Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/43

* TANNIN. 25 TANSY. Jiefte fiir Chemie, vol. iii., p. 745.) Pure fraxitannic acid is a golden-yellow powder, whose solutions give a dark-green coloration and pre- cipitate with ferric salts. QuERCiTANNic AciD. This is a substance, or perhaps several very similar substances, of un- certain composition, found in the leaves, bark, and wood of the oak. It is also probably contained in tea. Extracts containing quercitannic acid are largely used in tanning. From these extracts the acid may be isolated by diluting with water, allowing to settle, filtering, precipitating the filtrate with hydrochloric acid, washing and drying the precipitate, dissolving it in strong alcohol, and mixing the alcoholic solution with somewhat more than an equal volume of water; the precipitate thus produced is rejected; on filtering, the liquid is evaporated to dryness, the reddish-white residue being practically pure quercitannic acid — a substance soluble in dilute alcohol and sparingly in cold water. QuiNOTANNic Acid, C„HioO„. This is a light- yellow substance, found in cinchona bark. It is soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, and its solu- tions give a, green precipitate with ferric salts. It may be prepared by extracting cinchona bark ■with water, adding burnt magnesia, filtering, precipitating the filtrate with lead acetate, de- composing the precipitate with aqueous sulphur- eted hydrogen, again filtering, precipitating this filtrate with basic lead acetate, dissolving the precipitate in dilute acetic acid, adding am- monia, treating this last precipitate with sul- phureted hydrogen, and, finally, evaporating the resulting solution to dryness in vacuo. Artificial Tannin. A number of substances similar in composition and properties to the natural tannins have been obtained synthetically by Liiwe, SchifT. Biittinger. and others. Consult: Trimble. The Tannins; a Mwwrjraph on Their Historji, Preparation, etc. With an In- dex to the Literature of the Subject (Philadel- phia, 1892-94). TANNING. See Leather. TANN-RATHSAMHAXJSEN, tiin-rut'sam- hou'zen, Ludwig S.mson, Baron von und zu der (1815-81). A German general, born at Darm- stadt. He entered a Bavarian regiment of artil- lery in 1833, was transferred to the general staff in 1840. and, becoming aide-de-camp to Crown- prince Maximilian in 1840, was soon afterwards promoted to the rank of major. In 1849-50 he took a conspicuous part in the Schleswig-Holstein campaign, and after his return to Bavaria was again aide-de-camp to King Maximilian, was made major-general in 1855 and commanding gen- eral at Augsburg in 1S6I, and subsequently at Munich. In 1800 he was chief of stafT of Field- marshal Prince Charles, eommandor-in-chief of the South German contingents, and having been appointed general of infantry and conunander of the first army corps in 1869, led it with distinc- tion in the campaign of 1870, at Worth, Beau- mont, and Sedan. Given command over the com- bined forces operating on the Loire, he reduced Orleans, afterwards fought victoriously under the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg in several bloody engagements and rejoined the besieging forces be- fore Paris. For his biographv consult Helvig (Berlin, 1882) and Zemin (Darmstadt, 1883). TANREC. See Tenbec. TANSILLO, tan-sil'IA, LuiGl (1510-08). An Italian poet, born at V'enosa, province of Potenza. He early entered Court service and in 1535 be- came one of the bodyguard, formed of one hun- dred nobles, of Don Pedro de Toledo, the Spanish Viceroy of Naples, with whom and with wliose son, Don Garcia, he stood in great favor. He ac- companied them on their expedition against the Turks and fouglit with conspicuous bravery. Sub- sequently lie held the post of Capitano di giustizia at Gaeta and died at Teano. His ingenious but rather lulirical poem 11 vcndciinnialorc ( 1534, trans, by Mereier as Jurdin il'amour, 1798) es- tablished his literary reputation, but was the cause of all his writings being placed on the Index by Paul IV. To atone for it, TansiUo afterwards resumed his religious epic Le lagrime di San Pietro, begun in 1539, but left it unfin- ished. Of his didactic poems La balia (trans, by William Ro.scoe) and II podere, the latter is one of the best of its kind in Italian literature. His lyrics, inspired by his impassioned love for a high-born lady, are replete with fervor and fine descriptions of nature. In the Stanze a Don Pedro di Toledo (1547) he depicts with consum- mate art the luxurious gardens of the Viceroy by the sea. An edition of Poesie liriche edite cd inedite, with biography and commentary by Fiorentino, appeared at Naples (1882); also Capitoli giocosi e satirici, ed. by Volpicella (ib., 1870). TANSY (OF. tanasie, tanesie, tanaisie, tan- asie, Fr. tanaisie, Sp., Port., It. atananasia, from MR. athanasia, tansy, from Gk. dSavaola, im- mortality, from idivaros, athanatos, immortal, from a-, a-, not -|- Bivaros, thanatos, death, from 0i>TiaKei.v, thnuskein, to die), Taiiacctuin. A genus of plants of the naturiil order Composite, natives of the temperate parts of the Old World. Common tansy {Taiiarrtimt milgare), a peren- nial, has long been cultivated in gardens and is naturalized in many parts of North America.