Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 14.djvu/50

* MORTON. a determined will, ami liigli exetiirtve ability, and was an orator of grL-at jjopiilurily and force. An admirable bioj;rai)liy has been written by W. D. i'oulke (2 vols., Indianapolis, 181)9). MORTON, S.MiEL Georoe (1790-18.51). An Airicricaii physician and natural scientist. He was born in Philadelphia. He became a stu- dent of medicine under Dr. .Joseph Parrish, and was assisted in his studies by Dr. Richard Har- lan, the natural historian, from whom he im- bibed the stron-? taste for general science which always distinguished him. He became a doctor of medicine in 1820, and after three years of EuroiK'an study received a degree from Kdin- burgli Iniversity. In 1824 he began practice in Philadelphia, and soon attained a prominent posi- tion. In 1839 he was appointed professor of anatomy in the Pennsylvania College at Phila- delphia, which chair he continued to fill until 1S4.'J. Besides his contributions to medical litera- ture Morton was always engaged in general scientific investigation and writing. While abroad he studied the geology of Scotland, and on his return jjresented to the Academy of Sci- ence a collection of the greenstone rocks of Scot- land. In 1827 he published an Aniih/sis of Tubu- lar Spar from liuclcs Count ii, and in the succeed- ing j'ear some Heoloyical Obsrrfations. He was besides an ethnologist of wide fame, and pos- sessed an immense collection of skulls from all races of the world. His medical works are: II- lii.ttrntinns of Pulmonriri; Coii.iiimption (Philadel- phia, 1834) ; an American edition of Mackin- tosh's Principlm of Pdtlwloqy and Prnclice of Phi/sic (Philadelphia. 1830) {An [Iliislratcd %s- tem of Human Anaiomif (Philadelphia. 1839); and Crania Americana (Philadelphia, 1839). MORTON, Thomas ( ir)04-10.59). An English prelate, born in York, and educated at Cam- bridge. He was ordained a deacon in 1.592, and became chaplain to Lord Huntingdon. Tpon the death of Elizabeth he became chaplain to the Earl of Rutland. In his first work. Apologia Callwlica (1005). he defended the Church of England and attacked the Jesuits, which he con- tinued to do throughout his life. A royal chap- lain, he was also successively Bishop of Chester, of Lichfield and Coventry, and of Dur- ham. In 1041 he was mobbed by the jwople anil was one of the twelve l)ishps impeached by the Parliament for high treason. Jlorton suf- fered four months' imprisonment and never re- sumed his seat in the House of Lords. His works include: A Treatise of the Threefolde Stale of Man (1.506); An Exact Discoverie of Romish Doctrine (1605) ; .1 Catholic Appeal for Protes- tants (IfilO); The firand Imposture of the Church of Rome (1028) ; The Xecessiti/ of Chris- tian Subjection (1643) : and A Treatise of the Xnlurr of God (1600). MORTON, TnoMAS (c. 1.590- 1646). An Eng- lish adventurer, by profession an attorney. He visited Xew Enghiiid with Weston's expedition in 1022: and in 1025 he returned with Captain Wolliiston's colony, which settled at Mount Wol- laston. within the present limits of Quincv. Mass. After Wolliiston's departure to 'irginia the next year. Morton ousted Fitcher. who had been left in charge, and changed the name of the settlement to Mare-Mount or Merrv-Atount. He began to trade with the Indians, and the settlement be- came the rendezvous for the reckless and disso- 38 MORTON. lute. In 1027 he erected a .May-pole eighty feet high, and the revels lasted for days. hen this and the fact that he was supplying the Indians with firearms in defiance of Kiug .James's proela- maliou of 1022 became known at Plymouth, a remonstrance was sent to him. In 1028 he was captured by Capt. Allies Standish and sent back to England with charges. There he ingratiated himself with Sir Ferdinaudo Ciorges. Meanwhile Endecott visited Meriy-MounI, cut down the May-pole, and renamed the place ilount Dagon. In 1029 Morton returned to Plymouth and to ilerry-Mouut. In 1030 he was "again arrested after several luisuceessful attempts, and was placed in the stocks, while his house was burned, and his property seized, on a charge of disorderly conduct and oppression of the Indians. When sent to England he again joined the (Jorges claim- ants and furnished much information against the Massachusetts Colony. hen the New England Council surrendered its charter in 1035 and di- vided the territory, Morton was appointed solici- tor to press the confirmation of the deeds and the revocation of the Alassachusetts charter. Only want of money prevented the destruction of the colony. In 1037 lie published the yew English Canaan, which had probably been written in 1034-35. The first ])art is an account of the In- dians, the second a description of the country, and the third a confused, somewhat humorous ac- count of the "precise separatists' of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay. In 1043 he again appeared in Plymouth, and remained through the winter. He then appeared in Maine and Rhode Islands In 144 he was captured by the Massachusetts authorities, kept in jirison a year, and fined £100 on charce of having made a complaint of the colonies to the council. He was released with- out payment of the fine, and died in Maine. Morton's life and his settlement at Merry-Mount form the subject of .John Lothrop Motlev's novels. Morion's Hope (1839) and Mcrrji-Mouiit (1849), and one of Hawthorne's short stories is entitled The Maypole of Merrg-Mount. Motley's book has been reprinted with an elaborate memoir and full notes by C. !•'. Adams, .Ir., in the "Prince Society Publications" (Boston, 1883). Consult -Adams. 7'7ircr Episodes in Massachusetts Bis- torg (Boston. 1892). MORTON, WirxiAM James (1845—). An American physician, son of William T. O. Mor- ton, the introducer of ether ana'sthe^ia. He was born in Boston. Massi., educated at the Boston Latin School, and graduated at Harvard in 1807. He engaged in teaching for a year, and then en- tered the Harvard Medical School, where he graduated in 1872, taking the Boylston prize for his thesis on .Xna-stheties. After a hospital experience he engaged in practice in Bar Har- bor. Maine, and in Boston. From 1873 to 187-4 he pur'^ucd his studies at Vienna, going from there to Kinibcrlcv, in South Africa, where he built up a large practice and engaged in diamond mining. After two more years of European sturly he returned to America and sehled in Xew York. Here he was for a time editor of the Journal of Xcrrous and Mental Diseases; was adjunct professor of nervous diseases at the New York Post-fJiaduate Jledical School from 1882 to 1885: neurologist to the Xew York Infant .syliim from 1887 to 1890. Since 1800 he has been professor of nervous diseases and electro-