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* F)iip. SAN MARTIN. 546 Defeatcil nt Cnnclui Rnyada, March 19, SANPOIL. 'u> rotriovcd his fortunes by a decisive vic- thi- Xlaino, April 5th, definitely ending the ~li power in Chile. In August, 1820, he set Miil Irom Valparaiso with an army of 4500 men, and landing at Pisco, some loO miles south of Lima, entered the capital in July, 1821, and pro- elainied the independence of Peru. In August he was chosen Protector. To Uolivarfq.v.). who in 1822 came to the aid of the Peruvians, San llartiu left the task of completing the conquest of the country, resigning his command in .August, 1S22. and departing for Europe. He lived subse- quently at Brussels and in France, and died at Uoulogne. August 17, 1850. His life was one of devoted patriotism, marred neither by vainglory, factional hatred, nor personal interest. SANMICHELI, san'mf-ka'le. MiCHELE ( US4 l.'i.')'.!). . Italian arcliitecl. born in Ve- rona. He went to Rome, worked luiiler Bramante. and made the acciuaintanec of Xlichclangelo. of Sansovono. and of . toiiio Sangallo. with whom he was employed in repairing the fortifications of Central Italy. Sanmicheli is reckoned the first to use the bastionary .system of fortification. He built many beautiful portals in Venice and Verona, the Bevilacqua and Pompeii palaces in Verona, the latter being his masterpiece, the Church of the lladonna di Campagiia in the same city, and in 'enice the Palazzo Grimani, and the Palazzo Jlocenigo, so famous for its fai.ade. SAN MIGTTEIi, me-gal'. A city of the Re- public of Salvador, situated 70 miles east of San Salvador at llic foot of the volcano of San Miguel or .Tucuapa (Map: Central America, G 4). It is the third city of the Republic in size, the capital of a department of the same name, and the centre of a rich agricultural region. It has some foreign trade, especially in indigo. Population, about 25.000. SAN MIGUEL DE ALLENDE, da al'yfin'- da. . town of Alcxico. See Ai.i.e.nde. SAN MIGUEL DE MAYUMO, da ma-yijo'- nio. . town of Luzon, Philippine Islands, in the Province of Bulacan. situated 22 miles northeast of Malolos (Map: Philippine Islands, E 4). Pop- ulation, estimated, in lS'J!t, 20,400. SAN MINIATO, me'ne-a'to. (1) A city in the Province of Florence. Italy, 21 miles by rail west-southwest of Florence ( Map : Italy. E 4 ). The tenth-century cathedral was remodeled in 1488. The city has an old castle, a lyceum, and a seminary. There are manufactures of glass, leather, and straw goods, and olive oil. Popula- tion (commune), in 1901, 20,042. (2) An an- cient church near Florence (q.v.). SANNAZARO, siin'nad-zii'ro. .Iacopo (1458- 1530). An Italian author, born at Naples. Trained at Naples, he was there introduced into the -Orcadian Academy, in which he was known as Actius Syncerus. Frederick Til., to whom he was devoted, gave him the vilhi at Mergellina, and when Louis XII. 's expedition of 1501 obliged Frederick to leave his realm, Sannazaro joined him in exile, and .seri-ed him until his death in 1504. Sannazaro's masterpiece is the Arcadia, a pastoral composition in mingled prose and verse. The work was imitated and translated into foreign languages, and helped greatly to develop the pas- toral in European countries! Sannazaro's minor works in Italian comprise some short monologues and a few allegorical farces, and his various Kiinc, largely Petrarchiau in inspiration. His Latin compositions are among the be.st of the time. They include, elegies, eclogues, and epigrams, besides a longer poem, Dc Partii Virginis. Consult: Colangelo. 'ita di Jacopo Sa>iiia~uro (Naples, 1819) ; the Life in the edition of the Opcrc 'ol- gari (Padua, 1723) ; the Opere Latine (Amster- dam, 1728) ; an edition of the Arcadia, and a discussion of its composition by M. Scherillo, in Arcadia di Jacopo Sannazaro secondo i manoscrit- 1i c le prime sta»ipe con note, etc. (Turin. 1888). SAN NICOLAS, siin ne'k6-liis'. A town of Luzon, l'liiiip|iine Islands, in the Province of Pangasinfln, situated about 33 miles east of Lingay^n (Map: Philippine Lslands, E 3). Popu- lation', cstimaled, in 1899, 10,204. SAN NICOLAS, or S.^N Nicolas de los Ar- royos. A town of Argentina, in the Province of Buenos Ayres, on the Parana River, 40 miles be- low Rosario and 125 miles northwest of Buenos Ayres (Map: Argentina. E 10). It is an im- portant industrial centre, and has steam flour mills and large beef-preserving establishments. It is also a considerable railroad centre and a station for steamers. Population, estimated, in 1898. 15,000. SANNYASIN, san-nya'sin (Skt., renoun- ccr). Tlie Sanskrit term for one who has re- nounced all earthly interests and has devoted himself to a life of asceticism and meditation. It referred originally to a Brahman in the fourth and last st.age of his life. (See Brahmaxism.) The meaning of the word has been extended, however, to include all religious mendicants, chiefly of the Sivite sects (see Saiva.s). who sub- sist on alms and live a life of contemplation. SAN PABLO, paTilo. A town of Luzon, Phil- ippine Islands, in the Province of Laguna, situ- ated about 16 miles south of Santa Cruz (Map: Philippine Islands, F 5). Population, estimated, in 1899, 19,537. SAN PEDRO, pe'dro. Angeles (q.v.). SAN PEDRO, pii'dro. 90 miles north of Asuncion, on the right bank of the .lujuy (Map: Paraguay, F 8). It has ex- ports of mate and rubber. Population, about 7000. SAN PIER D'ARENA, pe-ar' da-ra'na. A town in the Province of Genoa, Italy, 2% miles west of Genoa, of which it is a suburb. It has a separate city government. It contains the beau- tiful Palazzo Seassi. The Church of Santa Maria della Cella is embellished with frescoes. The city has a technical school. It is a manufacturing cen- tre, with a large sugar refinery, machine shops, and chemical and oil woi-ks. Population (com- mune), in 1901, 34,885. SANTOIL (apparently of North American Indian origin, although sometimes written as Fr, iians< Foils, hairless), A small tribe of Salishan stock (q,v. ) formerly residing upon the river of the same name and now included with other tribes of the same region upon the Colville reservation, northeastern Washington. Lewis and Clark in 1804 mention them as Hihighenim- ■ino. a corruption of their name among the Yakima. They are confederated with the Nes- pelim, speaking the same language, the two The seaport of Los A town of Paraguay,