Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/282

* THOMAS SLAG. 238 THOMPSON. age of available phosphoric acid and of silica, but in being practically devoid of free lime. Basic slag is not suited to the manufacture of super- phosphates and is generally used without any treatment except fine grinding. Purchasers of Thomas slag should insist on its being finely ground, as the value of the material depends very largely upon its fineness. Slag has be.en used in large quantities for agricultural purposes in Europe for a number of years— in 1S09 1,05.5,000 tons. Of this 895,000 tons were used in Germany and 170.000 in France. In ISSo the use of this material was practically confined to Germany and amounted to only 5000 tons. Since the total consumption of phosphatic fertilizers in Germany in 1899 was 1,804,000 tons, and in France 245,000 tons, nearly half of the phosphatic fertilizers used in these countries was Thomas slag. Slag has not been extensive!}' introduced into the United States. Some has been manufactured at I'ottstown, Pa., and put on the market under the name of 'odor- less phosphate.' Experiments have shown slag to be a very valuable phosphatic fertilizer, and on account of its higli percentage of lime espe- cially suited to use on acid soils and those rich in organic matter. It would not be wise to use it freely on poor sandy soils deficient in organic matter. Experiments have indicated that slag and dissolved boneblack are about equallj' ef- fective, taking into account the after-effects of the slag, while the cost of the latter is nearly twice that of the former. Slag appears to be especially suited to legumi- nous crops. Six liundrcd to one thousand pounds per acre is considered a liberal dressing. It should not be mixed with ammonium sul]ihate before use, since its high percentage of free lime is likely to cause a loss of ammonia by volatiliza- tion. Mixtures of the slag with other salts, such as muriate of potash and nitrate of soda, cake badly and are difficult to handle and dis- tribute uniformly. See Manures a.d ^Ianub- ING. THOMASVILLE, tom'as-vil. A city and the county-seat of Tliomas County, Ga., 200 miles southwest of Savannah; on the Atlantic Coast Line, and other railroads (Map: Georgia, B 5). It is picturesquely situated on high ground, and has ,nained considerable prominence as a winter and health resort. There are two large hotels. The South Georgia College is here, and the cit.v maintains a public library. Thomas- ville is surrounded b.v a fertile section producing cotton, sugar-cane, tobacco, melons, figs, pears, grapes, and vegetables. Its manufacturing in- terests are centred mainly in the lumber industry. The goveriuiieiit is vested in a niavor, chosen an- nually, and a council. The water-works are owned and ojierated by the municipalitv. Tbomas- ville was settled in 1850 and received its present charter in 1889. Population, in 1890, 5514; in 1900, 5322. TH0M6, tu'ma'. Fran<;'oi,s (commonly called Francis) (1850 — ). A French composer, born" at Port-Louis, Mauritius. From 1866 to 1870 he attended the Paris Conservatoire, study- ing pianoforte with Alarinontel and theory with Duprato. In 1890 he set Borneo et Juliette to music and in 1891 the mystery L'enfant J6suii, besides the symphonic ode Ht/mne A la nuit. He has also .set many light stage pieces to music and published both vocal and instrumental pieces. THOMIST, tho'mlst. A follower of Thomas Aquinas (q.v. ) in pliilosophy or theology. See Alexandrlsts. THOMMEN, tom'men, Aciiille,? (18.12-93). An .u^trian engineer, born at Basel, and edu- cated at the universit,y of his native town and in the pol.vtechnic institute of Karlsruhe. He built the railroad over the Brenner Pass in 1861-67. From 1867 to 1869 he was head of the railroad system of Hungary. THOMPSON, tomp'son. A town, including several villages, in Windham County, Conn., four miles northeast of Putnam, on the Quinebaug Eiver. and on the Ne' York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (Map: Connecticut, H 2). Farming and the manufacture of cotton goods and woolens are the leading industries of the community. Originally a part of Killingly, Thompson became a parish in 1728, and was in- corporated as a town in 1780. Population, in 1890. 5.580: in 1900, 6442. THOMPSON. A family of American paint- ers. Cei'has Giovanni the Elder (1775-1856), a mediocre portrait painter, born at iliddle- boro, Mass., practiced mainly in the Soutli, num- bering among his sitters John Marshall, John Howard Payne, and Decatur. — Cepii.s Giovanni the Younger ( 1809-88), portrait and figure paint- er, born also at Middleboro and for a short time the pupil of his father, was chiefly self- taught. He painted principall,v in Boston, Provi- dence, New York, and Philadelphia. In 1852 he visited London, Paris, and Florence, and settled in Rome, where he spent seven years. Upon his return to the United States in 1860 he took up his residence in New Y'ork City, and was made an associate of the National Academy. His por- traits include those of Longfellow, Charles Fenno Hoffman (New Y'ork Historical Society), Sebas- tien Cabot (after Holbein), Hawthorne, and Dr. Matthews (New Y'ork University). Among his best known figure paintings are the "Guardian Angels," "Prospero and Miranda," and "Saint Peter Delivered from Prison." His most cele- brated picture is his cop.v of Guido Reni's "Bea- trice Cenci." — His broflier .Jerome TnoMP.soN (1814-86). landscape and figure painter, stud- ied for a short time under his father and then with Morse and .Jarvis. He painted chiefly in New Y'ork City, where he took up his residence in 1832. In 18.50 he was made an associate of the National Academy. Among his paintings are the "Old Oakeii Bucket," the "Dakota Canon" (1880). the "Indian's Prayer" (1884), and a "Study from Nature" (1886)'. THOMPSON, Augustus Charles (1812- 19111 I . A rongregational clergyman. He was born at Goslien. Conn.: studied at Yale College (but did not graduate), at Hartford Theological Sem- inary, and the University of Berlin. He became pastor of the Eliot Congregational Church, Rox- bury, Mass. (1842). He visited India with Dr. Rufus Anderson ( 1854-55 ) and lectured on for- eign missions at Andoer Theological Seminary (1877-80), at Boston University (1882), and at Hartford Theological Seminary (1885-86). His publications include memorials of Mrs. Anna J. Waters (1854), of H. M. Mill (1856), of Rev. Dr. Rufus Anderson (1880): Momrion Jlissiuns