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* BUBY MINES. 336 BUDBECK. EUBY MINES. A disUict of Upper Burma, India. See .Moi;oK. BUBYTHBOAT. The humming-bird of the Northeastern United States. See Humming-Bird. BUBY WEDDING. See Wedding Anniver- SARIES. BUCELLAI, roo'chel-la'e, Bernardo (1449- 1514). All Italian scholar, born in Florence. He was ambassador of the Republic of Florence suc- cessively to the Court of Ferdinand. King of Naples," and to that of Charles VIII. of France. One of the most prominent members of the Pla- tonic Academy, he opened his famous gardens, known as the" Orii Oricellarii, in 1494, as the ineetiiigpUice of the organization. Rucellai was an excellent student of antiquity, and wrote in Latin two nameworthy works, De Urbe Roma and De Bcllo llalico, the "former a topographical de- scription, the latter a history of the struggle, with Pisa and the expedition of Charles VIII. of France against Italj'. BTJCELLAI, Giovanni (1475-1526). An Italian poet, born at Florence. He was appointed prothonotary apostolic and governor of the Castle of Sanf Angelo. His didactic poem Lc cipi (1539; new ed. 1797) is an obvious imitation of the fourth book of the Georgics. In diction it be- longs, says Symonds, "to the best period of polite Ita"lian.''' It is among the earliest speci- mens in Italian literature of the versi sciolti, or unrhymed verse. Rucellai wrote also two tmgedies, Bosonunda (1525) and Ores^e (1726), the latter based on the Iphujeiiia in Taiiris of Euripides and much superior to the former in style and dramatic skill. BUCKEB, ruk'er, Sir Arthur William ( 1848— ) . An English scientist and educator. He was educated at Brasenose College, Oxford, was a fellow of the college in 1871-76, was also for a time demonstrator in the Clarendon labora- tory of the university, and in 1874 became profes- sor of mathematics and physics in the Yorkshire College of Leeds. From "l886 to 1901 he was professor of physics in the Royal College of Science, South Kensington, London, and in the latter year was appointed principal of the LTni- versity" of London. He was elected (1884) a fellow" of the Royal Society, whose medal was awarded to him in 1891. In conjunction with Reinold he published a series of papers {Tnnis- actions of the Royal Society, 1880-92) on the properties of liquid films, and with Thorpe exe- cuted the magnetic surveys of England, Scotland, and Ireland, for 1886 a'nd 1891, the results of which were published in 1890 and 1896 respect- ively as Maf/netie Surveys of the British Isles. Further publications by him include a study On the Expansion of Sea Water ly Beat (with Thorpe, 1876). EtfCKEBT, ruk'ert, Friedrich (1788-1866). A Cierman poet, first known by his pseudonym "Freiniund Raimar." born at Schweinfurt. He was educated at Wiirzburg and Heidelberg, and, after Ijeing a docent at .Jena, taught in various places and in 1816-17 edited the ilorgenblatt in Stuttgart. In 1826 he became professor of Orien- tal languages at Erlangen, went to Berlin in 1841 as Pri'}' Councilor and professor, and in 1849 re- tired to his estate at Neusesz near Coburg. where he died. Riickert's first popularity was achieved by political poems, Geharnisehte Sonette (1814), against Napoleon, but his lyrics are in the main philosophical and contemplative. The most ])(]pu- lar collections are Lichcsfriihtiiiy (1844) and Die ^yeisheit des Bruhmtinen (1830-39). He turned much Oriental literature into admirable verse, notably Hariri's Abu Held (1826); Fir- dausi's Roslcni tmd Sultrab (1838); Amrilkais (1843); Uaniasa (184); and a portion of the Indian Mahabharata, Xal iind Diniiajniiti ( 1828). He also adapted Theocritus. Aristoplianes, Sadi's Bustan, and the Indian drama Sdl.iiiilnhi to (Ger- man taste. These were publislied posthumously. Riickert, who had mastered many languages, is unsurpassed as a translator. His poems rellect witir wonderful fidelity- the Oriental spirit and the verbal felicities of the Oriental style. He wrote dramas, too, but they are inferior to his lyrics. Riickert's Werke were collected in 12 vols. (Frankfort, 1868-69), and have also been edited by Laistner (Stuttgart, 1895-96). Bever (Leipzig", 1900), Stein ( ib., 1897), EUinger (ib., 1897), and Linke (Halle, 1897). For his biography, consult Fortlage (Frankfort, 1867), Beyer (ib., 1868). Suphan (Weimar, 1888), and Muncker (Bamberg, 1890). EUCKSTUHL, riik'stiSil. Frederick Wel- LINOTON (185.3 — ). An American sculptor, born at Breitenbach, in Alsace. His famil}- went to Saint Louis when the boy was hardly a year old. He was educated in the city schools of Saint Louis and in Paris. His statue "Evening." which had honorable mention at the Salon in 1888. received a grand medal at the orld's Fair in Chicago in 1893, and is now at the Jletropoli- tan Museum in New York. Returning to Saint Louis, Ruckstuhl carved a statue of "Jlercury Leading the Eagle of Jupiter," which is owned by that city, and the statue of "Solon" in the Con- gressional Library (Washington). Among his most successful works are the equestrian statue of General Hartranft in Harrisburg. Pa.; a portrait bust of John Russell Young; the Soldiers' and Sailors' jMonument in .Jamaica, Long Island. He directed the sculptural decora- tion of the Appellate Court House in New York. EUDAGI, roo'da-ge', or ETJDAKI (early part of the tenth century). The earliest of the great Persian poets. He was bom at Samarkand, and according to legend was blind from his birth. He was notalone a poet, but a singer and a musician as well. Toward the end of his life he lost favor with his royal patron, the Samanid prince Nasr II., and died in poverty, probably about 945. A few fragments of his ])oems have been preserved, mostly in anthologies and lexi- cons. His most important work was a translation into Persian of an Arabic version of the Pahlavi rendering of Bidpai (q.v.). To judge from the fragments which survive, his style was simple and direct, comparatively free from the mannerisms and artificialities of later Persian poetry, while in religion he seems to show the infiuence of Sufiism (q,v.). Consult: Etlig, "RfidagI der Samanidendichter." in Xachrichten. der Giittinyer yelehrten Gesellschaft der Wissensehaften (Got- tingen. 1873) : Browne. Literary History of Per- sia (New York. 1902). EUD'BECK, Olof (16.30-1702). A Swedish scientist, born in Westerns and educated at Upsala. There he studied natural science and at twenty-three discovered the lymphatic canal, winning thereby a European reputation. After