Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/574

* TRUMBULL. 4<)« TRUMPET FLOWER. Lieutenant-Governor of Connecticut in 1796-98; and was Governor from 1798 to 1809. TRUMBULL, Joseph (1782-18G1). An American lawyer, grandson of Jonatlian Trum- bull (1710-85). He was born at Lebanon, Conn. After graduating at Yale in 1801, he studied law and from 1804 to 1828 practiced at Hart- ford. In the latter year he became president of the Hartford bank. He was a member of the Legislature from 1832 to 1848, and in 1851. In 1834-35, on appointment, he served in Congress as a Whig, and again in 1839-43 was a member of that body. In 1849-50 he was Governor of Connecticut. He was actively interested in public internal improvements and in educational matters. TRUMBULL, Ltmax (1813-96). An Ameri- can jurist and politician, born at Colchester, Conn. He received an academic education, taught school in Georgia, and was admitted to the bar in 1837. He removed to Belleville, III., and in 1840 was elected to the Legislature as a Demo- crat. In 1841-42 he was Secretary of State, and from 1848-53 was a justice of the Supreme Court. From 1855 to 187.3 he was a member of the United States Senate. When the slavery ques- tion became acute he joined the Republican Party, was chairman of the .Judiciary Committee after 1861, supported the Emancipation Procla- mation, and the suspension of habeas corpus, and drafted the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. After the war he was one of the five Republican Senators who refused to vote for the impeachment of President Johnson, and thereafter acted with the Democrats. In 1873 he returned to the practice of law in Chicago. In 1880 he was the unsuc- cessful Democratic candidate for Governor of Illinois. He joined the Populists in 1894, and defended the leaders of the great railway strike in Chicago in that year. TRUMPET (OP., Fr. trompetic. It. trom- betta, trumpet, diminutive of Fr., OF. trompe, It. tromba, trumpet, probably from OHG. trum- ba, trumpa, Ger. Trommel, drum, perhaps cor- rupted from Lat. triumplws, triumph; ulti- mately connected with Eng. drum ). A musical instrument of great antiquity, which, in its pres- ent form, consists of a tube 8 feet long, less in diameter than the horn, doubled up in the form of a parabola, and sounded by a mouthpiece. By means of crooks the instrument can be adjusted to any degree of the chromatic scale. With the exception of the one in C, all trumpets are trans- posing instruments. The music is always written in the treble clef. The sound is bright and pene- trating. The older composers, including Bee- thoven, had to be very careful in the selection of the trumpets for a particular composition, and even then it was not always possible to have the trumpet play all the notes desired. To remedy this serious defect the instruments were provided with valves, enabling them to produce all chromatic intervals from g to g^. TRUMPET CALLS. See Bugle and Trum- pet Calls. TRUMPETER (so called from its note), or Agami. One of the birds of the family Pso- phiidae, allied to the cranes, and natives of South America. They have the plumage of the head and neck short and velvety, while that of the rump is long and loose, and possesses the remark- able character of having a series of sub-orbital bones as in reptiles. The best known species is Psophia crepitans, which occurs in large Hocks north of the Amazon, especially in the forests of British Guiana. These birds, of which several species exist, have little power of flight. The flesli is palatable, and they are domesticated by the Indians. Another species {Psophia leucop- iera) is termed 'corcosoda.' See Plate of Cranes, ETC. TRUMPETER BEE. The member of a col- ony of bumblebees whose office it seems to be to arouse the denizens of a nest to work in the early morning. TRUMPETER-FISH. The most important of the commercial food-iishes of New Zealand, Latris necatia, often reaching a weight of 50 pounds. It is a member of the 'long-fin' family Cirrhitidae, related to the sea-breams (Sparid*), which furnishes many valuable food-fishea throughout the Indo-Pacifie region. One species (Chilodactylus macropterus) is liighly prized both at the Cape of Good Hope and in Australia, and reaches a weight of 25 pounds. These fishes are called iong-fins' on account of a prolonga- tion of one of the rays of the pectoral fins. TRUMPETER HORNBILL. See Hornbill. TRUMPET-FISH. See Snipefish. TRUMPET FLOWER (so called from the shape of the flower). The popular name of the genus Tecoma (natural order Bignoniaceae), com- prising about twenty-four species of Asiatic, Aus- TBUMPET-CBEEPBB ( Tecoma rndicane). tralian, African, and North American mostly climbing and twining shrubs without tendrils, producing large flowers with a long tubular co- rolla which suggested the common name. The trumpet creeper, or trumpet vine {Tecoma radi- eans) , is a beautiful North American hardy spe- cies which climbs by means of aerial rootlets and has large attractive funnel-shaped orange- yellow and scarlet flowers. Tecoma aus'tralis is an ornamental Australian climber. Teeoma jas- minoides, another Australian species, is grown in greenhouses. Tecoma eapetisis is a South