Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/613

* SANPOIL. 547 SANSKRIT LANGUAGE. tribes being the most uburijiiiial in eastern Wash- ington, and until very recently adliering strictly to their jirimitive conditions and religion. In 1,S!12 the Sanjioil were estimated at ;UJO and the Xespelim at &1. In 1001 the whole body was estimated at 400. SAN RAFAEL, ra'fi-M'. The county-seat of JIarin County, (al., l.") luiles north of San Fran- cisco: on an inlet of San Pablo Bay. and on the San Francisco and North Pacific and the North Pacific Coast railroads (Map: California, B ."!). It is near Mount Tamalpais, in a region of pic- turesque scenery, and is a popular resort. It has a Dominican college, the Hitchcock School. Mount Tamalpais Military Academy, and a pub- lie library. Population, in 1800. 3200; in 1900, 3879. SAN REMO, ra'mo. A city in the Proyince of I'lirto Maurizio, Italy, on the Riviera. 26 miles liy rail east-northeast of Nice (Map: Italy, B 4). The particularly mild climate has brought it into prominence as a winter resort. The old town, situated on a hill, is ill built, with narrov crooked streets, but the newer portion, along the coast, has fine promenades, villas, and gardens. The city has a thirteenth-century church, a seminary, and a technical school. The Villa Thiem contains a picture gallery. Ths products of the neighborhood are olives, lemons, and oranges, and there are manufactures of perfumes and mosaics. Population (commune), in 1901, 21,440. SAN R0QT7E, r.Vka, Cape. See Cape San ROQIE. SAN SALVADOR, sal'va-DOr'. The name given by Colunilius to the first island which he discovered in America. See CiUAXAHANl. SAN SALVADOR. The capital of the Cen- tral American Kepublic of Salvador, situated a little west of the centre of the country, 25 miles from the Pacific coast, and near the foot of the extinct volcano of San Salvador (Map: Central America, C 4). Its houses are all low, sur- rounded by wide, open areas, and generally in- closing a central patio, being built with a view to withstanding earthquakes, to which the locality is particularly subject, ilanv of the large build- ings are built of wood, including the new cathe- dral. Noteworthy are the national palace, the Casa Blanca ("White House") or Presidential mansion, the university, national library, astro- nomical observatory, and botanical garden. The city carries on a considerable trade in agricul- tural products, especially in indigo. The rail- road to the port of Acajutla was completed in 1000. Population, about .30.000. San Salvador was founded in 1.52.5 by .Torge de Alvarado. It has been a number of times nearly or quite de- stroyed by earthquakes, notably in 1854 and in 1873. SANSCULOTTES, sa?;'ku'l6t' (Fr.. without breeches, i.e. wearing trousers instead of the knee-breeches then in fashion). The name given in scorn, at the beginning of the French Revolu- tion, by the Court party to the democrats of Paris. SAN SEBASTIAN, siin s-i'uiis-te-an'. The capital of the Province of Guipuzcoa. Spain, situ- ated on the Bay of Biscay. 12 miles from the French frontier (Jlap: Spain. D 1). It is built in a very picturesque location on a sandy isthmus connecting the rocky and steep .Monte I'rgull with the mainland. The town was formerly fortified, and the mountain is still crowned by the fortress of La Mota. On the east the town is bounded by the Rio Urumea. and on the wi'st by the Bay of Concha, which allords a spacious anchorage protected by the island of Santa Clara, and is lined with a magnificent beach along its iimer shore. The old town lies at the foot of the moun- tain, and has been rebuilt since its destruction during the siege of 1813. A beautiful Alameda running across the isthmus separates it from the new town, which has wide, straight streets, and handsome parks and promenades. The most notable huililings are the town hall, with a hand- some faijade, tle Palacio de la Oiputacion or provincial CJovernment building, the magnilicent hotel or (Jran Casino facing the beach ;ind surrounded by a park, the bull ring cai)able of seating 10,000 spectators, and the royal palace of Miramar. an unpretentious cottage built near the beach some distance west of the town. San Scbasti;lii is the summer residence of the Spanish royal family, the most fashionable seaside resort in Spain, and one of the most beau- tiful in Europe. Its commerce and industries are considerable, and there are a number of Hour and saw mills, iron foundries, and manvifactures of paper, beverages, cloth, and hats, while the fisheries are also very important. The perma- nent population in 1887 was 20,047; and in 1900, 37,703. Being a fortified port near the boundary, San Sebastifln has often borne the brunt of Franco- Spanish wars. The fort was occu])ied by the French in 1813, and captured by the English and Portuguese by an assault in which the entire town was destroyed. SAN SEBASTIAN DE GOMERA, da g(V ma'ra. The chief town of the island of Gomera (q.v.). SAN SEVERING MARCHE, sfi'vfi-re'nA mar'ka. A town in the Province of Macerata, Italy, situated on the Potenza, 32 miles south- southwest of Ancona (Map: Italy, H 4). It has a cathedral with a Madonna by Pinturicchio. and a library. Jlachinery. metal and stone ware, glass, and flour are manufactured. There is a trade in wine, oil, fruit, and cattle. Population (commune), in 1001, 14,385. SAN SEVERO, 9a-v:"i'ro. A city in the Prov- ince of Foggia, Italy, 10 miles by rail northwest of Foggia (Map: Italy. K 6). It has a cathe- dral, a seminary, and a technical school. The country is fertile, producing grain and fruit, and affording rich pasturage. In 1790 San Severo was destroyed by the French. Population (com- mune), in '1901, '.30.040. SAN-SING, siin'slng'. The principal town of Northeastern Manchuria, on the Sungari (Map: China, G 2). Population, about 30.000. A fort and barracks are situated si. or seven miles to the cast. Sep Kirin. SANSKARA, sans-kil'ra. The name given to the forty rites incumbent on the three higher castes of Hindus. See Samskaba. SANSKRIT LANGUAGE (Skt. unm.tkrta, adorned, perfected, p.p. of samsK-n) to adorn, from siiii). together -|- kar. to make). The name ordinarily applied to the whole ancient and sacred language of India. It belongs jjroperly, however, to that dialect which was treated by the