Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/540

* TRINITY COLLEGE. 470 TRIONAL. are occupied, several honorary fellows and lec- turers, a chaplain, college officers, sixteen scholars, three Millard scholars in natural sci- ence, nine exhibitioners, and four Ford students, and in all about 190 undergraduates. The build- ings are of various dates and are arranged in a most attractive open quadrangle. The college presents to ten livings. Among the distinguished men who have been connected with Trinity may be mentioned Archbishop Sheldon, Bishop Seth Ward, Ludlow and Ireton of Civil War fame, Thomas Warton the poet and critic. Cardinal Newman, the elder Pitt, Lord North, Landor, Stubbs, Freeman, George Rawlinson, and Brjce. TRINITY COLLEGE. An institution at Hartford, Conn., founded by members of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1823 as Wash- ington College, the present name being assumed in 1845. The college offers four courses, leading to the degrees of B.A., B.S., and B.L. It also offers graduate courses leading to the degree of M.A. and M.S. There is a system of alternative and elective studies, most of the work of the last three years being elective. It has no pro- fessional schools, but offers courses in civil en- gineering. The productive endowment in 1903 was $760,000, with a gross income of $135,000. The library in that year contained 45,130 vol- umes and 28,185 pamphlets. The students numbered 126 and the faculty 23. The total value of buildings and grounds is about $1,250,- 000. TRINITY COLLEGE. An institution at Durham, N. C, founded in 1859, affiliated with the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. The college confers but two degrees. Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts. The courses are ar- ranged according to the group system with partially elective studies. The teachers and officers in 1903 numbered 25 and there were 231 academic students. The college grounds of 73 acres, with the buildings and equipment, were valued in 1903 at $534,000. The total college property was valued at $975,750, the endowment ■was $441,750, and the income $40,000. TRINITY HALL. A college at Cambridge, England. It was founded in 1350 by William Bateman, Bishop of Norwich, and co-founder of Gonville and Cains College, under the name of the College of the Scholars of the Holy Trinity of Norwich, for a master and thirty scholars, de- voted to the canon and civil law. It continues to be the peculiarly legal college of the univer- sity. By the new statutes in force since 1882, the college consists of a master, thirteen founda- tion fellows, and one professorial fellow. .There are also college officials, two law students, seven scholars, and three exhibitioners, and. in all, about two hundred undergraduates. The college presents to seven livings. Among the distin- guished members of the college have been Bishop Stephen Gardiner (Master) : Glisson, the anat- omist; Lord Howard of Effingham; Chesterfield; Thomas Bilney; and Chief .Justice Cockburn. TRINITY SUNDAY. The Sunday imme- diately following A liitsnnday, so called as being set aside for the special honor of the Trinity. No such festival was known to the early cen- turies ; the general establishment of Trinity Sim- day as a common festival of the whole Western Church dates from a decree of John XXII., who died in 1334. Nevertheless, the mass and office peculiar to the day are of much greater an- tiquity, and may be traced, at least in part, in several liturgical books of the earlier centuries. TRINO'DA NECES'SITAS (ML., threefold necessity). Three forms of assessment of lands for public purposes during the Anglo-Saxon era. No lands, either in secular or religious hands, were exempt from these three duties, which were known as hridge-bot, for the maintenance of bridges and liighways; biirg-bot, for the erection of and keeping fortresses in repair; and fi/rd, for the support of the King's military and naval forces. Blackstone mentions that in the time of Henry II. no less than 1115 castles were in existence as a result of the tax for the estab- lishment and maintenance of strongholds. Con- sult Blackstone, Commentaries. TRINTJCLEUS, tri'nu'kle-us (Neo-Lat., from Lat. tics, three + nucleus, little nut, kernel, nucleus). A genus of trilobites characteristic of the middle and iipper Ordovician rocks of North America and Europe. The body is small, seldom exceeding aji inch in length, with a rela- tively large and broad horseshoe-shaped head- shield. The glabella is convex and consists of a prominent median and two less elevated lateral lobes, and the head is bordered by a wide pitted margin and provided with long, sometimes bifur- cated, genal spines. The creature was blind in its adult stages, though in some forms the young were provided with simple eyes (ocelli), and compound eyes, such as are seen in most tri- lobites, are entirely absent. The thorax has six segments with narrow axis, and the pygidium is small and of broadly triangular form. Trinu- cleus concentricus is very common in the Trenton series of North America. See Trilobita. TRINUM'MITS. A comedy by Plautus (about B.C.194), founded on Philemon's The- sauros. It introduces no female characters. The play was imitated by Lessing in his ScJiatz. TRIO (It., musical composition in three parts). In music, in a general sense, a com- position for three voices or for three instru- ments. In instrumental music a trio is usually understood to mean a composition written for piano, 'cello, and violin. But it is better to apply the name piano trio. A string trio is gen- erally written for violin, viola, and 'cello, or two violins and 'cello. In a specific sense the term trio is used to denote a middle section in min- uets, marches, or scherzi. It derived its name from the fact that the older composers employed three-part writing in this middle section. TRIONAL ( CH, ) ( C,H, ) C ( SO AH,,) j. A white crystalline compoxmd used as a hypnotic. It is prepared by the action of meth.yl-eth.yl ketone (a substance similar to acetone) upon mercap- tan (q.v. ) and the oxidation of the resulting prodict by ])ermanganate of potassium. It is readily soluble in alcohol, but sparingly in water. It is an excellent and harmless hypnotic, and especially if administered in connection with a mild purgative is sure to have no injurious after effects. Its advantage over other hypnotics lies principally in the fact that its use does not lead to an organic habit and that its dose does not have to be gradually increased. Like sul- phonal (q.v.), it is best administered with hot