Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/598

* TUBEROSE. 520 TUBINGEN SCHOOL. culture in mild climates the plants are not dis- turbed during the winter, but in northern climates the tuberous rootstocks are taken up and stored in a dry, frost-proof place. In the colder regions where the bulbs fail to mature completely they TTTBEB08E (Poliiiutbes tuberosa). are imported usually toward the end of the year, planted in pots, and given bottom heat. When danger of frost has passed they are set in light, moist, and rich soil and kept well supplied with water. TUBES. See Pipes. TUBES OF FORCE. See Electricity. TUBES OF INDUCTION, TUBES OF MAGNETIC FORCE. See Magnetism. TUBE-WEAVER. Any one of the tube- building spiders of the families Drassidje and ChibionidiP. They are. as a rule, dark-colored spiders, which spin no web, but Avander about at night in search of prey and hide during the day- time. They make silken tubes in which they hide in the winter and while molting or laying eggs. See Spider. TUBIGON, too'Be-gon'. A town of Bohol, Philippines, situated about 28 miles from Tagbi- laran (Map: Philippine Islands, H 10). Popu- lation, in 18S7, 11,616: now 15,850. TUBINGEN, tu'bmg-en. A town of Wiirttem- berg, Germany, crowning a hill on the Upper Neckar, 18 miles south-southwest of Stuttgart, on the edge of the Black Forest (Map: Germany, C 4). It owes its celebrity chiefly to the ancient university. ( See Ttjbingen, University of. ) The antique houses and narrow streets of the old part of the town give it a quaint appearance. Saint George's Church (Stiftskirche) contains a beau- tiful choir, and the new Catholic church is a suiierb edifice. The town hall is an interesting timber-built structure, recently restored. The ]ioet Uldand, who was born in Tiibingen. is lummemorated by a fine statue. On a liill above the city stands the interesting Renaissance castle. Hohentiibingen, completed in 1540. It affords a magnificent view. The university library and observatory are here. North of Tubingen is the Cistercian monastery of l?e- benhausen (1185), an exceptionally fine example of Gotliic architecture. It has beautiful clois- ters and an art collection. The Protestant seuii- nary, dating from 1536, became noted under Baur. who founded the Tiibingen school of the- ology. (See Tubingen School.) There is also a Catholic seminary. Both of these institutions possess good libraries. The town has a surgical clinic, a woman's hospital, and a hospital for the insane. The manufacture of surgical and sci- entific instruments, book printing, and the culti- vation of hops and the vine are the leading in- dustries. Population, in 1900, 15,338, nearly all Protestants. Consult: Eifert, Oeschichte der Stadt Tiilin- gen (Tiibingen. 1849) ; Fink, Tuiingen (Zurich, 1891 ). TtfBINGEN, University of. A German uni- versity, founded in 1477 by Count Eberliard im Bart of Wiirttemberg. It was organized with the usual four faculties. Reuchlin, Me- lanchthon. and Heinrich Bebel taught there at various times. Under Dukes Ulrich and Cliris- topher, the imiversity took an active part in the Reformation. What made the university famous in its early days and since is the Protes- tant .seminary established in 1536 for the edu- cation of evangelical ministers, which is direct- ly under the llinister of Public Worship and Education. It thus became the leading theological university in Germany. The institution main- tained a steady growth until the establishment of the Karlsschule b_y Duke Cliarles Eugene, when it sufTcred a temporary decline. King Frederick took away from the imiversity in 1811 most of its rights and privileges. In 1817 the Catholic university founded at Ellwangen in 1812 was united with Tiibingen. and a Catholic theological faculty was added; at the same time the faculty of political science was created, and in 1803 was added the natural science faculty. In the nine- teenth century the institution experienced a vig- orous growth, due chiefly to the great theologians, such as Bnur, the head of the Tiibingen school of criticism, Strauss, and many others. Since 1832 the whole university has practically been rebuilt. In 1902 the university consisted of the following faculties: (1) Evangelical-theolosi- cal: (2^) Catholic-theological; "(3) law: (4) medicine: (5) natural science; (6) philosophy; (7) political science. It includes numerous seminaries, laboratories, and clinics. The library now contains over 390,000 volumes and nearly 3800 manuscripts. The attendance in 1902 was 1524. Consult Kliiptel. Die TJniversitat Tiihin- rjrn ;» Hirer Vergangenheit iind Gegenwart (Leip- zig, 1877). TUBINGEN SCHOOL. A term applied to a modern theological movement which had its origin in the teachings of Ferdinand Christian