Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 17.djvu/303

* EOME. 275 BOMITEY. paniplilets and several hundred manuscripts. The imiversity comprises one college, the Collegio Capraniea, founded by Cardinal Capranica in 1458. RO'MEO AND JtrTilET. A tragedy by Shakespeare, lirst printed surreptitiously by Danter in l.")97, probably from an old stage copy. A corrected edition apiteared in 1.">II!). The ear- liest form of the play was written possibly in 1591, while the development into the present set- ting can be detected by comparing the two edi- tions. The source of the story of the lovers is a tale in the collection of Massuccio di Salerno, printed in 1476, though similar incidents are found in a romance by Xenophon Kjdusius, a niedi;eal Greek writer. It was told again by Luigi da Porto in his Histoiia di due nobili aiiianii in 1530, derived from oral sources and the first to give the names of the lovers. The story was told in verse by Gherardo Boldiero in 1553, and again by Bandello as La sfortiinata morte di due in- felicissimi amanti, in his yoreUe in 15.54. This was translated into French by Pierre Boisteau in his Histoires trafii(]ucs, 1559. and thence into English by Paynter in the Palace of Pleasure, 1567, as Rhomeo and Julietta. The direct source of the tragedy, an English poem, "The Tragicall Historye of Romeus and Juliet," was written by Arthur Brooke in 1562, who mentioned an old play on the subject, now lost. The tale has no historical foundation, though told in Girolano della Corte's .S*oWa di ^'erona in 1594, as an event of 1303. It has been a favorite subject for musical composers. Zingarelli produced the opera Giulietta e Romeo in 1796: Bellini, / Capn- letti ed i Moiitecchi in 1830: and Gounod, Ro- meo et Juliette in 1867; while Berlioz wrote the dramatic symphon,y Romio et Juliette in 1S39. KOMERO, ro-ma'rd. :M:ati-A.s (1837-98). A Mexican diplomat, born and educated in Oaxaca. He studied law in the City of Mexico and was admitted to the bar in 1857. From 1859 to 1SG3 he was connected with the Mexican legation a1 ''ashington. most of the time as charg(! d'allaires; and, after serving under Diaz against the French, returned to Washington as plenipo- tentiary. Returning to Mexico in 1868, he was for six years Secretary of Treasury {1868-72, and 1877-78). and for two years Postmaster-General. From 1882 imtil his death, except for an interval in 1892, he Avas again Minister to the United States. He published many official reports, Cor- respondenee of the Mexican Legatioti at Washing- ton During the French Intervention (1870-85), Geographical and Statistical Notes on Mexico (1898), and Mexico and the United States (1898). BOMEYN, ro'mln, John Brodiiead (1777- 1825). An American clergyman. He was born at Marbletown, Ulster County, New York, re- ceived his early education at an academy, since developed into Union College, and graduated at Columbia in 1795. In 1798 he was licensed to preach by the Classis of Albany, and the follow- ing vear was ordained pastor of the Reformed Dutch Church of Rhinebeck. Xew York. In 1803 he became pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Schenectady and the following year accepted a call from the First Presbyterian Church in Al- bany. In 1808 he removed to the Cedar Street Church. New York, with which he remained iintil his death. He was one of the movers in the es- tablishment of the Princeton Theologioiil Seminnry and served as director until his death. In 1810, then only thirty-three, he was itpp<iinted Modem- tor of the Presbyterian General .Assenihly. ROMFORD, nini'ferd. A market town in Essex, Knglanil, on the Bourne. 12 mile!* eiixt- northeasl of London (Map: England, (15). It is noted for its ale breweries and market gardeiiK, which are extensively eultivateil ; it has also iron works and pyrotechnic factories, ami grain ami cattle markets are periodically held. Hcmiforil dates from the Saxon period. Population, in 1901, 13,6.50. ROM'ILLY, Sir Samuel (1757-1818). An English jurist, born at Westminster. He w«- called to the bar in 1783, and in 1S05 was made Chancellor of the Count,v Palatine of Durham. which position he held imtil 1815. He was re- turned to Parliament several times and was ac- tive in securing various reforms, especially in the mitigation of the harsh criminal laws. He was op- posed by the conservative faction in the House of Commons. His mind was deranged by the death of his wife and he committed suicide in 1818. Be- sides ninnerous pamphlets, he pnhlisheil : Ohscrra- lions on the Criminal Law of England (London, 1813); Thoughts on Executive Justice (ih., 1786) : Ohjections to the Project of Creating a Y ice-Chancellor of England (ib,. 1813). Baro.x Ko.Mll.i.Y. son of Sir Sanuiel, was suc- cessively Solicitor-General, Attorney-General, and ^Master of the Rolls. He performed a great pub- lie service in the supervision of a compilation and collection of the Public Records of England. ROM'NEY, Geokge (1734-1802). An Eng- lish portrait painter, born at Dalton. in Lanca- shire. In 1753 he was apprenticed for a short time to Steele, a portrait painter, at Kendal, after which he settled at Westmoreland, where he practiced portrait painting for several years. In 1762 he went to London, where his "Death of Wolfe" won him a prize of the Society of British Artists. He also stu<lied in Italy and France, being much inllueneed by Titian in color, and by Greuze, whose sentimental manner he adopteil. Upon his return to London, in 1775, he became very popular and divided jjatronage with Rey- nolds and Gainsborough. He continued to reside there until 1799, when he returned to his wife, whom he had deserted when he first went to London, and who now nursed him until his death. He had bestowed his airections upon his favorite model, the beautiful Enuna Hart, after- wards Ladv Hamilton, whom he painted as Bac- chante, Circe. Joan of Arc. Magdalen, and Sibyl. Among his other works are portraits of ilrs. Ca- wardine and child, Lady Cavendish-Bentinek. Miss Sneyd as Serena, Lady Warwick and her children. Mrs. Davenport, the lictress. and Lady Russell and child (1784). In the National Gallery are the "Parson's Daughter" and "Bacchante:" in the National Portrait Gallery, a portrait of Riehanl Cumberland and Lady Hamilton. The art of Romney has been described by iluther as "hold- ing the mean course between the relined classic art of Remolds and the imaginative poetic art of Gainsborough." He was a veiy dexterous painter and possessed the art of beautifying his model without making the piiture unlike the original. His treatment was broad and the number of colors was limited, but he used them at times with depth and harmony. Consult: Hagley, The