Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/710

* SCHLAGINTWEIT. 640 SCHLEGEL. ffrentosl ultitiuk' then attaiiieil hy scientists), fiitcml Tibet. In 1H5U llioy went to Simla, «lii-ie they Hui-e joineil by lleiiiiami, who had been in Sikkiin mid Assam, i-'roni .Simla they again eiossed the Western Himalayas into Tibet; anil then, while lleiinaiin and Kobeit went to Leh in Ladakli and eiossed the KaiaUonuii and the Kueii-lun, Adolf e.xploied Western Tibet and the eoniitry about the Lpper Indus. Later in the year Robert crossed the counliy drained by the "Indus. Afterwards Ilerniann and Kobert settled in Herliii. where they opened a iiniseum and s|ient niueli of the remainder of their lives studying and elassifying their colleetions. Adolf went oiiee more to" Leh and again crossed the Karakorum and the Kuen-lun. In August, 1857. while traveling in Chinese Turkestan, he was arrested, taken to Kashgar, the capital, and there beheaded. Hermann and Robert pub- lished a re])ort of their explorations under the title, Ucsults of a Scientific Missiun to India and Hiyh Asia (^vith atlas, 1800-66), the substance of which Hermann subsequently trans- lated into (ierinan as Rei^en in Indien mid Hot'lidsicii (18(i!"-H0). -Robert later traveled ex- tensively in the L'nited States and recorded his impressions in several works, including: Kali- fornifii (1871); Die Mormonen (2d ed. 1873); and Die Prurien (1876). Another brother, Emil (183.3-1904), is known for his studies of the lan- guage and histoiy of Tibet. SCHLAN, shlan. A town of Bohemia, Aus- tria, 44 miles by rail northwest of Prague (Map: Austria, D 1). It has a Franciscan mon- astery, agricultural, art, and industrial schools, and several hospitals. There are extensive coal fields and important manufactures of iron, ma- chinerv, chemicals, and cotton. Population, in 1900. 9494. SCHLANGENBAD, sliUing'cn-bad. A well- knoNvn watering place 5 miles northwest of Wiesbaden, Germany. It is delightfully situated in a forested vale, and is mostly frequented by women. The waters are alkaline. The old Kur- haus dates from 1694. Population, in 1900, 374. SCHLATTER, shllit'er, Adolf (1852—). A German theologian, born in St. Gallen, Switzer- land. He became professor in Bern in 1888, in Berlin, in 1893, and in Tubingen in 1897. He wrote Der Glaubc im AVi/cn Testament (1885: 2d ed. 1896) ; commentaries on Romans (3d ed. 1895). on Hebrews (3d ed. 1898), on .James and the Johannine Epistles (2d ed. 1900), on Matthew (2d ed. 1900); on John (1899), and on ilark and Luke (1900) ; Zur Topographie imd Geschichte Paliistinas (1893); and Israels Ge- schichte von Alexander deni Grosscn bis Hadrian (1901). With Cremer he edited Beitrage zur Fordrriing f'hristlicher Theologie (1897 et seq.). SCHLATTER, Francis (18.5(5—?). A cob- bler who, Iiecause of miraculous cures attributed to him. became known as 'The Healer.' He was born of German peasants in the village of Elser, in Alsace-Lorraine. In 1884 he emigrated to the United States, where he worked at his trade in various cities until 1892, when he thought that a voice bade him sell his business, give the money to the poor, and devote his life to healing the sick. lie was then in Denver, Col., hut soon after entering upon his mission left that city, and, trav- eling on foot, visited Kansas City. Hot Springs, Arkansas, El Paso, San Diego, San Francisco, and Albuquerque. At the latter place in July, 1895, he suddenly became famous. Crowds gathered about him daily, hoping to be cured of their dis- eases by simply chisping his hands. The follow- ing niontli he returned to Denver, but did not re- sume his healings until September. Meantime, a great multitude had gathered there to receive treatment from him. Schlatter is said to have refused all reward for liis services, and when money was given to him in such a way that it could not be returned it was asserted that he dis- tributed it among the poor. His manner of living was of the simplest, and he taught no new doc- trine, lie said only that he olieved a power which he called 'Father' and from this power he claimed to receive his healing virtue. On Novem- ber 13 he disappeared, leaving behind him a brief note, in which he declared that his mission was ended. SCHLATTER, Michael (1710-90). A Ger- man Reformed minister. He was born at Saint Gall, and was educated there and at the Uni- versity of Helmstedt. He entered the ministry, and in 1746 was sent b.y the synods of Hol- land to the German Reformed emigrants in Penn- s,ylvania. He was pastor of the German Re- formed churches in Philadelphia and German- town, 1746-51, and organized churches in Penn- sylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, and Virginia. He assisted in organizing the Synod of the Cier- man Reformed Church in 1747, but in 1755 gave up pastoral work, so as to devote himself to the organization of schools among the Germans, in which English should be taught. In 1757 he was chaplain of an expedition to Nova Scotia against the French, returned in 1759, and preached at Chestnut Hill, now part of Philadel- phia, and elsewhere. He was .still a royal cbaj)- lain when the Revolutionary War broke out, but, espousing the cause of the colonies, he was im- prisoned in 1777, when the British took Philadel- phia. Consult his Life by H. Harbaugli (Phila- delphia, 1857). SCHLECHTA, shleic'ta, Ottokar Maria von ( 1825-94 ) . An Austrian Orientalist. He was born in Vienna, studied there, was dragoman in Con- stantinople from 1848 to 1800, and from 1870 to 1874 was Consul-General at Bucharest, where he represented the Danube Commission, and whence he was transferred to Teheran to act as Plenipo- tentiary there. The Schlechta collection of Ori- ental manuscripts is now in the Vienna Imperial Library. He wrote Die osmanischen Gesehicht- sehreiber der nenern Zeit (1856), Der Kampf zicischen Persien xind Russland in Transkankasirn (1864), Manuel tcrminologique francais-ottonum (1870), and valuable translations from the Per- sian. SCHLEGEL, shl.a'gel, August Wilhelm von (17C7-1845). A distinguished German critic, poet, and Orientalist. He was born at Hanover, September 8, 1767, and studied at Giittingen. He first began to win prominence in literature, while a lecturer at Jena, b.y his contributions to Schiller's Eoren and Musenalmanach, and to the Allgemeine Litteraturzeitnng. About the same time his translation of Shakespeare began to ap- pear (1797-1810), the influence of which on Ger- man poetry and on the German stage was alike great. The poet Tieck undertook a revision of the work, together with a translation of such plays as Schlegel had omitted (1825, 1839, 1843).