Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/739

* SCHUBEKT. 669 SCHUCKING. to the publishing houses of Diabelli and Has- lingcr. Both absolutely deilined it, giving as rea- sons that tlio ic>nii)oscr was iiiikiiowii and that the accompaniment was too dilliciilt. Sonnleithner then persuaded three others to share the ex- pense with him, and had the song printed by Diabelli on commission. Utiier songs of his now were puldished and sold well, and he would have found himself in fairly comfortalde circumstances had he not been absolutely without business in- stinct. In December, 1823, he finished the opera Al- fonso uml Estrclla, on which, otl' and on, he had been engaged for some time. The libretto is by .Schober, and it is said that Scliubert set Scho- ber's lines to music as rapidly as the librettist wrote them. The opera was not brought out un- til 1854, when Liszt produced it at Weimar, but unsuccessfully, largely owing to the wretched libretto. One of .Schubert's finest works, the Vnfiiiished Symphoitii, dates from this period. Tiiis fragment consists of the first and second movements, which are familiar to concert goers, and nine bars of the scherzo. These are fully scored, but with them the manuscript comes to a complete stop, not even the the most meagre sketch of the remainder having been discovered. This exquisite fragment was presented in its un- finished state by Schubert to the JIusikverein at Gratz, in recognition of his election to member- ship, but was not heard until 1805, when it was performed in Vienna. Some incidental music written for Rosamundc, I'rincfss of Cyprus, pleased greatly; but Schubert's genius seems to have been too lyric for opera, and of his few stage works which have been heard, only the little opera Der hiiusliche Krieg, which remained un- known until 1861, when it was brought out in Vienna, has had any success. The year 1823 is noteworthy for the composition of his charm- ing song cycle Die schiiiie iliiUeriii. During the few remaining years of his brief life he composed several of his finest works, most notable among them his great sj-mphony in C. He presented the score to the Gesellschaft der ^lusikfreunde, of ^'ieluul. in return for a purse of 100 florins, which they had voted him. They placed the symphony in rehearsal, but abandoned it as too diflicult. The score was dis- covered in 1838 in Ferdinand Schubert's posses- sion by Schumann, and by him sent to Jlendels- iohn, who produced it at a Gewandhaus concert, Leipzig, March, 1839. On November 4, 1828, Schubert called on the Court organist, Secbter. to arrange for lessons in coimterpoint. Soon after- wards he took to the bed from which he never rose. "Die Taubenpost," the last of the Hchiran- cngesang, composed in October, 1828, is generally regarded as his last composition. In the early stages of his final illness (typhoid) he gave some time to correcting the proof-sheets of his song cycle Dir Wiiiterreise. He died November lOtli, and was buried near Beethoven's grave. There is no doubt that as an orchestral composer Schubert had but just 'found himself in the C symphony, now ranked among the finest com- positions of its class. It is not unlikely that, having established so high a standard for him- self, he would have followed this s-s-mphony with others, but. allowing for the possibility of a de- cline in his powers, the world ma_v well be satis- fied with what he left. No composer, except Bach, has gained so much in fame since his death. With the pure melodic line lie combined in his Li((Ur wonderful powers of vocal expression, as well as vividness of description in the aeooni- paninients. Notable examples arc The Erlking, Die juiigc oiiin: in which the accompanimelit gives the tolling of a bell above a raging sturm, and Atif d<m Wusser zu siiigni, in which the water fairly ripples and sparkles arouml thu vocal melody. The known list of his .songs is over COO. Perhaps it was because Schubert's fame as a song composer overshadowed his other achievements that the latter were so tardily recognized at their full worth. His fascinating waltzes (the .S'oirccs dc 'icnnc in Liszt's ar- rangement) and his highly characteristic Im- pnjiiiiiliis and Mdninils Miisicaiijc are fre- quently beard. In chamber nnisic it is only nec- essary to mention his superb string (piintei with the two 'cellos, the pianoforte trios, and the D minor string quartet to fix his rank. At least two of his masses and several of his smaller choral works are highly valued. Consult; Kreissle von llellborn, I'iniiz Hchti- hert, cine hiogrnphischc tikizze (Vienna, 1801; enlarged ed. 18(15; Knglish trans, by Coleridge, London, 18i;!l), the most scholarly work; Krost, Ncliubei'l (London, 1888), a good popular biog- raphy; and the biograjdiies bv Ueissmann (Ber- lin, 1873), Niggli (Leipzig, "iSSO), Friedliinder (ib., 1883), and Heuberger (Berlin, 1902). SCHUBIN, shoO'bin, Ossip. The i)seudonym of the German novelist Lola Kirschner (q.v.)'. SCHUCH, shooG, Werxkr (1843—). A Ger- nuin jiainter, born at Hildesheim. He studied architecture at the Polytechnic Institute of Hanover, after which he practiced his profession as architect and engineer until 1870, when he became professor at the Institute. He then took up the study of painting, continued it (1870) at Diisseldorf, and after his return to Hanover, in 1878, painted his first historical picture, "The Transportation of the Body of (Justavus Adolphus to Wolgast" (City Hall,' Nuremberg) . Having lived in .Alunich ('l8S2-8r)). Berlin (until 1803), and Dresden (1895-99), he finally settled in Ber- lin. His other works include "From the Time of Dire Need'' (1877), "General Zieten at Hen- nersdorf" ( 1886), "{General Sevdlitz at Kossbach" (1886), "Battle of Jlilckern"' ( 1895), all in the National Gallery at Berlin; "In Winter Quar- ters" (1884, Miinster Gallery) ; "General Seydlitz Reconnoitring" (1885, Breslau Museum); "Apotheosis of Frederick III." (1803. Danzig Museum) ; and the mural painting "The Allied Jlonarchs at Leipzig" ( 1888, Feldherrenhalle, Arsenal, Berlin). Schuch is also known as a portrait painter and illustrator. SCHUCHARDT, shrjriG'iirt. Ihno (1842—). A German Itomance philologist, born at tiotha. He was educated in the imiversities of .Fena and Bonn. In 1873 he was appointed professor of Romance philology at Halle, whence be was called in 1876 to Gratz. His publications in- clude: Vot:nlismiis des Viihinrlntrin.i (3 vols., 1806-08); Ritoniell und Terzinr (1874); Slawo- Deutsches mid t^hnco-Italirnisrhes (IS84); Ro- nifiiiixrlirs und Kritischrs (1886); .4 H.s Aninss dcs Volripiiks (1888) : Jiaskische Studien (1893) ; and Wrltspnichf und Writsprrirhen (1894). SCHtfCKING, shi.ik'ing. Levin (1814-83). A (JeniKiii niiMli^t. l>nrn near Miinster. He studied law at Jlunich. Heidelberg, and Gottingen, but.