Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/434

* BYAN. 394 RYE. ordination Ryan became chaplain in the Con- ftdpiate Army, seivod to the close of the war, and wrote not long alter l^ee's surrender liis fa- mous poem, "The Conquered Banner." lie then served in New Orlean.s as priest and editor of the tilai; a lioman Catholic weekly; founded in Augusta, Ua., the lianner of the Houth, a re- ligions and i)olitical weekly; then he reassumed priestly duties in Mobile, till 1880, when he visited the North to lecture and published in IJaltiuiore Poems, I'ulriolic, Itelii/iuiif:, oiid Mis- celhDieoKS, among which the most popular, be- sides "The Conquered Banner," is "The Sword of Lee." RYAN, Patrick .Toiix (1831—). A prelate of the Roman Catholic Church, boru at Cloney- har]), Ireland, lie was educated at the Chris- tian Brothers' School at Thurles and at Carlow College. He came to the United States in 1853 and began teaching in the Theological Seminary at Saint Louis, Mo. The same year he was or- dained priest, and soon became rector of the cathedral. In ISliO he became pastor of the Church of the Anmniciation and in 1868 of Saint Jolm the Evangelist's Church and vicar-general of the diocese, in 1872 coadjutor bishop of Saint Louis, and in 1894 archbishop of Philadelphia. He was one of the leading pulpit orators of the Roman Catholic Church. Among his published addresses are What Catholics Do Not Believe (1877) and .S'oHie of the Causes of Modern Ee- liyious skepticism (1883). RYAZAN, rya-zan'y', or RIAZAN. A gov- ernment of Central Russia, bounded by the Gov- ernment of Vladimir on the north, Tambov on the. east and south, and Tula and Moscow on the west (Map: Russia, E 4). Area, 16,261 square miles. It is divided by the valley of the Oka into two parts, of which the northern is low, marshy, and thickly wooded, and the southern is slightly ele- vated, sparsely wooded, and has a rich black soil. Rj'azan contains deposits of iron, coal, and vari- ous clays, of which iron is mined to a consider- able extent. Agriculture, the principal occupa- tion, is greatly ham))ered l)y the inadequate size of the peasants' holdings. Rye and oats are the jirincipal cereals raised for export. Stock-rais- ing is in a state of decline. The liouse industry is but little developed, yet the manufacturing industries are making some progress and the an- nual value of the manufactures now exceeds $11,000,000, principally cotton goods and flour. Population, 1807, 1,827,08.5, consisting principally of Great Russians. Ryazan was one of the 7nedi;f- val principalities of Russia, which was annexed to Moscow in 1517. RYAZAN, or RIAZAN. The capital of the government of the same name in Central Russia, near the confluence oi the Trubezh with the Oka, 123 miles southeast of Moscow. It is a pictur- esque place with a number of ancient churches. Ryazan manufactures candles, tallow, and spirits, and has a considerable trade in grain, wood, animals, and salt. It was the capital of the media-val Principality of Ryazan. Population, in 1897. 44,552, RYAZHSK'. An important railway centre in the Government of Ryazan, Russia, situated 70 miles south of Ryazan. It has an extensive trade in grain. Population, in 1897, 12,993. RYBINSK, rilunsk. A river port in the Gov- ernment of Yaroslav, Russia, on the Volga, near its confluence with the Sheksna and the Tchere- nuikha, about 228 miles north-northeast of Mos- cow (,la]): Russia, E 3). It is well l)uilt and is of great commercial importance, an iuuuense amount of freight carried on the Volga and the canals connecting that river with the Baltic and the White seas being handled here. Of late its trade has been falling oil, owing to railway com- petition. The chief manufactured product is Hour. Population, in 1897, 25,200, There is a vast influx of people during the .season of navigation, RYDBERG, rnd'bar-y', Viktor (1829-95). A Swedisli author, born in Jiinkiiping and cducateil at Lund. In 1854 he became an editor in Giite- borg, and in 1S70 professor of the history of civili- zation in the university of Giiteborg, whence in 1884 he went to Stockholm in a similar capacity. Two volumes of lyrics (1882 and 1891) show- unusual poetic form and originality of thought ; but his historical novels are his real claim to fame. The best known are Frybi/taren pa Ocsier- sjiin (1857); Singoalla (1865); Ynpcnsmeden (1891); and Den siste uthemircn (1859), the last mentioned, which was translated into Eng- lish (1883), being the most powerful. Consult: Schenck's biography (Marburg, 1896) ; and Zach- risson, Eydberg som uppfostrare (Giiteborg, 1897). RYDE, rid. A fashionable watering-place and market-town on the north coast of the Isle of Wiglit, England, Ave miles south-southwest of Portsmouth (ilap: England, E 6), It consists of I'pper and Lower R.vde, the former anciently called Uye, or La Riclic. and the latter of moil- crn construction. The shores are wooded, and the appearance of the town is pleasing. The pier, nearly a mile long, forms an excellent promenade. Yacht and boat building is carried on to some extent. Ryde is the largest town in the island. It was incorporated in 1868. Population, in 1891, 10,952; in 1901, 11,042, RY'DER, Albert Pinkiiam (1847—). An American landscape and figure painter, born in New Bedford, Mass. His earlier landscape works include: "Spring," "Lowlands. Near High- bridge," and "The Forest of Arden." Later he painted figures chiefly. His subjects, sometimes from Shakespeare or Wagner, are idealistic and imaginative. They are to be regarded for gen- eral effect rather than detail, and are often painted in an unusual color sclieme. Such pic- tures include "Siegfried," "Jonah," and "The Flying Dutcliman." RYDER, William Henry (1822-88). An American Universalist elergjinan, born at Prov- incetown, Mass. After, preaching at Concord, N. H., Nashua, N, H,, and Roxbury, Mass., in 1860 he became pastor of Saint Paul's Church, Chicago, and remained there until his death. He left bequests amounting to over .$500,000 to char- itable and educational institutions, and also founded a free lecture course "in aid of the moral and social welfare of the citizens of Chicago, upon an unsectarian basis," RYE (AS. ryge, OHG. rocco, Ger. liocken, Roggen, rye ; connected with OPruss. rugis, Lith. rugys, Lett, rudzi, OChurch Slav, ruzdi, rye). Several species of the genus Secale, native to western temperate Asia and adjacent Europe. Common rye (Secale cereale), the only species in cultivation, does not seem to have liccn grown so long ago as the other common cereals, as it