Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 19.djvu/180

* TEPEHUAN. 140 TEKBORCH. set in clay mortar, or frequently utilizing the mountain caves for slielter. They cultivate cot- ton, which they weave into fabrics of beautiful texture and colors. They are now reduced to a mere remnant. TEPIC, ta-pek'. A territory in the western part of Jlexico, bounded by the States of Sina- loa and Durango on tlfe north, Jalisco on the east and south, and the Pacific on the west (Map: Mexico, G 7). Area, 11,275 square miles. The surface is low on the coast and mountainous toward the eastern frontier. The popuhition, mostly semi-independent Indians, includes 30,000 Nayarits, enjiaged chiefh- in agriculture. Popu- lation, in 1895, 147.770. Capital, Tcpic (q.v.). The Nayarit populatiim long resisted the Span- ish sway and were not subdued until 1722, and then only nominally. In 1872 they rebelled against the Mexican Government, but were sub- dued after a bloody struggle. The Territorj' of Tepic was organized in 1889. TEPIC. The capital of the Territory of Tepic, Mexico, 28 miles east of the port of San Bias, with which it is connected by a railway (Map: Mexico, F 7). Situated on a plateau 2900 feet above the sea, it commands a fine view of the Pacific; its climate, mild and healthful, attracts many summer residents from San Bias. The streets are straight and lined with well- constructed houses. It has cotton and cigar manufactures. It was foimded in 1531 by Nuuo de Guznuln. Population, in 1895, 14,560. TEP'LITZ, (U- TOPLITZ, te]/lits. A town of Boliemia, Austria. 40 miles northwest of Prague, in the valley of the Biela, between the Erzgeliirge and the Mittclgebirge ranges (Map: Austria, C 1). It is a favorite watering-place, famous for its hot springs, which range in temperature from 97° to 120° F., and are almost free from min- eral properties. The most important building is the Castle of Prince Clary, which, with its surrounding park and gardens, constitutes the chief resort of the town. Tcplitz has important manufactures of buttons, cotton and india-rubber goods, chemicals, glass, pottery, and sugar. The springs have been celebrated since the eighth century. The town is known for the treaty of alliance signed here September 9, 1813, by the monarchs of Russia. Prussia, and Austria against Napoleon. Population, in 1900, 24,117. TERAMO, t:i'ra-m6. The capital of the Province of Tcramo. Italy. 32 miles northwest of Chieti, at the conlluence of the Tordino and Vazzola Rivers (Map: Italy, H 5). It lies amid attractive movmtain scenery, and has interest- ing Roman remains. The fourteenth-century cathedral has been recently restored. The Church of Sant' Agostino is a handsome Gothic structure. Pottery, leather, fine furniture, straw hats, and cream of tartar are manufactured. The Gran Sasso d'ltalia is often ascended from here. Population (commune), in 1901, 24.503. TER'APHIM. A Hebrew word, plural in form but of obscure origin, and designating a certain kind of images used for oracular pur- poses. The teraphim appear to have been of various shapes, in some instances small enough to be hidden in the camel-litter — as in the story of Rachel's theft of the teraphim belonging to her father, Laban (Gen. xxxi. 19, 34). while in others they had a human form and were large enough to be used as a substitute for a man, as. in the story of Michal's successful deception of lier father, Saul, by placing a terapli in David's, bed (I. Sam. xix. 1310). The reverence paid to the teraphim as hou.sehold deities lent a per- sistence to the practices connected with them that survived even Josiah's reform (II. Kings xxiii. 24), and we find teraphim in vogue during the exile (Zech. x. 2). Connected in some way with ancestor-worship, it is not unlikely that there is some relationship between terapliira and Repliaim (q.v.) — the 'shades' of the dead. Consult Scliwallv, Das Lebcn nach dem Tode^ (Giessen, 1S92)." TER'ATOL'OGY. That portion of biological science which treats of the unusual or grotesque forms which the organs or the whole body may assume. See Malformation. TERBIUM (Neo-Lat., from Yt-terb-y, in. Sweden). A metallic element discovered by itosander in 1843. It was originally found with erbia, yttria, and other rare earths, in the min- eral gadolinite from Ytterbv, Sweden, but its. existence was subsequently disputed, until in- vestigations by Cleve, about 1878, seemed to sub- stantiate its elemcntar}' nature. It is, however,, still doubtful whether terbium is a single sub- stance or a mixture. The metal itself has never been isolated ; its oxide is a dark-orange powder. TERBORCH, ter'borK (ter Borch, Terburg),, Gerakl) (1017-81). An eminent genre and por- trait painter of the Dutch School. Born at Zwolle,. he was first instructed by his father, a draughts- man and etcher of some ability, and went, in 1033, to Haarlem, where he became the pupil of Pieter de Molyn. In the selection of sub- jects he favored scenes of a. peaceful and refined domestic life, occasionally disconcerted by the vicissitudes of love, the favorite theme of his pictures. Only exceptionally he descends into- the lower strata of society, as for instance in his earliest picture preserved to us, the "Backgam- mon-Players," in the Kunsthalle at Bremen. The infiuence of the grand master of Haarlem, Frans Hals, is noticeable in his first dated pic- ture, "Consultation" (1635, Berlin Museum). To. the same period may be assigned the "Knife- Grinder's Family" (ib.) and "Boy with a Dog"' (Pinakothek. Munich). In 1635 he went to Lon- don and is virtually lost sight of until 1645. when we find Iiim painting portraits at Amsterdam. Thence he went to Miinster, where he painted his most celebrated work, the "Peace Congress of iliin.ster" (1648, National Gallery, London), con- taining sixty likenesses, perhaps the most per- fect specimen of miniature portrait-painting. Accompanying the Spanish envoy to Madrid, he found much favor at Court and painted several portraits of Philip IV., by whom he was knighted. In 1650 he was back in Holland, where he married a widow-, and settled at Deventer. in 1654. From about that period probably date the portraits of himself and wife in the Amsterdam IMnseum. A later full-figure portrait of himself is in the Hague Gallery, w'hich also contains the charming picture known as "The Dispatch" (1665). From 1650 to 1060 he painted most of those conversation pieces which have chiefly made Terborch's name popular, tn wit : "The Reading Lesson" (c.1650). "An Offer of Money," and "The Concert" (all in the Louvre) ; "Paternal