Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 16.djvu/611

* PUG. 533 PTIGHE. compact in form, with well-knit proportions and well-developed muscles. In color he is (in the ordinary variety) fawn all over, except on the muzzle or "mask.' the eais, the moles on his cheeks, the 'thumb-mark' or "diamond' on his forehead, and his back trace, which should all be as black as possible. His face is deeply wrin- kled, and he carries his tail curled as tightly as possible over his hips. His coat must be short, smooth, soft, and glossy, neither hard nor woolly. The 'black pug' differs only in color ; he is entirely black. PtJG. A demon in human form in Ben Jon- son's comedy The Deiil's an Ass, a mischievous creature resembling Shakespeare's Puck. PXJGATCHEFF, poo'ga-chef, Yemelyan IvANOViTCii (c. 1720-75). A leader of a great pop- ular uprising in Russia, known as Pugatchefsh- tchiiia. He was a Cossack of the Don, and fought against the Prussians in the Seven Years' War, and in the campaign against Turkey in 1769. On his return he was arrested for helping his brother-in-law to escape across the Don. Fearing punishment, he ran away to the Cossacks of the Terek, where he lieard persistent rumors that Peter III. was still alive. Strikingly resembling the murdered Czar in personal appearance, he pre- tended to be that sovereign, and declared his pur- pose of reasserting his right to the crown and of dethroning Catharine II. He issued a proclama- tion in the name of Peter III. in 1773, and in the same year the rebellion began. He attached to his cause the Raskolniks, whose religion he em- braced, and won over several Finnish and Tatar tribes, and a large number of the peasantry. Af- ter the capture of many fortresses on the Ural and the Don, Orenburg among them, he marched against iloscow, but was sold by some of his companions for 100.000 rubles. After trial he was executed in iloseow. His insurrection is said to have cost 100,000 lives. PtJGET, pu'zha', Pierre (1622-94). A French sculptor, painter, and architect; born proba- bly near Marseilles. At the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to a wood-carver named Roman, employed in the decoration of ships, and at about eighteen he went to Florence and soon after to Rome. His great natural ability attracted the attention of Pietro da Cortona. the famous painter and decorator, whose assistant he became. Bernini and Algardi were then in full career, and Puget was thus from the first subjected to the powerful influence of the Italian Decadence. Beginning with 16.50, he appears to have devoted himself almost exclusively to painting pictures for the churches of Marseilles and other cities of Southern France. He was a painter of con- siderable ability. In style, of course, he followed the decadent Italian school, but he also was influenced by the work of Van Dyck. There is record of fifty-six pictures by him, nineteen of which are still in existence, including three por- traits of himself. His first important works in stone are the famous pair of male caryatids ( 1657) on the por- tal of the facade of the Hotel de Ville at Toulon. In this work a familiar Italian motive is treated with supreme originality and power. In 1659 he went to Paris and made three fine figures for the Chateau of Vaudreuil. in Normandy. He attracted the attention of Fouquet, whQ en- gaged him to assist in the decoration of his new chateau at Vaux-le-Vicomte. In 1660 he went to Genoa and made for Fouquet his cele- brated statue of "L'Hercule gaulois," now in the Louvre. The next seven years in Genoa were the most successful of his entire career. For Frances- co Sauli he made statues of Saint Ambrose and Saint Sebastian in the Church of Santa Maria di Carignano, the former being especially fine. He made also a statue of the "Conception" in the Albergo de' Poveri ( leO-t), the great altar of the Church of the Theatines (finished 1670), and probably assisted J. B. Carlone in painting the dome of this church. After 1608 Puget seems to have divided his time between Marseilles, Tou- lon, and Genoa. He was continually employed by the French Government in the decoration of ships until the example of the English na-y brought about the abandonment of such work. In Mar- seilles Puget played a large role in the projected reconstruction of the old city. Several important streets were laid out by him, and he is credited with a large number of buildings which show the influence of Genoese architecture. The reputa- tion of Puget rests chiefly upon two powerful works which were executed during this period — the statue of Milo of Crotona and the great bas- relief of Alexander and Diogenes, both in the Louvre. Consult: Leon Lagrange, Pierre Puget, pein- teur, scuipteur, architecte, the leading biography (Paris, 1808) ; Emeric-David, Histoire de la sculpture frariQaise (ib., 1872) ; Rioux-Maillon, '"Pierre Puget decorateur," in Revue des arts decoratifs, vol. ii. PTJGET (pu'jet) SOUND. A large, irregular, and many -branched inlet, extendingover 100 miles into the northwestern part of the State of Wash- ington (Map: Washington, CI). From the junc- tion of the Straits of Georgia and .Juan de Fuca. which separate Vancouver Island from the mainland, Puget Sound proper extends south- ward, and divides into two main branches. Hood's Canal in the west and the Admiralty Inlet in the east. The latter ends in a maze of branching fiords, on one of which stands Olympia, the State capital. The shores were originally covered with forests, but have been largely denuded by exten- sive lumbering. Still the mountains in the back- ground make it one of the most picturesque bodies of water in the United States. The tem- perature of the Sound water is cool, coming as it does from melting snow, especially through the Eraser River. As a result the summer heat of the surrounding country is very much tempered. The depth ranges from ISO to 925 feet. The absence of shoals, the abundance of harbors, and the deep penetration into the country, peculiarly adapt it to commerce. Port Townsend, Seattle, and Tacoma are situated on its shores. PUGHE, pQ. WiLLi.M Owen (1759-18.35). A Welsh antiquary. He was born in Wales, but at the age of seventeen went to London, where he studied Welsh literature. After assisting Owen Jones in editing Welsh poems, he was asso- ciated (1801-07) with him and with Edward Williams in publishing the Myvyrian Archaiol- ogrj of ^Valcs. Between 1793 and 1803 he pub- lished The Welsh and English Dictionarg. con- taining 100.000 words (reedited 1806, 1832. and 1857), which, though not trustworthy in matters of etymology, is very complete and has excellent