Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 14.djvu/294

NASH. was mortally wounded by a cannon ball, and was buried at Kulpsville.  NASH, Sir (1752-1835). An English architect. He was born in London, and was a pupil of Sir Robert Taylor. After qualifying as an architect, he spent many years in building speculations, and did not, until 1792, return to London and architecture, in which he speedily rose to eminence. He designed numerous mansion-houses for the nobility and gentry in England and Ireland, but he is chiefly celebrated in connection with the great street improvements in London, especially in the Marylebone region, which he helped to transform into Regent's Park. Regent Street, Haymarket Theatre, Langham Place Church, Park Square, and the terraces in Regent's Park are specimens of his designs. The pavilion at Brighton is another of his works. He died at East Cowes, Isle of Wight, May 13, 1835. Nash, notwithstanding his many defects, possessed great power of effective grouping, as may be seen in Buckingham Palace.  NASH, (1809-78). An English water-color painter and lithographer, born at Great Marlow, Buckinghamshire. He is principally known by his water-colors and lithographs, illustrating late Gothic architecture and domestic interiors. His publications include Architecture of the Middle Ages (1838) and Mansions of England in the Olden Time (1839-49). He also did some views of Windsor Castle. There are sketches by him in the Victoria and Albert Museum, South Kensington.  NASH, (1674-1762). An English society leader, better known as ‘Beau Nash;’ born at Swansea. In 1692 he entered Jesus College, Oxford, but he left before finishing his course, and after a very brief career in the army, entered as a student of law at the Inner Temple in 1693. There he quickly became conspicuous for his good manners, his taste in dress, and his high living. His income being insufficient to meet his demands, he eked it out by gambling and by performing for large wagers such risqué exploits as riding naked through a village on a cow. It was the former occupation that in 1705 took him to Bath, then newly become a fashionable watering place. Here was his opportunity. Bath was then a rude little village filled to overflowing with fashionable people who were compelled to pay extravagant rates for miserable lodgings, whose only dancing place was the bowling green, and whose card and tea rooms were canvas tents. Nash set himself to change all this, and in a short time he had succeeded not only in building an assembly house, in procuring decent lodgings, and in reducing the insolent sedan-chair men to humility, but also in making himself the social autocrat of the place. He drew up a set of rules which were enforced on high and low; he practically abolished dueling, and he even assumed the duty of improving the country roads in the neighborhood. During these years his income, principally derived from his partnership in gambling houses and his own skill as a gamester, was large, and he lived in a style befitting ‘the King of Bath.’ But in 1740 gambling came under the ban of the law, and though Nash managed for a time to evade yielding obedience, new regulations in 1715 left him practically without resources. In this plight, the town, which owed so much to

him, came to his rescue with a pension of £10 a month, and on this he lived until his death. Nash owed but little of his popularity to physical attraction, for, according to Goldsmith, he was large and clumsy, and his features were “harsh, strong, and peculiarly irregular.” But he did have “assiduity, flattery, fine clothes, and as much wit as the ladies he addressed.” Consult Goldsmith, Life of Richard Nash (London, 1762).  NASH, (1567-1601). An English pamphleteer, born at Lowestoft, Suffolk, in 1567. He graduated B.A. from Saint John's College, Cambridge, in 1586; traveled in France and Italy; settled in London as an author in 1588; and died obscurely in 1601. His first publication was a sharp review of the state of letters, prefixed to Greene's Menaphon (1589). It was followed by a pamphlet in similar vein entitled Anatomy of Absurdities (1589). Nash now entered the (q.v.), writing abusive satires on the Puritans. He also violently attacked Gabriel Harvey in Have With You to Saffron Walden (1596). Of more general interest are his satirical sketches of contemporary manners: Pierce Penniless, His Supplications to the Devil (1592); The Terrors of the Night (1594); Lenten Stuff (1599); and the picaresque novel called The Unfortunate Traveler, or Jack Wilton (1594). This last work was the sternest piece of realism that had yet appeared in English fiction. Nash also wrote a comedy entitled Summer's Last Will and Testament (printed 1600), and had a hand with Marlowe in The Tragedy of Queen Dido (printed 1594). Nash was given to outright speech and sarcastic mirth. He was well read and avowed himself the disciple of Pietro Aretino. He also knew Brant's Narrenschiff and the works of Rabelais, as well as English poets, such as Surrey and Spenser. Izaak Walton aptly described Nash as “the master of a scoffing, satirical, and merry pen.” Consult his Complete Works, ed. by Grosart (6 vols., London, 1883-85).  NASHUA,. An important manufacturing city and one of the county-seats of Hillsboro County, N. H., 40 miles northwest of Boston, Mass.; on the Nashua River, near its junction with the Merrimac, and on several divisions of the Boston and Maine Railroad (Map;, J 10). It has a public library, a United States Fish Hatchery, and Saint Francis Xavier Church (Roman Catholic), one of the finest church edifices in the State. A canal, 3 miles long, 60 feet wide, and 8 feet deep, leading from the Nashua River, furnishes excellent water power for huge cotton mills. The manufactures include iron and steel, stationary engines, edge tools, furniture, cotton goods, cards and glazed paper, shoes, refrigerators, ice-cream freezers, registers, sash, doors, and blinds, kits and caskets, boxes, saddlery and hardware, shears and clippers, etc. The government is administered, under the original charter of incorporation (1853), by a mayor, chosen every two years, and a bicameral council, which elects the majority of municipal officers. The school board is independently elected on a general ticket by the people. Population, in 1890, 19,311; in 1900, 23,898. Settled in 1655, Nashua was incorporated as the township of Dunstable by Massachusetts in 1673, was reincorporated by