Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 16.djvu/910

* BEHAN. 806 REICHARDT. Ptrang, Famous Actresses of the Day in America (Boston. 1899); Hapgood, The Stage in Amer- ica, 1S97-1900 (New York, 1901). BEHATSEK, i&'hat-shek, Eduabd (1819-91). An Orientalist, born at Illach, in Slavonia, and educated in Budapest. He lived for sev- eral years in the United States — mostly in Xew Orleans — and in 1847 settled in Bombay, where he became professor in tlie Wilson Col- lefre. About 1871 he became examiner to Bom- bay University in Latin, Arabic, and Persian, but in 1881 lie resigned from this post, and spent the last decade of his life as a Hindu pundit. He contributed to the Calcutta Review, to the In- dian Antiquary, to the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, Bombay Branch, and to the Zeit- schrift der deutschen MorgenUindischen Gesell- schaft. His published works include a valuable catalogue of the Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Hindustani manuscripts in the Mulla Firuz (1873); Amusiny Stories (1870), Fortune and misfortune (1871), both from the Persian; a version of Mirchond's Universal History (1893) ; and a translation of Mir Khwand's Garden of Purity (1891-94). REHEARSAL. The. A burlesque by George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, produced in 1671, ridiculing D'Avenant, Dryden, Sir Robert How- ard, and other writers of the heroic dramas of the Restoration. It was long popular, and was imitated by Fielding in Tom Thumb the Great and by Sheridan in The Critic. RE'HOBO'AM (Gk. "Po/Sodyit, Rhoboam, Heb. Reliab'am., probably the [divine] kinsman is, or makes, wide). The son of King Solomon by his wife, Naamah, princess of the royal house of Amnion, and his successor, in early youth, to the throne of all Israel (c.937-920 B.C.) . The heredi- tary jealousy of the northern tribes toward Ju- dah, aggravated by Solomon's tyrannical exac- tions, came to a head at once upon the son's acces- sion. He proceeded to Shechem to receive the homage of the north, and arrogantly rejected the demand of his subjects that he lessen their bur- dens (I. Kings xi. 43; xii. 15). The leadership of the discontented tribes by Jeroboam, who al- ready in Solomon's reign had been exiled for con- spiracy ( I. Kings xi. 26-40 ), and who had re- turned upon the death of Solomon, indicates a well-defined plan of revolt. The temper of north- ern Israel is further shown by the murder of Adoram, the aged minister of public works. Rehoboani, taken unawares, had to flee to Jeru- salem ; he made a sliow of compulsion by force of arms, but .Judali had no forces commensurate with those of the north, and hostilities were con- fined to border warfare; according to the narra- tive he was forbidden to prosecute the war by the prophet Shemaiah (I. Kings xii. 16-24). From this time the so-called Kingdom of Judali con- sisted only of the tribe of .Judah, and half of Benjamin, with remains of Dan and Simeon. During the reign of Rehoboani Palestine was in- vaded (c.733 B.C.) by Shishak. or Sheshonk, the founder of the Twenty-second Egv'ptian Dynasty. The narrative relates his spoliation of .Jerusalem, where the temple suffered heavily (I. Kings xiv. 25-28). (See Shishak.) Rehoboam reaped the fruits of his father's vainglorious policy, and personally doubtless deserves the liiblical condemnation (I. Kings xiv. 21-24), while his wife, probably a descendant of Absalom, exerted a powerful and evil influence in the government. He was succeeded by his son Abijam (Abijah). See .Jeroboam I. REHO'BOTH (Heb. pi. of rechob, wide, par- ticularly the plaza by a city gate, the market and forum of an Oriental town, hence a common place-name). (1) The name of a well dug by Isaac (Gen. xxvi. 22). As it is associated with Beer-sheba, the identification with the name of Wady el-Rubeibe, eight miles southwest of Beer- sheba, is plausible. Here Robinson discovered ruins of a large town, to whose origin the biblical tradition may refer. The name may appear in an Egyptian geographical list, and also in the TcU- el-Amarna Tablets. Consult: Robinson, Biblical Researches, vol. i. (Boston, 1841) ; Palmer, Des- ert of the Exodus (Cambridge. 1871). (2) Reho- botli by the River, properly River-town, the home of an Edomite king (Gen. xx.xvi. 37; I. Chron. i. 48). As 'The River' is par excellence the Euphrates, the place has been assigned to Meso- potamia; but it can only be located in Edom. REICHA, iiK'a, Anton (1770-1836). An Austrian musical theorist and composer, born at Prague. He was nephew and pupil of the musician Joseph Reicha. From 1794 to 1799 he was piano teacher in Hamburg, where he wrote an opera, Obaldi ou les Francais en Egypte, which he took to Paris for production. He was unsuc- cessful with this, but two symphonies obtained for him a reception as instrumental composer. He lived in Vienna from 1801 to 1808, where he became intimate with Beethoven and was on friendly terms with Haydn. Albrechtsberger, and Salieri. In 1808 he returned to Paris, and brought out the operas Cagli-ostro (1810), Satalie (181C), and Sapho (1822). These were only fairly successful. His Italian opera, ArQina, regina di Granata. had previously failed in Vienna. He gained, however, a high reputation as theorist teacher and instrumental composer. In 1818 he succeeded Mehul as professor of counterpoint and fugue at the Con- servatory, was naturalized in 1829, and succeeded to Boieldieu's chair in the Academie in ISQS. Among his viorks are many instrumental pieces, e.specially string quartets and quintets for wind instruments, and the treatises: Etudes ou theories pour le pianoforte dirigees d'une tnanicre nou- velle (1800) ; Traitc de haute composition musi- eale (1824 to 1826); and L'art du compositeur dramatique (1833). He was not an inventor, but his theoretical works are of practical value and still stand in high repute. REICHARDT. riK'art. Gustav (1797-1884). A German song writer, born at Schmarsow, near Demniin. He received his first musical training from his father, and studied theology at the uni- versities of Greifswald and Berlin, where he also continued his musical studies. After 1819 he de- voted himself entirely to music. He was a piano and violin virtuoso, and published several tech- nical treatises. He also wrote numerous popular songs with piano accompaniment, the most fa- miliar of which are Das Bild der Rose and Was ist dcs Drutschrn Vntrrlandt REICHARDT, .Johann Friedrich (17.52- 1814). A German composer, conductor, and writer on music, born at Konigsberg. He had good musical training, and studied philosophy at Konigsberg and Leipzig. In 1775, upon the death