Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 16.djvu/447

* PRIAM. 385 PRICE. take .inj- active part in the Trojan War; and in Homer, only once appear.s on the field of battle to ratify the truce before the duel of Paris and Menelaus. He, however, takes part in Trojan councils, and after the death of Hector visits the Grecian camp, guided by Hermes, to ransom the body of liis son from Achilles. The later epics recounted his death at the capture of the city in somev.hat different ways. The usual account represents him as slain by Pyrrhus, son of Achilles, in his own palace court at the altar of Zeus Herkeios, where he had taken refuge, after a feeble attempt at resistance. PRIA'PUS (Lat., from Gk. Hp/an-of, Priapos, Upiij-o;, Piicpus). One of the lesser figures in the ordinary Greek and Roman mythologii', though at Lampsacus. Cyzicus. and otliVr places in the fertile districts on the Hellespont and Propontis he was lield in high honoi-. The Lampsacene tradition called him son of Dionysus and Aphrodite, but liis parentage was variously related. He was a god of fruitfulness and re- production, particularly of gardens and vine- yards, though his protection was also extended to the flocks and herds. In art he was some- times represented as old and effeminate, clothed in Asiatic garb, a kerchief on his head, and with the folds of his garment held up and filled with fruit. Jlore conniioiily his image was set up in gardens and vineyards to scare away birds and thieves. The character of these images led to many coarse jests in the poets and elsewhere. The Priapea is a collection of 80 short Latin poems, partly collected from the walls of the Temple of Priapus, and for the most part ap- parently not later than the Augustan age. Edited by Biicheler, Petronius. etc. (3d ed., Berlin, 1894). PfelBRAM, przhe'bram, or PRZIBRAM. A town of the Crownland of Bohemia. Austria. 33 miles soutliwest of Prague (Map: Austria. D 2). It derives its importance from extensive lead and silver mines in the neighborhood, the largest in the Empire. They were worked as early as 1330, and since 1819 have been mainly the property of the Government. One of the shafts, the Albert- schacht, is about 3400 feet deep. Close to the town is the Heilige Berg, a shrine visited by more than 100.000 pilgrims yearlv. Population, in 1900. ]3,.57tj. mostly Bohemians. PRIBER, pre'bar', C'iiristi.x. A French Jesuit who came among the Clierokee in 173U and settled at Great Tellico town, in wliat is now- East Tennessee. He at once set to work stud.ying the Cherokee langtiage, compiling a dictionary and grammar, and adapting liimself to the native dress and mode of life for the time, in order better to accomplish their civilization and con- version. He drew up for their adoption a regular form of government modeled tipon the European plan, with a prominent chief as principal ruler anil himself as secretary. Fearing that the result would be to win over the Cherokee to the French interest, the English Government of South Caro- lina undertook to arrest him. but the Indians refused to give him up. and the commissioner was obliged to return under .safe-conduct of an escort furnished by Priber. In 1741, however, he was seized by some Ejiglish traders while journeying in Alabama and sent as a prisoner to Frederica in Georgia, where he soon afterwards died in prison. PRIBYLOV, prebe-lof. PRIBILOFF (or Seal) ISLANDS. A group of small volcanic islands in Bering Sea, belonging to the United States, 200 miles northwest of Unalaska, Alaska (Map; Arctic Regions, A 5). They aggregate 170 square miles in area. Saint Paul and .Saint tieorge being the largest. They are perfectly isolated and surrounded by fog, which causes the fur-seal to select these grounds for the pur- pose of breeding, so that these islands are the principal centre of the Bering Sea seal fisheries. They have about 400 permanent inhabitants. PRICE, BoXAMY (1807-88). An English economist. He graduated at Worcester College, Oxford, in 1829, tauglit from 1830 to 1850 at Rugby, and from 18G8 until his death held the Drummond professorship of political economy at Oxford. He was an earnest advocate of the principles of free trade, and, in a series of lectures delivered in the United States ( 1874), he gave vigorous expression to his opinion on the subject. His publications include: The Prin- ciples of Cnrrencii (1809) : Currency and Bank- iiifi (1876); and Practical Political Economy (1878). PRICE, Ika Maurice (1856—). An Ameri- can educator, born near Xewark, Ohio. He grad- uated at Denison University in 1879. and for a year was professor of Greek and modern lan- guages at the University of Des IMoines — now Des !Moine College — in Iowa. He was professor of Hebrew and cognate languages in the Baptist Union Theological Senimary in 1888-92, and then associate professor of the Semitic language and literature in the Graduate School of the Uni- versity of Chicago. His works include: An Intro- duction into the Inscriptions Discovered bji .1/0)1,5. E. de Sarzec (1887), and fiyllabus of Old Testament History (1891). PRICE, .Jonx (1600-C.1G76). An English scholar, born in London. He studied at Christ Church, Oxford, and in 1635 attracted the atten- tion of .scholars by his edition of Apuleius's Apolofiia. Subsequently lie held the Greek chair at Pisa, and still later was at Rome tinder the patronage of Cardinal Barberini. He was generally ranked among the foremost scholars of the time, this estimate being based for the most part on his work in Apuleius. Other publications by him are the Metamorphoses of Apuleius (KioO), and numerous biblical commentaries, particu- larly on New Testament books, whose value is impaired by unwarranted emendations. PRICE, Laxgford Lovell ( 1862— ) . An Eng- lish economist and author, born in London. He was educated at Trinity College. Oxford, in 188S became fellow and treasurer of Oriel, and was Xewmarch lecturer in statistics at University College. London, in 1895-96. In 1897 he became governor of Dulwich College, and in 1898 was appointed an examiner in the moral sciences tripos at Cambridge. His publications include: Inilustrial Peace (1887) : Economic Science and Practice (1896); A Short History of English Commerce and Industry ( 1900) ; and other works on subjects of political economy. PRICE, Richard (1723-91). A British non- conformist divine, author, and political and moral economist. He was born at Tynton. Wales, the son of a dissenting minister of stern Cal- vinistic tendencies. He completed his education