Vflmbery, Uigurische Sprachmonumente und das Eudatku liilik (Leipzig, 1870) : Schott, Zur TJigurenfrage (Berlin, 1875) ; Radloff, Avs Sihirien (Leipzig, 1893) ; id., ElJinologische Uebersieht der Tiirken- stiiinme Hihiriens und der Mongolei (ib., 1883) ; id.. Die ulttiirkischen hischriften der Mongolei (Saint Tetersburg, 1899). TJIN'TATHE'RIUM (Neo-Lat., from Eng. Vintah, mountain-range in Utah + Gk. di/piov, therion, diminutive of ei/p, titer, wild beast). An e.Ktinct and blunt-toed (amblypod) ungulate mammal, found fossil in the Eocene fresh-water deposits of the Western United States. The animal was about the size of a rhinoceros, with a large narrow head. The skull of the male is armed with two pairs of bony horn-like pro- tuberances, of which the larger hinder pair is supported by crests of bone that slojie upward toward them from points near the orliits. There are also two sijiall knobs on the end of the nose. The upper incisorteeth are absent and the upper canines of the ma'le are enlarged to form droop- ing recurved tusks. The horns and tusks are less prominently developed in the females. The eyes were small! The brain cavity is small, indicating a ratio between weight of brain and that of body of about 1 to -tOOO", which is exceptionally low for a niannnal. UIST, wist, North and South. Two islands of the Outer Hebrides, situated south of Lewis- with-Harris and 15 to 30 miles west of Skye (Map: Scotland, A 2). They are separated by the smaller island of Benbecula. North Uist is 18 miles long and 3 to 10 miles wide; South Uist is 22 miles long and 7 miles wide. The W'estcrn parts of both are fertile and productive and the inhabitants engage in agriculture and cattle-raisint;, as well as fishing. Population, in 1901, of North Uist. 3862; of South Uist, 5515. TJ J-BECSE, oo'y' be'che. A town of Hungary. See Becse. TJJFALVY. TTo'y'-fal-ve, Charles EucfesE ( 1842-1904 ) . An Au.strian pliilologist, anthropol- ogist, and traveler, born in Vienna of an old Hungarian noble family. Educated in the mili- tary academy at Wiener-Neustadt, he served as lieutenant in the army mitil 1864, when he went to study at the University of Bonn. Going to France in 1867, he was appointed professor in the Oriental Academy in 1873, and by order of the French Government undertook three scientific expeditions into Central Asia, in 1876-82. the re- sults of which were published in Expedition scienlifirjue fraricaise en Russie, en Siberie et dans le Turkestan i IS7S-80) . Among several ethnolog- ical and linguistic essays, there are to be noted: La langtie magyare, son origine, etc. (1871) ; La migration des peuples, etc. (1873); Melanges altaxques (1874), and others. After 1884 he devoted himself to art-historical researches and published in that line Les biseuits de porcelaine (1893). TJJI, oo'je. A well-known suburb of Kioto, Japan, the ancient capital of the Empire. Uji lies on the Uji River where it breaks through the gorge as it issues from Lake Biwa. The pretty village is surrounded by the most ancient and famous tea plantations in Japan. Popula- tion, less than 20.000. TJJI (Jap., maggot). The Japanese name for a parasite of the silkworm, a tachinid fly {Leskia sericaria). It is said by Sasaki that the eggs of the parasite are laid upon the mul- berry leaves and are eaten by the worms, after which the larva hatches out and feeds in the interior of the worms in the same way as do the larva; of tachina-flies. The life-history is thus very abnormal, since with other species the eggs are laid upon tVie body of the caterpillar or other host insect. Tliis parasite sometimes does con- siderable damage in Japan, but fortunately has not been introduced into other silk-raising coun- tries. TJJIJI, oo-je'je. A town of German East Africa, situated on the eastern shore of Lake Tanganyika (Map: Congo Free State. F 3). It is the terminus of the cai'avan route from Zanzi- bar and was formerly an important slave market. Here Stanlev found Livingstone in 1871. Popu- lation, about 8000. XJJI-YAMADA, oo'je-yii'ma-da. A town in the Prefecture of Miye, Central Hondo, Japan, 73 miles by rail south of Nagoya (Map: Japan, E 6). It is filled with inns and hotels for the accommodation of the pilgrims to the near-by Ise shrines. Population, in 1898, 27,990. XJJJAIN, o<J-jln' (Skt. Ujjayini, City of Vic- tory, Gk. 'OC»/w/, Ospjtc), or Oojein. A town of JIalwa, in the State of Gwalior. Central India, on the right bank of the Sipra, 35 miles north of Indore (Map: India, C 4). It has an active trade in opium, cloth, etc. It is encircled by a wall six miles in eircumferenee, conspicuous on account of its round towers; has a spacious bazaar, a grand palace of the Maharaja Sindhia, several mosques and mausolemus. and an ob- servatory dating from the fifteenth century. Ujjain is said to have been the viceregal seat of Asoka (q.v. ) during his father's reign at Patna, but is better known as the capital of the Samvat kingdom founded B.C. 57 by Vikramaditya. ( See ViKRAMA.) It was the capital of Sindhia until the seat of government w-as removed to Gwalior in 1810. Population, in 1891, 34.691; in 1901, 39,892. UKASE (Russ. i(/,-osi(, edict, from ykazati, to order, indicate, from y, in, by, near, con- nected W'ith Gk. ill, en, Lat. in, in + ka::utl, to show, connected with Gk. riK/iap, tekniar, boun- dary, goal, token, sign. Skt. eaks, to see), or Ukas. a term applied in Russia to all the orders or edicts, legislative or administrative_j^ enumating from the Government. The ukases either proceed directly from the Emperor, or are published as decisions of the directing senate. In either case they have the force of laws till they are annulled by subsequent de- cisions. A collection of ukases in 48 volumes was made by order of the Czar Nicholas in 1827, and has been supplemented from time to time. These, after the elimination of such ukases as are imimportant or of temporary authority, con-