Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 16.djvu/785

RANDEGGER. and an opera, II Lazzuioue, in 1852. In 1854 he produced his opera Bianca Vupello at Brescia. As teacher of singing in London, where he settled about 1855, he became well known, and in 18U8 was appointed professor of singing at the Rojal Academy of Music. In 1857 he conducted Italian opera at the Saint James's Theatre, and was nuisical director of the Carl Rosa Opera Cona- pan_y from 1879 to 1885; and, upon the resigna- tion of Benedict in 1881, became conductor of the Norwich ilusical Festival. He wrote a comic opera. The Rival Beauties (1864); a dramatic cantata, Fridolin (1873) ; two scenas for soprano and orchestra, Medea (18G9) and Happlio (1875) ; the loOth Psalm for soprano solo, choir, orchestra, and organ, which was given at the Boston ilusical Festival in 1872; Funeral An- them, in memory of the Prince Consort ; numerous other vocal pieces; and a well-known Primer of Ringing.

RANDERS, ran'ers. A town of Jutland, Denmark, situated at the entrance of the Gudenaa into the Randers Fiord, 22 miles north- west of Aarlms (Map: Denmark, D 2). The chief manufactures are railroad cars, gloves, oleo- margarine, and the chief exports grain, butter, eggs, and fish. Population, in 1901, 20,057. RAN'DOLPH. A town, including several vil- lages, in Orange County, Vt., 25 miles south by west of Jlontpelier: on the Central Vermont Rail- road (Map: Vermont, D 6). It is the seat of the Randolph State Normal School, and has a public library. The surrounding district is chiefly engaged in farming and lumbering. Lum- ber and wooden ware are the principal manufac- tured products. Population, in 1890, 3232; in 1900, 3141.

RANDOLPH, Alfred Magill (1836—). An American Protestant Episcopal bishop, born in Winchester. Va. He graduated at the College of William and Mary in 1855 and at the Theo- logical Seminary of Virginia in 1858; was or- dained priest in the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1860 : was rector of Saint Cieorge's Church, Fredericksburg. Va., in 1860-62 ; was a chaplain in the Confederate Anny in 1862-05 ; and was rector of Christ Church. Alexandria, in 1865-67, and of Emmanuel Church. Baltimore, from 1867 to 1883. In 1883 he became Coadjutor Bishop of Virginia, and in 1892 was himself elected Bishop of Southern Virginia.

RANDOLPH, Edmund Jennings (1753- 1813). An American statesman, the nephew of Peyton Randolph (q.v.). He was born in Wil- liamsburg, Va. ; graduated at William and jMary College; early became prominent as an opponent of the measures of the British Ministry, and, in consequence, was disinherited by his father, John Randolph, a stanch Loyalist. In August, 1775, he became one of Washington's aides, and in 1776 sat in the Virginia Constitutional Conven- tion. He was chosen first Attorney-Oencral under the new State Constitution (1776). sat in the Continental Congress from 1780 to 1782. and was Governor of Virginia from 1786 to 1788. In 1787 he headed the Virginia delegation to the Con- stitutional Convention, and took a prominent part in the debates, proposing the celebrated 'Virginia plan.' and opposing, among other things, the single executive, the Vice-Presidential ofiice, and equality of the States in the Senate. He refused to sign the instrument as finally drafted, but in the Virginia Convention strongly advocated its ratification. He hel]ied to codify the Virginia laws, and in September, 1789, was appointed by Washington Attornej-General of the United States. On January 2, 1794, he succeeded Jefferson as Secretary of State, but resigned in August, 1795, primarily on account of an intercepted dispatch of the French ilin- ister Fauchet, which led to charges being brought against him reflecting on his honor. Jlost of these charges have in recent years been effectually dis- proved. Returning to his home, he became the leader of the Virginia bar, and in 1807 helped defend Aaron Burr against the charge of treason. He wrote a History of 'vrgiiiia, which, though never published, has been nuich used in manu- script by other historians. He also WTote (and published): A Titidication of Mr. Randolph's Resignation (1795); and ])amphlets, entitled Democratic Societies (1795) and Political Truth (1796). He was one of the ablest speakers and one of the foremost lawyers of his time. Consult Conway, Omitted Chapters of History Disclosed in the Life and Papers of Edmund Randolph (New York, 1888).

RANDOLPH, John, of Roanoke (1773- 1833). An American statesman, born at Caw- sons in Chesterfield County, Va., June 2, 1773; died in Philadelphia, .June 24, 1833. He was descended from an old and wealthy Virginia family, and boasted that the Indian princess Pocahontas was one of his ancestors. Educated at Princeton and Columbia colleges, he began the practice of law, l)ut in 1799 he was elected to Congress, where he became distinguished for his eloquence, wit, sarcasm, invective, and eccen- tricity. At a very early stage in his career he was the Democratic-Republican leader of the House of Representatives. He denounced the settlement of the Yazoo land dispute effected by Madison and Gallatin. In 1804 he introduced a resolution impeaching Justice Samuel Chase (q.v. ) and was the foremost prosecutor in the famous trial in the following year. He ultimately broke with Jefferson, and lost his influence, al- though as a free lance and a hurler of invectives he never ceased to be feared. He opposed the War of 1812. and the Missouri Compromise, and stigmatized the Northern members who voted for the latter as 'doughfaces.' In 1822 and 1824 he visited England, where his eccentricities attract- ed much notice. In 1825 he began his two years' service as Senator from Virginia, and fought his famous duel with Henry Clay. In 1830 he was appointed Jlinister to Russia, and gave nuich oc- casion for scandal by his short stay and heavy demands on the Treasury. By his will he manu- mitted his 318 slaves, and provided for their maintenance in a free state. In some respects full justice has never been done to Randolph's intel- lect. He was not merely a well-read man and possessed of a good style, as appears from his Lette-rs to a Young Relative (18.34) and many of his speeches in Congress, nor was he simply an unparalleled master of invective: he was al-n a far-sighted statesman, who foresaw the direction American politics would take with regard to the question of slavery, and outlined the policy of Southern defense afterwards taken up by Cal- hoini and his followers. He was considered a Virginian of Virginians, upon whom young South- ern extremists modeled themselves. Consult Lives of him by Garland (New York, 1850) ; by Adams,