Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/831

* SEDGWICK. 7r)3 SEDLEY. SEDGWICK, John (1813-G4). An American soldiLT, burn at Cornwall, Conn. He graduated at West Point in 1837, saw active service in the second Seminole War, served with distinction in the -Mexican War, and received the hrevets of captain and major. On Auf;ust 2;), 18I, soon alter the outl)reak of the Civil War, he was pro- moted from lieutenant-colonel to colonel, and six days later received the command of a lirifjade. He served with great cHiciency, as a division com- mander, in the i^cninsular campaign, and at An- tictani was twice wounded, but remained upon the field, in order to inspire his troops, for two hours after receiving the second wound. In December, 1802, he was appointed a major- general, and in February, 18(13, was placed in conmunul of the Sixth Army Corps. In Hooker's Cluuicellorsville campaign he captured Marye's Heights, near Fredericksburg, and after Hooker's defeat displayed great skill in withdrawing across the Rappahannock. When Lee invaded Pennsyl- vania, Sedgwick, by a remarkable forced march, succeeded in getting to the field of Gettysburg in time to take an important part in the last two days of the battle. In the following November he succeeded by a skillful manamvre in capturing at the Rapidan 1500 men of General Early's di- vison, with several cannon and battle Hags. He took jiart under General Cirant in the battles of the Wilderness, but was killed on May 9, 180-1, while superintending the planting of some guns in an advanced position at Spottsylvania. A monument made from the metal of cannon cap- tured by his corps was erected in his honor at West Point in 1868. SEDGWICK, Robert (c.1590-165G). An American colonist, born in Woburn, Bedfordshire, England. He settled at Charlestown. Mass., in 1635, where he became a successful merchant, and for many .years represented that town in the General Court. He was active in organizing the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, of which he became captain in 1G40. In 1652 he was appointed commander of all the Massachu- setts militia. With .John Winthrop, Jr.. and other colonists he established in 1043-44 the first iron works in the United States. Cmder authority from Cromwell, he drove the French from the Penobscot region in 1054, and in 1055 accom- panied the expedition which captured .Jamaica. Just before his death there Cromwell promoted him major-general and gave him sole command. SEDGWICK, Theodore (1747-1818). An American jurist, born in Hartford. Conn. He attended Yale College, but left in 1705 without graduating. In the following year he was ad- mitted to the bar. and practiced in Great Har- rington in Massachusetts, and then in Shelfield. One of his most famous cases was that of Elizabeth Freeman, an escaped slave. The trial took place about the year 1781. and the court gave the woman her freedom on the ground that slavery was incompatible with the Massachusetts Bill of Rights. In 1770-77 Sedgvick served in the expedition against Canada as an aide to Gen. .lohn Thomas: was later several times a member of the JIassachusetts Legislature, and in 1785-86 was a member of the Continental Congress. In the following year he assisted in putting down Shays's Rebellion; in 1788 was Speaker of the Massachu.setts House, and in the same year was a member of the Convention that ratified the Federal Constitution. From 1789 until 1801 he was a memlier of Congress, and for brief periods was Speaker of the House and president of the Senate. From 1802 until hia death he was judge of the Massachusetts Supreme Court. SEDGWICK, Thkouork (1811-59). An Ameri- can law uriler. born in Allumy, N. V. After graduating at Columbia College' (1829) he was attached to the I nited States legation at Paris in 1833-34. In 1858 he became I nite<l States Di.strict Attorney. His writings includi' a Trcul- i.ic on the Mensiiic of thtmmics (1847; 8th od. 1891), a work of much importance, and his edi- tion of the political writings of William 1-eggctt (2 vols.. ISIO). SEDGWICK, Wii.i.i,.i TiiOMfsoN (18.55—). . American biologist, born in West Hartford, Conn., and educateil at Shellield Scienfitic School, Yale (1877), and at .Johns Hopkins t'niversity, where from 1880 to 1883 he taught biologj'. In 1883 he became |)rofessor of biology in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Sedg- wick was biologist to the State Board of Health of Massachusetts from 1888 to 1896. He col- laborated on a (Irnrriil liiology (1880) and pub- li-<hed I'liiiriiiha of Hanituri/ Science (1902). SEDILLOT, M-d6'y(,', Loiis Pierke EuciSne Amelie (1808-75). A French Orientalist, born in Paris. He was successively professor at va- rious colleges, and in 1832 became secretary of the College de France, but was chielly occu- I)ied in the study of science among the Orientals. His numi'rous monographs include: Lettres stir (]Uelr/urs itoinis de I'lislronomie orienliile (1834) ; Manuel de chronologie univcmeUe (1834; 2d ed. 1850) ; Memoires sur les systimes ycoyrapliiques des (rrecs et des Arabex (1842) ; Maliriaux pour servir A Vhixtoire comparee des sciences mathe- malifiues chex les Grecs et les Orientaux (1845- 49) ; and Histoire des Arnhes (1854). SEDIMENTARY ROCKS (from sediment, Lat. scdiiiiiiilinii. subsidence, settling, from scdere, to sit). One of the main pelrographic divisons, comprising all tho.se rocks that are of secondary origin and have accunmlated by the action of water or of the wind. See Aqueol'S Rocks ; -Eor.i.N Accumulations. SEDITION (Lat. seditio. from se-, sed-, apart + in. to go). Conduct against the State or its authority tending toward treason, but lacking the overt act, which is reganled as essen- tial part of the greater oirense; the writing, pub- lishing, or uttering words which tend to excite subjects or citizens to insurrection or otherwise to disturb the tranquillity of the State, but which do not ;niMinnt to tii'ason. Sec Tke..'<o.. SEDITION LAWS. See Alien and Sedition Acts. SED1/EY, .Amelia. A gentle sentimental girl in Tliackeray's }'iinily Fair. She married Caplain (George Osborne, and after his death at Waterloo Colonel Dobbin. SEDLEY, Sir Charles (10.30-1701). An English dramatic poet. He was born at .yles- ford. Kent, and was the posthumous son of Sir .Tohn Sedlev. from whom he inherited his title. He was educated at Wadham College, Oxford, became a member of Parliament after the Resto- ration, and stood high in the favor of Charles II. As a young man he was of dissolute habits.