Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/600

* TUCKER. 522 TUCKERMAN. Nature Pursued (1768-78). It was begun in 1756, and formed the chief literary occupation of the rest of his life. It extended to seven volumes, only four of which were published in the author's lifetime, under the pseudonym of Ed- ward Search. It is not a systematic treatise, but consists of a series of disquisitions on meta- physics, theology, and morals, all of which exhibit remarkable originality, simplicity of humor, and ingenuity of illustration. Consult liis irori's, edited with a Life by H. Mildmay (London, 1805; several times reprinted). TUCKER, George (1775-1861). An Ameri- can historian and miscellaneous writer, born in Bermuda. He was gradiuited at William and Mary College in 1797, studied law, practiced at Lynchburg, was a member of the Virginia Legis- lature, and of Congress (1819-25), gained dis- tinction as a debater and constitutional lawyer, and was (1825-45) professor of moral philosophy and political economy in the University of Vir- ginia. He was a frequent contributor to political periodicals, and published, among many other works. Letters on the Conspiracy of Slaves in Virginia (1800) ; The Valley of the Shenandoah (1824), a novel; A Voyage to the Moan, a. satirical romance (1827); Principles of Rent, Wages, and Profits (1837) ; Life of Thoinasi Jef- ferson (1837) ; The Theory of Money and Banks Investigated (1839); Progress of the United States in Populaticfn and Wealth in Fifty Years (1843); History of the United States (to 1841, 1856-58); Banks or Ko Banks (1S57); and Essays, Moral and Philosophical (1860). His History of the United States is still a work of some importance. TUCKER, John Randolph (1812-83). An American naval officer, liorn at Alexandria, Va. He entered the L^nited States Navy as a midship- man in 1826, and in 1855 reached the rank of commodore. After Virginia passed her secession ordinance in 1861, Tucker resigned his commis- sion and entered the Confederate service. In command of the Patrick Henry, he took part in the Hampton Roads engagements, receiving com- mand of the wooden fleet after the Monitor-Mer- riniac battle, and assisted in the repulse of the Union squadron at Drury's Blufi". He was promoted captain in May, 1863, commanded at Charleston and then at Drury's Blufl', and after the evacuation of Richmond was attached to Lee's retreating army. In 1806 Tucker became commander of the Peruvian Navy, with the rank of rear-admiral, and he commanded the naval forces of Peru and Chile in their war with Spain. Subsequently he explored parts of the Upper Amazon region. He died at Petersburg, Va. TUCKER, JcsiAH (1712-99). An English economist and divine, the son of a Welsh farmer. He was educated at Saint John's College, where he graduated in 1736. He became rector of Saint Stephen's, Bristol (1749), and dean of Gloucester (1758). In 1755 he received from Oxford the degree of D.D. Tucker was a thorough student, and careful writer on political economy and sub- jects pertaining to religion. He also published several pamphlets in the beginning of the con- test between the English Government and its American colonies in favor of separation. As an economist he has some claims as a forerunner of Adam Smith (q.v.), but Tucker elaborated no system. TUCKER, Nathaniel Beveblet (1784-1851). An American lawyer. He was l)orn at Williams- burg, Va. ; was educated at William and Mary College; studied law and practiced in Virginia until 1815, when he reujovcd to iMissouri. He was a judge in the Circuit Court until 1830; professor of law in William and Mary College 1834-51. He published works on Pleading and Constitutional Law and several practical essays. His best literary cft'ort was his novel. The Parti- san Leader, a Tale of the Future (1836). He also wrote Balcombe (1836). TUCKER, St. George (1752-1828). An American lawyer, born in Bernuida. He came earljf to Virginia and was educated at William and Mary College, after which he was called to the bar. During the Revolutionary War he com- manded a regiment at Yorktown, where he was badly wounded. In 1778 he married the mother of the afterwards celebrated John Randolph of Roanoke. He served in the Legislature, but won his chief distinction as professor of law in Wil- liam and Mary, and as presiding judge of the Virginia Court of Appeals, and of the United States District Court. He is still remembered for a scholarly edition of Blackstone's Com- mentaries (1803) and for a single lyric begin- ning "Days of my youth." He also published a Dissertation on Slavery and other politico-legal works, and composed poems and dramas. TUCKER, Samuel (1747-1833). An Ameri- can naval ofliccr, born at Marblehead, Mass. The son of a ship-master, he ran off to sea when only eleven years old, became commander of a mer- chantman in 1708, and in January, 1776, was commissioned captain in the American navy. In command of the Franklin and later of the Hancock, he captured more than thirty British vessels, and in March, 1777, was transferred to the frigate Boston, which (in February, 1778) carried ,Iohn Adams as commissioner to France. After taking many prizes, he was forced to sur- render at Charleston (May, 1780), but was soon exchanged, and as captain of the Thorn secured many prizes. In July, 1781, he was again cap- tured and released on parole. He removed to the site of the present Bremen, Me., in 1792, and in 1813 captured a British vessel which had been threatening the neighboring coast. Subsequently he served in the Massachusetts Legislature (1814-18). helped frame the Maine Constitution (1819). and sat in the Maine Legislature (1820- 21). Consult Sheppard. Life of Commodore Samuel Tucker (Boston, 1868). TUCK'ERMAN", Bayard (1855—) . An Ameri- can author, lecturer on English literature in Princeton University. He was born in New York. He graduated from Harvard in 1878, completed his studies in Paris, and became favorably known through the following pub- lications: Historif of Enalish. Prose Fic- tion (1882) : Life of General La Fanefte (1889): Dianf of Philip Hone (1889); Peter Stiiyresant (1893) ; William Jay and the Aboli- tion of Slavery (1893); and PhiUp Schuyler, Major-Oeneral in the American Revolution (19031. TUCKERMAN, Edward (1817-86). An American botanist, born in Boston. He studied