Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 18.djvu/685

* STOKES. 589 STOLEN GOODS. of series, the internal friction of fluids, and other subjects in h.ydrodynaniics, etc. He also disoissed the variation of gravity over the surface of the earth and wrote an im- portant paper on the nature of Rijntgcn rays. For liis work in optics Stokes stood preeminent among the scientists of the nineteenth century, and he did much to mold current thought and theory in this field. He published the Burnet Lectures on Light (1892); Mathematical and Physical Papers (3 vols., 1880.1902) ; and Gif- ford Lectures on. Natural Theology (1891-93). He was made a baronet in 1889. STOKES, Henry Newlin (1859—). An American cliemist. He was born in Moorestown, N. .J., and was educated at Haverford College and Johns Hopkins University, after which he studied chemistry in IMunich and in Zurich. In 1889 he became an assistant chemist in the United States Geological Survey, which office he relinquished in 1892 to accept the place of assistant professor in the University of Chicago, where he remained until 1893, when he returned to the service of the Geological Survey. He ac- cepted an appointment with the ISureau of Standards in 1903. His researches include stud- ies in organic chemistry, especially on phosphi- niic and metaphosphimic acids. STOKES, Whitley (1830—). A distinguished Celtic scholar and authority on Anglo-Indian law, born in Dublin, Ireland. He was educated at Trinity College, and became a barrister of the Inner Temple in 1855. In 1862 he went to India, where he occupied various legal positions under the Government. He drafted the present Code of Civil Procedure and did other important legal work, but became best known, and is likely to be longest remembered, for his contril)utions to Celtic scholarship, a branch of research which he took up before he went to India, and con- tinued during his governmental service there. The greater part of his work deals with early Irish, but his studies included the other Celtic languages, investigations of Cornish and Brit- ish monuments, and contributions to Celtic grammar. It has been said that his researches have done more than those of any other scholar to make accessible the literary and historical monu- ments of the ancient Irish language. His writ- ings are intended mainly for scholars, but his texts usually are accompanied by tran.slations, and .some of these possess high literary worth. Conspicuously good are his renderings of the "Death of the Sons of Usnach" (Irish Texte, vol. ii. ), and of the "Briden Da Derga"' ( Revue celtique, vol. xsii.). His principal pub- lications are: Irish Olossrs (1860) ; Three Irish Glossaries (1862); The Play of the Sacrament (1S62): The Passion, a Middle-Cornish Poem (1802) ; The Creation of the World: A Cornish Miistcry (1863); Three Middle-Irish Homilies (1871); Goidelka (2d ed. 1872); Brunaus Meriasek (1872); Middle-Breton Hours (1876); The Calendar of OUngus (1880) ; The Tripartite Life of Saint Patrick (1887); The Old Irish Glosses at Wirrzhurg and Garlsruhe (1887); Lives of Saints from the Book of Sismore (18891; Vri^-cltischer Spraehschatz (1894); The Martyrology of Gorman (1895). STOKE-TJPON-TRENT. A manufacturing town in Statl'nrdshire, England. 15 miles north of Stafford (Map: England, D 4). The principal public buildings are the town hall, Xew Market hall, and iMinton Memorial building. There are statues to Wcdgowood, Minton. and Colin iliuton Campbell, The town is the centre of the 'Potteries' district, and owes its importance to porcelain and earthenware manufactures, car- ried on in about 200 factories. It has manu- factures of iron, engines, machinery, and bricks, and in the vicinity are numerous coal mines. The town, incorponited in 1874. is of modern growth. Population, in 1891, 24,000; in 1901, 30,450. Consult Ward, Stokc-upon-Trcnf (Lon- don. 1843). STOLBERG, stol'berK, Christi.x. Count (1748-1821), A German poet, born at Hamburg, of an ancient family, originally from Thuringia. Christian studied at Gijttingcn (1769-74). where he and his brother joined the literary Hainbund, was twenty-three years in the public service, and lived from 1800 till deatli near Eckernfiirde, Schleswig. He tran.slated Sophocles (1787). and wrote several volumes of poems (Gedichte. 1779, 1782, 1787. 1810) noteworthy for their pictures of family lite. STOLBERG, FsiEDRicn Leopold, Count (1750-18191, A German poet and translator, l)rother of Christian. He was born at Bramstedt, Schleswig, studied at Halle and Giittingen, and from 1777 to 1780 was Ambassador of tin- Prince- Bisliop of Liibcck at Copenhagen, lie became Ambassador of the Danish Court at Berlin in 1789, and filled other official positions until in 1800, Avith his whole family, he became a con- vert to Roman Catholicism, an event which caused much excitement throughout Protestant Germany. During his later years he lived in comparative retirement, devoted mainly to lit- erary work of the most varied kind, ranging from verse of great facility and boldness of imagery, through translations of Greek authors, prose romance, and travels, to a fifteen-volume history of Christianity from his later standpoint (1807-18). He died at Sondcrmiihlen. near Osna- briick. Consult biographical studies bv Menge (Gotha, 1862), Hennes (Frankfort, 1876; Mainz, 1S75). and Janssen (Freiburg, 1900). STOLE (Lat. stola, from Gk. irToXiy. stole, long robe, from arfSXeip, stellein, to array, despatch). A narrow band of silk worn over the shoulders by the clergy- of the Roman Catholic and Anglican communions, corresponding to a vestment known as orarion in the Eastern cluirches. See Costume, Ecclesia.stic.vl. STOLEN GOODS. In law. chattels which have been the subject of larceny and have not been restored to the possession of their owner,. Inasmuch as the larceny does not divest the owner of his property in the stolen goods, a buyer cannot acquire title to them even if the purchase be made in good faith. In England, however, this rule docs not apply if stolen goods were bought in market overt (q.v, ). and the owner had not prosecuted the tliief. in which case the hona fide purchaser acquires valid title. In the United States there are no markets overt, and any person buying stolen goods acquires no better title to them than the thief has. That is. the owner has a right to take them wherever lie may find them. Tliis rule is subject to the qualification that current money and negotiable papers payable to bearer or indorsed in hhink may pass to and become the absolute proiicrty of