Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/871

* SEPTICEMIA. 7!i3 quent in surgit;il warils of hospitals Ijcloie the ailvunt of listei-isiii and sulisi^quoiil prfcautioMary aseptic iiieasuros. It always follows infection of au open wound. Puerperal septiea'niia. or 'child-bed fever.' owes its orij;in to infection with streptococcus throu<;h the bleeding surfaces of the newly emptied uter- us. The symptoms of seiitic;vmia are a chill or a succession of chills, followed by a continued hipli fever, with delirium, prostration, and rapid emaciation. Abscesses may form in the internal organs or in lymphatic glands. In the treatment of the condition tonics and tissui'-builders and local disinfectants are necessary. The antistrep- tococcal serum has proved ellicacious in many cases. (See Serim Tiier.vpy. ) Sepsis may occur during pneumonia, tuberculosis, Malta fever, and many other diseases, in which ulcera- tion or an open womd nlVers entrance to bacteria. SEPTIM'IUS SEVE'RXJS, .Ktii of. A well- preserved triumphal arch on the Roman Forum, at the end of the Sacred Way. erected in .n. 203 by the senate to commemorate the conquest of the Parthians and Arabians, and ile<licated to the Emperor Septimius Scvcrus and his sons Cara- calla and G*a. The arch is 7.5 feet high and 82 feet broad, with tliree passageways connected by a cross passage. On each face of the arch are four composite columns on pedestals l)earing groups of prisoners taken in battle. Above the outer arches are panels representing in low relief the eastern campaigns of Severus. The name of Geta was removed from the inscription on the areh after his murder in 212. and the space filled by a laudatory addition to the name of Severus and Caracalla. The arch during a part of the iliddle Ages served as a stronghold, and in the seventeenth century the side passages were rented as shops. The surrounding rubbish was partially removed in 1S03 by Pius VII. SEPTIMOLE. In music, the same as sep- tuplet (q.v.). SEPTUAGINT (from Lat. srpfuagiiita, sev- enty). The common designation of the most ancient Greek version of the Old Testament. The tradition that it was made by seventy-two trans- lators in seventy-two days at the order of Ptolemv II. Philadelphus (B.C." 285-247) is worthless. An e.xamination of the work sliows that it is by dift'erent hands, and that ditTerent portions date from dift'erent times. It was doubtless made for the use of Alexandrian Jews who had gradually lost familiarity with the Hebrew language. The law was probably translated first, and the tra- dition which ascribes this portion to the time of Ptolemy Philadelphus is thought by some scholars to be correct. The concluding por- tion may be as late as the last century before the Christian Era. The language is the Hellen- istic Greek, and the apocryjihal as well as the canonical books are included. The LXX. was held in the very highest repute by the Alexandrian Jews and gradually it found its way into Palestine. It is the version of the Old Testament cited by Philo, .Joscplius. and the New Testament writers. It was read and interpreted in the synagogues of Egypt for some centuries after the Christian Era, was highl.v esteemed by the earlv Church, and many of the versions for use in diflferent Christian communities were made from it. It is still in use in the Greek Church. Its greatest value at present is for the SEQUENCE. textmil criticism oi the Old lestiimnit. Kor manuscript anti editions, anil further detiiiU, see liini.K, heading Vitsioiis. SEPTUPLE! (from T,at. sc/j/iiyWum, 8eptui>le, from .sipli III. seven -f- -/i/tix, -f(dd). . group of seven e<|ual notes, which are to lie performed a (he time usually given to four notes of the sanio kind (in conmum time), or to mix notes (in xix- eighth time). It is called for by the sign T placed abiivi- the group. SEPULCHRAL MOUND (Lat. iiii"'lcralis, relating to a tomb, from .M/jii/criiHi, w />ii/e/irum, tomb, sepulchre, from sriirlirr, to bury I. A nmund erected as a memorial for the di'ail. The ]iraclice of rearing mounils of earth and slono over the dead may be traicil to remotest an- tiquit.v and the lowest grades of Innujin culture. The first and earliest type was merely a heap, without a central cavity or much attention to outward form. Here a single corpse is covered with a pile of rocks or a heap of dirt scraped up and carried in baskets. In the belter forms tho materials are selected and the surface covered with sods or trees. The original mound was conoid or the form of the bodv; bit in later times geometric structures of exact outline were erected. Then came the log pen, the cy^t of rough slabs, the laid up inelosure, the mcgalithic cell, the tomb of masonry, and the mausoleum covered with earth. In these various imlosures the dead were doubled uj). laid out. heaped iu ossuaries, or incinerated, the ashes being min- gled with the soil or imirned. The mounds of -Vmeriea furnish a great variety of these sepul- chral remains ranging from the mere heap to the scpiarcd pyramid. Great tumuli and barrows (q.v. ) are found throughout Northern Europe from the British Isles to Ikraine. and they are to be seen in Xorthern .frica and in .sia. See 15lRI.I,. SEPULCHRE, TiiK Holy. See Holy Sepil- SEPULVEBA, sa'piiTd vri'nj. Ji ax Ginez de (c.l4!tn-1574 I. .A Spanish historian, born near Cordova. He studied at .Mcala, and after living in Italy until 153(> returned to Spain an chaplain and historiographer to Charles V.. and preceptor to his son. afterwards Philip II. His earlv polemical writings against l.ntbcr. and against Las Casas on slaverv, brought him into )irominence. He wrote, in addition to a l^ifr of Cardinal Albornoz, Hixtoricv Caroli V. [mprrn- foris Lihri .V.V.V.. and De Hrbtis Wi.s'/ianorHW ClcstcD iifl Xorum Orlirm Mrxiciinnjtir. His works were published iu 178(1 in four volumes by the Koyal .<'ademy of Madrid. SEQUA'NI. A tribe of ancient Gaul, de- scribed by Ca'sar in the first book of his Hrlliim flallicum. The.v seem to have been of Celtic stock, and to have inhabited the district later known as Franche-ComtC- and Hurgundy. Their chief town was Vesontio (the later Hi^sam.-on). They took their name from the river Sequana (now the Seine), which had its source within their territory. This district formed a separate province, called Maxima Seqnanorum, under the Kmpirc. SEQUENCE (OV. sequence. Ft. si'quence. from T.at. sciiucntin, sequence, from seqiii. to follow; connected with Gk. lireaBat. hrpesthai. Skt. sac, to follow, Goth. .<iaihw<in, OIIG. sfhan. Ger. sehcn, AS. sCon, Eng. see). In liturgies, a liynin intro-