Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 16.djvu/424

* PRENTICE. 362 PREPOSITION. paragraphs, edited by himself, appeared in 1860 as I'reniiceana (lev.ed. 1870). Prentice was a vigorous opponent, and was so frequently in- volved in duels as to beeorae a subject of jest. He was antagonistic to secession, and it is said that his editorials had an important inllucnce in keep- ing Kentucky from withdrawing from the Union. He pul)lishcd in the Journal considerable verse, later edited by Piatt (Cincinnati, 1870). He also eontril)uted for some time a column of 'Wit and Humor' to Bonner's New York Ledger. H6 re- tired from the editorship of the Journal in 1867. Consult the sketch by Piatt, in the edition of the Poems above referred to, and Watterson, Me- morial Address (Cincinnati, 1870). PREN'TISS,P.EX.TAMIN-:lAYBrRY ( 1819-1001). An American soldier, born at Belleville, Va. (now V. Va.). In 1841 he settled in Quincy, 111., and three years later he became first lieutenant of a militia company, organized to aid in quelling the ilormon disturbances. He served during the Mexican War as a captain of volunteers, and at the outbreak of the Civil War organized a com- pany which he ofl'ered to the Federal Govern- ment. Soon afterwards he was appointed colonel of the Seventh Illinois, and on May 17, 1801, was promoted to the rank of lu-igadier-general of vol- unteers, and was given command of Cairo, then one of the five principal military centres of the Union. In September, however, he was succeeded by General Grant. On December 28, 1801, he defeated the Confederates at Mount Zion. On April 3, 1802, he joined Grant at Shiloh and was given Qommand of the new Sixth Division, com- posed of raw troops. This division with that of Sherman occupied the most exposed position, and upon them fell the unexpected onslaught of the Confederates on April 6th. After making a cred- itable resistance General Prentiss and the greater part of his division surrendered. He was ex- changed in October, and the next month was commissioned a major-general of volunteers, while attending the court-martial called to try Fitz John Porter (q.v.). On July 3, 1803, while com- manding at Helena, Ark., he repulsed an attack by a superior force of Confederates under Gen- erals T. H. Holmes and Sterling Price. On Oc- tober 28, 1803, he resigned his commission. PRENTISS, CiEORGE Lewis 1 1816-1903). An American clergyman. He was born at Gorham, Me., graduated at Bowdoin College in 1835, and taught for a year in Gorham Academy. Follow- ing this he went abroad and spent two years at the universities of Halle and Berlin. After a period in England, he returned to America and became pastor of the South Trinitarian Church, New Bedford, Mass., in 1845. From 1851 to 1858 he was pastor of the Mercer Street Presbyterian Church, New York, resigning to seek health by foreign travel. In 1860 he began the organiza- tion of the Murray Hill Church of the Covenant, New York, and served as its pastor from 1802 to 1873. when he was made professor of pastoral theology. Church polity, and mission work in Union Theological Seminary. In 1890 he became professor emeritus. His most important pub- ii.shed work is The Union Theological Seminary in the City of ifeiv York, Historical and Bio- graphical Sketches of Its First Fifty Years (1889), and a supplementary chapter dealing with the history of the veto power of the General Assembly over the election of professors of Union Seminary and its application to Dr. Charles A. Briggs, entitled The Agreement Between Union Seminary (^d the Ueneral Assembly (1891). His wife, EuzAiiETH Payson Prentiss (1818-78), was born in Portland, jle., a daughter of the Rev. Edward Payson. She was educated in Portland and Ipswich, taught school for a few years, and was married to Dr. Prentiss in 1845. She was the author of books for children and several popu- lar religious works, the most important of which was Stepping Heavenward (first published serial- ly in the Chicago Advance, 1809). Her life and letters were published by her husband (New York, 1882). PRENTISS, Seargent Smith (1808-50). An American lawyer and orator, born in Portland, Me. At the age of nineteen he graduated at Bow- doin College, and then settled in Natcliez, Miss. Here he supported himself for two j'ears by pri- vate tutoring, and at the same time studied in a law office. He was admitted to the bar in 1829, and his keen intellect and unusual oratorical ability made him at once successful. In 1832 he removed to Vicksburg, where he soon became very influential. In 1835 he was elected to the State Legislature by the Whigs, and two years later was returned to Congress, but was unseated. He was reelected, however, in the following year, and this time was allowed to serve. In 1840 he made speeches in many parts of the country in sup- port of W. H. Harrison, but withdrew from politics in 1842, and thereafter took but little l)art in public affairs save in opposing the repudiation of the State debt. In 1845. hav- ing by an unfavorable legal decision lost much of his property, he removed to New Orleans and practiced with success in that city. Of his speeches, which were much admired by such contemporaries as Edward Everett and Dan- iel Webster, only a few have been preserved. His life was written by his brother, George Lewis Prentiss (2 vols.. New York, 1855 and 1870). Consult, also. Lynch, Bench and Bar of Missis- sippi (New York, 1881). PRENZLATJ, prents'lou, or PRENZLOW. A town in the Province of Brandenburg, Prussia, on the L'cker and the Lower Ucker Lake, 58 miles north-northeast of Berlin (Map: Prussia, E 2). Among its churcires is the handsome Gothic Saint Mary's, built of brick. The town has a gymna- sium and a teachers' seminary. Sugar, cigars, machinery, woolen yarn, leather, oleomargarine, and finished wood products are manufactured. Prenzlau is first mentioned in the twelfth cen- tury, and was the capital of the Ucker Mark. It is noted as the scene of the surrender of the Prussians under Hohenlohe to the French imder Murat in 1806. Population, in 1890, 18,019; in 1900, 20,228. PREPARATION (Lat. preeparatio, from pra-parare. to make ready beforehand, from prw, before + pa rare, to make ready). A term in music applied to the introduction of dissonances. According to the older theorists no dissonance could be introduced witliout being prepared, i. e. the note forming a dissonance had to occur in the preceding chord and in the same part as a not* of harmony. IModern composers are very free with the introduction of dissonances. See Con- sonance; Dissonance. PREPOSITION (Lat. prmpositio, from prce- ponere, to place before, from prw, before +