Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/540

* SALII. 484 SALISBURY. in tlio Kegia, »nd of wliieli it was said that one of each luid fiUlou from lit-aven. Their chief festivals seem to have been the Quinquulnis iu Jlarch, i.e. at the o|)ening of the canipaigiiing sea.son, and the Aimilusliium in October, when the purifications for the closed campaign were made. SALINA, sa-le'na. One of the Lipari Islands (((.v.). SALINA. A citj' and the county-seat of Sa- line County, Kan., 100 miles west of Topeka; on the Smoky Hill Kiver, and on the Union Ta- cilic, the .Missouri Pacific, the Chicago, Kock Island and I'acilic, and the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe railroads (Map: Kansas, E 3). It is the seat of Kansas Wesleyan University (Jletho- dist Episcopal), opened in ISSO. The city also has the Salina Xornial University, Saint John's t^chool, a public library. Oak Dale Park, and a line tiovernnient building. Salina is the com- mercial centre of a farming and stock-raising region. There arc several grain elevators, two large wholesale groceries, and manufactories of flour, carriages, and foundry products. The gov- ernment is vested in a mayor, elected biennially, and a unicameral council. Salina was settled about ISGO, incorporated as a city of the third class in 1870. and received its present charter as a citv of the second class in 1878. Population, in 1890", 0140: in 1900, C074. SALINAS, sa-le'nas. A city and the county- seat of .Monterey County, Cal., 118 miles south- east of San Francisco ; on the Southern Pacific Railroad (Map: California, C 3). It is the cen- tre of a fertile section producing sugar beets, potatoes, and wheat, and having important dairy- ing and stock-i'aising interests. Flour and ma- chine-shop products constitute the leading manu- factures. The Spreckels Beet Sugar Factory, one of the largest concerns of its kind in the world, is four miles from the city. Population, in 1890, 2339; in 1900, 3.304. SALINA STAGE. A subdivision of the Silu- rian .system receiving its name from Salina, N. Y., and comprising a series of shales and marls ■with beds of rock salt and gypsum. The rocks are of most importance in New York, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, where they are the basis of an ex- tensive salt industry. See Silvkian Systeii. SALINS, sa'laN'. A watering-place in the Department of .Jura, France, 30 miles south by west of Besancon, on the Furiense Kiver (Map: Trance, M 5). It is situated amid picturesque scenery and has numerous mineral springs. The extensive thermal establishment in which the salt of the springs is also prepared for the market is one of the chief buildings in the town. Popula- tion, in 1901, 5.52.5. SALISBURY, salz'ber-i, or New Sakum. The capital of Wiltshire. England, an episcopal city on the .von, at its junction with two affluents, 81 miles west-southwest of London, and 23 miles northwest of Southampton (Map: England. E 5). The town dates from 1220, in which year the ca- thedral was founded. The cathedral, the principal building of Salisbury, is one of the finest speci- mens of early English architecture. It was completed in 1285. The spire is the "most ele- gant in proportions and the loftiest in Eng- land." Its height from the pavement is 40f! feet. The cathedral is 473 feet long; height in the interior, 81 feet; width of great tran- sept, 203 feet. It is in the form of a double cross, is perfect iu its plan and proportions, and in the nuiin uniform in style. The W'esl front is beautiful and graceful, though now stripped of statues, with which it was once enriched. Other interesting buildings are the bishop's palace, the deanery, the King's house, the hall of .John Halle, and the Poultry Cross with si. arches built in 1330. There arc a fine museum, several impor- tant educational institutions, and many cliari- ties. The town maintains its water supply, mar- kets, river baths, technical school, public library, sewage farm, and two cemeteries. The trade is chiefly agricultural; cutlery and woolen manufac- tures, formerly important, are abandoned. Popu- lation, in 1891, 15,500; in 1901, 17,100. Consult White, iialisbury Cathedral (London, 1890). SALISBURY. A town in Litchfield County, Conn.. 03 miles northwest of Hartford; on the Housatonic River, and on the Philadelphia, Reading and New- England Railroad (Jlap: Connecticut, B 2). It is attractivelj' situated in a region noted for its numerous lakes and the general beauty of its scenery. It has a State School for Imbeciles, Hotchkiss School for Boj's, and the Scoville Memorial Li- brary, with over 0000 volumes. Iron-mining and farming are important industries; and there are manufactures of cutlery, cutlery handles, car wheels, and various foundry products. Popula- tion, in 1890, 3420; in 1900, 3489. Settled in 1722, and laid out ten years later, Salisbury was incorporated as a town in 1741. Ethan Allen lived here for some years prior to the Revolution. Consult Rudd, In Hislorical Sketch of Salisbury (New York, 1899). SALISBURY. A town and the coiuity-seat of Wicomico County, Md., 100 miles southeast of Baltimore; on the Wicomico River and on the Baltimore, Chesapeake and Atlantic and the New York, Philadelphia and Norfolk railroads (Map: Maryland, P 7). It has large lumber in- terests, repair shops of the Baltimore, Chesapeake and Atlantic Railroad, and extensive canning establishments. Flour, baskets, fertilizers, and lumber products also are manufactured. Under the charter of 1888 the government is vested in a mayor, chosen biennially, and a unicameral council. Population, in 1890, 2905; in 1900, 4277. SALISBURY. A city and the county-seat of Rowan County. N. C. 118 miles west of Raleigh; on the Southern Railway (Map: North Carolina, B 2). It is the seat of Livingstone College (African Methodist Episcopal Zion), opened in 1882: of the colored State Normal School, and various secondary institutions. The national cemetery here contains 12.145 graves, including 12,035 of unknown dead. Salisbury is in a farm- ing and fruit-growing section, and has shops of the Southern Railway, and manufactories of cot- ton, hosiery and knit goods, wooden ware, foun- dry and lumber products, felt mattresses, braided cord, and brick. The water-works are owneil by the municipality. A Confederate military prison was situated in Salisbury durine the Civil War. Population, in 1890, 4418; in 1900. 0277. SALISBURY, EnwARn Er.nRtnRE (1814-1901). An American Orientalist and philologist, horn in Boston. He graduated from Yale in 1832 and after a further course of theology there, studied