Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/91

* BEUS. 75 REUTER. with a high octagonal tower, and the handsome modern Fortnny Tlieatre. There are also a large hosiiital, several eolleges, and an ueadeniy of fine arts. Cotton-spinning, wliieli was introduced by English nianufa«turers in the latter part of uie eighteentli century, and silk-spinning are the principal industries. The exports are wines, truit, grain, and confectionery. Population, in 1887. 28,780; in 1900, 2G,2-!0." BEXISCH, roish. Friedkich (1843—). A Ger- man sculptor, born at Siegen. He .studied in Ber- lin at the Academy and under Albert WollV, whom he assisted on the eque.strian monument to Frederick William III. After his return to Ber- lin from a visit to Italy in 1S74, he fashioned the marble group of "Jlarket-TralBe" (1879) for the Belle-Alliance Bridge, and the "Genius of iSteam" for the Technical Academy at Charlotten- burg. In Konisgsfcerg, where he was appointed professor at the academ.v in 1881, he executed the large group of "Strength, Justice, and ilodera- tion"' for the Government building, the statues of "Albert, First Duke of Prussia" (1891). and of Emperor William I. (1894), both outside the royal palace, besides several other memorials, man.v busts and decorative figures for public buildings. At Siegen are a "Soldiers' Monument" (1877). the equestrian statue of "William 1." (1892), and a bronze .statue of "Bismarck" (1900), and there are also several charming mythological genre groups to his credit. BEUSS, rois. Two sovereign principalities of Germany, situated between the Prussian Prov- ince of Saxony, the Kingdom of Saxony, Bavaria, and some of the Saxon duchies, and separated from each other by the outlying district of Xeustadt of the Grand Duchy of Saxe- Weimar (Map: German.y, D 3). They are: Eeuss Elder Line, or Eeuss-Greiz, and Reuss Younger Line, or Keuss-Schleiz. Reuss-Greiz covers an area of 122 square miles and is largely mountainous. Its principal products are Avoolens and knit goods. The Con- stitution of 1807 provides for a legislative as- sembly of 12 members, of whom three are nomi- nated by the Prince, two by the nobility, three elected by the towns, and four by the rural dis- tricts. The capital is CJreiz. The principality is represented liy one member in the Bundesrat and sends one deputv to the Reichstag. Popu- lation, in 1900, 68.287, almost entirely Protes- tants. Reuss-Schleiz consists of a nundjer of de- tached parcels of territory with a total area of 319 square miles. It is a mountainous country with deposits of marble and salt. The chief manufactures are woolen and cotton goods, ma- chinery, musical instruments, and leather. The legislative body consists of 16 members, of whom three are elected bv those pa^'ing the highest taxes, and 12 by the rest of the qualified voters, the head of the House of Reuss-Kfistritz lieing an hereditary member. The executive and in part the legislative powers are vested in the Prince, wlio is assisted by a cabinet of three members. The principality sends one member to the Bundesrat and one deputy to the Reichstag. The popula- tion in 1900 was 1.18.993, almost entirely Protes- tant. The capital is Gera. Consult: Jlauke. Hei- matskidifJc dc.1 Fiirsteiitums Reuss (Halle, 1877) ; Gaul, Bcitraqc zur Landeskunde des Furslcntums Reuss (Greiz, 1900). Vol. XVII.— fl. REUSS, Em Aim Wiliielm EuciEN (1804-91). -Vn Alsatian Prot«>stant theologian. Ue was born at Strassburg, July 18, 1804. was ediiealeil at the seminary of his native town, studied tlie- ologj' and Oriental phihdogy at (ii.ltlngcn, Hulle, and Paris, and took onlers in the French Prot- estant Church, lie returneil lo Strassburg as privatdocent, was maile professor extraordinary at the university iu 1834. and held ditrerent posi- tions there till 1888. He died April 15, 18111. His principal works are: Die tlexchichtc tier hciligcn Scliriften rfcs .VcKcn Testaments (1842; 6th cd. 1887; Eng. trans. 1884) ; Histoire de la tkeologie chretiooie uii siccle iipuslulitiuc (1852; 3d ed. 1864; Eng. trans. 1872-74); Histoire du amoii des Haintes Ecriturcs (1862; Eng. trans. 1884) ; Die Geschiehte dcr heiligen Schriftcii des Alien Testaments (1881; 2d ed. 1890). He was one of the editors of the great edition of Calvin's works (59 vols., 1809-1900), and published a com- plete Frendi translation of the Bible with com- mentaries (19 vols., 1875-81). Consult the mt- morial address by Lobstcin (Strassburg, 1891). REUSS, RoDOLPHE (1841—). An Alsatian historian, liorn in Strassburg and educated ttlere, at Jena, at I5erlin, and at tjijttingen. He became professor at the gynmasium of Strassburg in 1865, and after the Franco-Prussian War resumed this position, retiring from the Protestant seminary. From 1872 to 1896 Reuss was librarian of the Strassburg library. In 1896 he was appointed professor at the Ecole des Ilautcs Etudes in Paris. His historical writings in both French and Ger- man deal with Alsace ; among them arc : Uei- iriiye zur (leschichte des dreissigjiihrigen Kricgcs iin Ehsdss (1868) ; Mcux noiiis ct rues nuuvelles dc S/i-iislionrg (1883) ; and the important Alsace (IU XVIlIime sieelc (1897 et st^q.). REUTER, roi'ter, Christian (1665-1712). A CJerman author, born at Kiitten, near Halle. He was a witty and gifted writer, and was espe- cially effective in character delineation. In his L'honncte femme.-.odcr die ehrliclw Frau zu I'fis- sine (1695) he skillfully uses Moli^re's fable in Les precieuses ridieulcs. His chief work is the novel tichelinuffskys Rcisehesehreihung (Ki'.IO), which was reeditcd by SehuUcrus in 1885, and his other writings include Dcr ehrliehen Frail Hchlampampe Kranklicit untl Tod (1696) and Letztes Denlc- iind Fhrcnmahl drr Frau Sehlnm- pampc (1697), w-hich were republished in 1890. REUTER, Fritz (1810-74). A German hu- morist, who wrote in Low German (Platt- deutsch ) . He was born at Stavenhagen, in Mecklenburg-Schwerin, and was educated there and at Rostock and Jena, where he was arrested for political agitation (1833), and condemned to death, a sentence commuted to thirty years' imprisonment. He was confined in various fortresses till 1S40, when he re- sumed legal studies at Heidelberg, afterwards managing his father's estate till 18.50, when he became a private tutor at Treptow in Pom- erania. Hero he first began to write Low German sketches in i)rose and verse, the first volumes of which, lAiuschen un Rimels (1853), showed such charming blending of humor and pathos in anecdotes and genre pictures as to achieve an iunnediate success, Avhieh was con- firmed bv the reception of I'olterabendgedichte (1855) and De Reis' nah liclligen (1855), In 1856 Reuter moved to Neubrandenburg and gave