Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 15.djvu/477

PASINI. He was awarded tlic undal uf honor at the Paris Exposition of ISIS. An excelleut example of his work is the "Eutrance to a ilosque,' in the Metropolitan Jluseum, Xew" York City.

PASIPHAE, pa-sif'a-G (Lat., from Gk. Uan,- (pcii/). In Greek mytliology, the daughter of Helios and sister of C'iree. She was the wife of Minos, but, in consequence of his neglect to per- form a certain vow, Poseidon rendered her enamored of a bull, and she became the mother of the Jlinotaur. See iliNos ; Minotaur.

PASITH'EA (Lat., from Gk. Xlaw$ia). The wife of Hypnos, and one of the Graces. PASKEVITCH, pas-ka'vich, Ivan Feodoko- viTCii. fount of Erivan, Prince of Warsaw ( 1782- 1850). A Russian licld-marslial, born at Poltava. He belonged to a Polish family, was a page of the Emperor Paul, and, entering the army in 1800, sei'ved in the campaign of Austerlitz. He fought subsequently against the Turks. He was also actively engaged in the campaign of 1812, was present at the battle of Leipzig in 1813, and par- ticiiiated in the conllicts under the walls of Paris. In 1820 he gained a great victory over the Persians under Abbas ilirza at Velizavctpol and in the following year conquered Persian Armenia and captured Erivan. He obtained for Russia the advantageous Peace of Turkniantchai ( 1828) . For these services he was created Count of Erivan. In 1828 and 1829 he made two cam- paigns against the Turks in Asia, taking Kars, Erzerum, and other important places. In 1831 Paskevitch, now a field-marshal, succeeded Die- bitsch as commander of the Russian ftuces in Poland ; he put an end to the revolt within three months after his appointment, taking War- saw after a desperate resistance, Septend)cr 8, 1831. He was made Governor-General of Poland, and such was the vigor and severity of his rule that the eventful year of 1848 passed without any attempt at revolution. When Russian inter- vention in Hungary had been resolved U]ion in 1840, Paskevitch marched into that country at the head of 200.000 men. The Hungarian I'nain army, unable to make head against the double foe, laid down its arms at Vilagos, August 13th. In 1854 Paskevitch took the command of the Russian army on the Danube : but after an un- successful siege of Silistria he resigned his com- mand and retired to Warsaw, where he died, February 13, 1856.

PASMA (Neo-Lat., from Gk. Trdafui, a sprink- ling, from iroufffH', jjassciH, to sprinkle). Anon- officinal healing powder, which is regarded as very serviceable in burns, ulcers, excoriations, etc. It is composed of 30 parts of silica, 12 of magnesia, of alumina, 2 of protoxide of iron, ami 50 of starch from the olgra root. The name is also applied to a paste or salve, or to a poul- tice.

PAS'PALTJM (Xeo-Lat.. from Gk. ^da-aAoc, p<ispalos. sort of millet, from ;ruf, pas, all + Tvd?.7/. pale, meal). A genus of numerous species of grasses, natives of warm climates, with soli- tary or vari(nisly grouped spikes, one-flowered spikelets, and awnless paleie. Pnspaliim scrohi- culatum, the cereal koda, cultivated in India, grows in dry loose soils. PaspaUim exile Is called fundi (see Fu.x'Di) or fundungi in West Africa, where it is similarly cultivated. Pas- pahiin racemosum is a very important fodder- grass in the coast districts of Peru during the dry months of February and Jlarch. It has been in- troduced into France; but it is apt to be injured by frosts, and seldom ripens its seeds in the neighborhqod of Paris. Several perennial spe- cies are indigenous in the Southern L'nited States, where they are highly appreciated as fodder and pasture grass. They liave some of the cliai- acteristics of Bermuda grass (q.v. ). raspuhmi coiiiprcssum (or Paspalum platicaule of some botanists), commonly known as Louisiana grass, is considered an excellent lawn grass for t)ie Southern States, being superior to Bermuda and less dilHcult to eradicate.

PASPATIS, pas-pa'tis, Alexandros Georgios (1814'J1). A modern Greek historian, born on the island of Seio. He was enslaved in 1822, but was manumitted in Smyrna, came to the United States, and graduated at Ainherst in 1831. He studied medicine at Paris and Pisa, and, after many years' practice in Constantinople, became professor in the University of Athens in 1878. He wrote: Etudes stir les Tchinr/hian^s ou Bo- hcinitiis de Vonpire ottoman (1870): The Eii'i- lish Version of the Jfevised Xew Testament (1882); The Great Palace of Constantinople (trans, from the Greek by Jletcalfe. 18!I3) ; ami various works in Greek, of which the most im- portant is on the capture of Constantinople by the Turks in 14.53 (1890).

PASQUE-FLOWER (OF. prtSf/»c, Fr. pdyiie, Easter, from Lat. pascha, Gk. iraa-xn, Easter, from Heb. pesaeh, a jiassing over, Pass- over, from pasach, to pass over), Anem- one. A genus of per- ennial silky herbs of the natural order Ra- nunculaccic, by some botanists separated into the genus Pul- satilla, the chief dis- tinguishing charac- teristic being the long featherv awns of the fruit. The common pasque-flow- er {Anemone Pulsa- tilla) is a native of Europe, with widely b e 1 l-shapcd bluish- puri)le flowers, the petals of which are often used to color Easter eggs. Anem- one pratensis has smaller and more perfectly bell-shaped blackish-purple flow- ers. These plants emit, when bruised, a pungent smell, due to an essential oil. Anemone patens is acrid and is said to blister the skin occasionally. Anemone patens Nuttalliana, the American pasque-flower, occurs abundantly from Illinois northward and westward.

PASQUIEE, pa'skya', EtieNne (1529-1615). A French jurist and author. He early studied law under the ablest jurists of France and Italy,

PASQUE-FLOWER (ADemone PuIsatiUa).