Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/880

* SERGEANTY. 800 SEBI. f^tjatiiit/ was an interior service, as to render an arrow, or a pair of spurs, etc., to the King an- nually, and was, therefore, more in the nature of a sooaj;c tenui'e. See Tembe. SERGEL, si^r'gd, Jouan Tobias (17401814). . Swidish sculptor, born at Slockholiii. First a ]mpil of L'Archevccquo. he studied afterwards in Paris, and after 1"U7 in Koiiic, where during a sojourn of twelve years lie acquired great reiiu- tation. Upon his return to Stockholm, whither he had been summoned by Gustavus 111., he was appointed Court sculptor, professor, and in 1810 director of the .cademy. The fifteen works of his ]irescrved in the National Museum at Stoek- holiu include a -Faun;" "Cupid and Psyche;" his masterpiece, "Diomedes Stealing the Palladium;" "The Muse of History Recording the Deeds of Oustavus Adolplius," a group of heroic size; and a colossal "Hust of Gu.stavus III." Besides these the "Monument of Gustavus III." (1808), at the foot of the Slottsbacke (Palace Hill), the "Resurrection," an altar-piece, and the "Mon- ument to Descartes," both in the Adolf- Fredriks Kyrka, should be mentioned. For his biography, consult Nyblom (Upsala. 1877). SERGI, ser'je, GusEPPE (1841 — ). An Italian anthroiioldgist. born in Messina, Sicily. He was educated at the University of Messina, where afterwards lie became an instructor. Later he taught in Milan. In 1880 he was appointed to the chair of anthropology in the University of Bologna: in 1884 he accepted a similar profes- sorship in the Royal I'niversity of Rome, and at the same time became director of the Anthro- pological Institute. He has devoted particular attention to the p.sychic traits as well as to the physical characters of the peoples of the East- Mediterranean region. His publications treat of archa'ology, criminal anthropology, and educa- tion. His best known works are Elementi di psicologia (1870). Psychologic physiologique (1887), Principi di psicologia (1894). I^peeie e varietd umane (1900), and The Mediterranean Race (1901), in Italian, English, and German editions. SERGINSK, sergensk'. Upper and Lower. Two industrial settlements in the Government of Perm. East Russia, 4.3 miles west-southwest of Ekaterinburg. They were founded l)y Deiiiidoff (q.v.) in 1742 and still belong to a private com- pany. Mo.st of the inhabitants are engaged in the extensive iron works and the iron mines in the vicinity. The population of Upper Serginsk is 14.000, 'and of Lower Serginsk 8.000. The nmiuni production nf lioth towns amounts to over l.i.OOn tons of pig iron and 20.000 tons of steel. SERGIPE, ser-zhe'pe. A maritime State of Brazil, bounded im the north by Alagoas, on the west and south by Bahia, and on the east by the Atlantic (Map:' Brazil, K 6). Area. l'5,090 square miles. It is the smallest State of the Re- public. The coast region is flat and sandy; the interior is a sparsely watered plateau. The cli- mate is hot and dry. The southwestern part affords good grazing land and is the seat of ex- tensive stock-raising. In the eastern portion are cultivated sugar, cacao, tobacco, cotton, and manioc. The chief exports are sugar and rub- ber, and the centre of the commerce is the capital, Aracaju (q.v.). Population, in 1890, 310.026 SER'GIUS. The name of four popes. Sergius I., Saikt, Pope 087-701. He was born at Pa- lermo of a S,vrian family and was ordained priest in 083. On the death of Pope Conon there was a contested election, and both factions finally united on Sergius. He refused to confirm the acts of the Trullan Council (see Quinisext), and the Emperor .Justinian II. .sent oflicers to Rome to seize him ; but the soldiery of the exarchate rallied to his defence, and the Imperial emissary's life was onl.v saved by the Po])e's intervention.. He consecrated Saint Willibrord, the Apostle of Frisia, and succeeded in terminating the schism in Xorthern Italy which grew out of the pretensions of the Patriarch of Aquileia. — Sergius II., Pope 844-47. He was of a Roman family and became archijiresbyter under Gregory IV., whom he suc- ceeded. Lothair I., displeased that he had been consecrated without waiting for Imperial sanc- tion, .sent his son Louis with an army to Rome. The Pope and the Roman nobles refused to swear fidelity to Lothair as King of Italy, but recog- nized him as Emperor, and Louis was solemnly crowned as King of the Lombards. In 846 Rome was attacked and devastated by Saracen hordes, who were finally driven off by Duke Guido of Spoleto. summoned by the Pope. — Sergius III., Pope 904-11. He was a Roman by birth, con- secrated Bishop of Csre against his will by For- mosus in 892 or 893, and elected Pope, on the death of Theodore II. in 897. by the Tuscan fac- tion, but not recognized by the Emperor Lam- bert, who set up .John IX. He returned to Roiiie in 904, overthrew the Antipope Christopher, and gained pos.session of the See. His pontificate was troubled, and his own character is said by some ancient writers to have been stained by the pre- vailing immorality. — Sergius IV.. Pope 1009-12. He was made Bishop of Albano in 104. On his election to the Papacy he changed his own name of Peter, being unwilling out of reverence to call himself Peter II. His power was limited in secular matters by the domination in Rome of the patrician John Crescentius and his family. SERI, sii're. A wild and warlike tribe for- merly holding a considerable territory on the west coast of Sonora, Mexico, together with the adjacent island of Tiburon, in the Gulf of Cali- fornia, but now restricted to the island. They are in the lowest culture condition, live in mere brushwood shelters, and shift constantly from place to place. Their ordinary implements are of stone or shell, their weapons being bows, clubs, and stones. The arrows are sometimes poisoned. They wear kilts of pelican skin and paint their faces with elaborate designs. They twist ropes from hair and vegetable fibre, make baskets and rude pottery, and use rafts or halsas woven from reeds. They know the rise of the fire drill. Physically they are tall, well made, and of great agility. They seem to be untamably hostile to all aliens, and have no alliance or friendship with any other tribe. On the strength of a short vocabulary obtained by Bartlett in lS.i2 they were at first classed with the Yuman stock (q.v.), but later study of more adequate material shows that they form a distinct stock, which probably also included the now extinct Tepoca. They were formerly a large tribe, but have been nearly exterminated by the Mexicans. In 18.52 they were still estimated at 500, but in 1894 had been
 * l.■lillll^ nil great opt:asions, as coronations. Petty