Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 14.djvu/17

* MOBISON. views and their followers, he formed the Evan- gelical Union (q.v.). At the same time he estab- lished a theological academy, of which he con- tinued principal till his death. He was pastor first of Kilmarnock, and from 1853 to 1884 in Glasgow, where he died. Xovemhcr 13. 1893; Consult his Life by A. Adamson (London, 1898). MOEISON, James Augustus Cotter (1832- 88) English author, born in London, His childhood was spent in Paris (1834-40), and he gained an intimate knowledge of French. An Oxford graduate (1859), he wrote for tlie Satiir- dau Recieic, and in 1863 brought out a Life of Saint Bernard, followed by sketclies of Gihbon (1878), Macaulay (1882), and Mine, de Mam- tenon (1885), while his last work. The Service of Man: An Essai/ Towards the Ueliyion of tho Future ( 1880), was the outcome of his Positivist beliefs. Morison was a founder and joint owner of the Fortnightly Review. MORISON, Robert (1620-83). A British botanist, born at Aberdeen. He graduated at the university of his native city in 1038. but the next vear, having taken up arms in the Royalist cause', he was compelled to flee to France. There he studied anatomv. zoology, botany. mineralog'. and chemistry, and in 1648 took the degree of MD at Angers. A year or two later Gaston, Duke of Orleans, appointed him one of his physicians, a position which he held until the biike's death in 1660. and in which he made such a reputation that after the Restoration Charles II. appointed him his senior physician, Kings botanist, and superintendent of all the royal gardens. In 1609 he became professor of botany at Oxford. His great service to botany was in classification, in wliieh connection Franchet says of him that his works make an epoch in botanical literature. Among these are: Prce- ludia Bolanica (1609); Plantarum Umhelhfer- arum Distribiitio y'ova (1672); and Plantarum Historim Universalis Oxoniensis, Pars Secunda (1080). Consult: Pulteney, Sketches of the Progress of Botaiii/ (London, 1790) : Tournefort, EUments de botnmqne (Lyons, 1797; in Latin, Paris, 1700) ; and Franchet, Flore de Loir-et- Cher. MORITZ, mo'rits. Karl Philipp (1756-93). A German author, prominent in the Sturm-und- Dran" period. He was Irorn at Hanieln, of poor pareiits. He taught for a short time at Dessau (1777), then at a military orphanage at Pots- dam (1778), and soon after in Berlin. In 1786 he went to Italy, and in Rome became acquainted with Goethe, who reeommended him to Duke Karl August, by whose influence Moritz was elected to the'^Berliii Academy, and in 1789 became profes- sor of antiquities in the Academy of Art in Ber- lin. His adventurous life can to a great degree be reconstructed from the semi-biographical novels, Anton Reiser (1785-90) and Andreas Hartknopf (1786). He wrote, besides: Vrrsuch einer deutschen Prosodie (1780); Veher die bildende ■Naehahmung des Schnnen (1788); Ootterlehre (1791); Tieisen eines Deutschen in England (1783); and Reisen eines Deutschen in Italien (1792-93). Consult Dessoir, Moritz als Aesthe- tiker (Berlin. 1889). MORLACCHI, mor-lak'ke, France.sco (1784- 1841). An Italian composer, famous for his advanced style of composition, which has been described as" a classical blending of Italian vi- UOBLAND. vacity and methods with German contrapuntal profundity. He studied under Mazzetti, Caruso, Padre, Martini, and Zingarelli. His composi- tions include a coronation cantata, considerable church music, organ pieces, songs, chamber music, masses, and grand operas. In 1810 he became kapellmeister of the Italian opera at Dresden, where he is said to have composed his best work. His oratorios, Isacco (1817) and La morte di Abele (1821), are representative. He died at Innsbruck. MOBLAIX, mor'la'. The capitiil of an arron- dissement and a seaport in the Department of Finist&re, France, on the estuary of the Dossen, 6Vi miles from the sea, and 38 miles east-north- east of Brest (Map: France, C 3). The estuary is spanned by a fine railway viaduct 934 feet long and 190'feet high. The town has a medite- val aspect, with its fifteenth-century church of Saint Melaine, its narrow winding streets, and its quaintly gabled timbered houses. The port is accessible to ships of 400 tons burden. A con- siderable coastwise trade is carried on in horses, agricultural produce, leather, and paper. The industrial establishments inclu^p paper mills and an important Government tobacco factor)-. Population, in 1900. 10,080. Morlaix dates from the Roman occupation. In 1187 it was besieged and captured by Henry II. of England. In 1522 it was taken bv the troops of Henry VIII. of England, but recaptured by the French in a night attack, when 600 Englishmen were killed. MOB'LAKS. A Slavonic people belonging to the southern branch, and living along the coast of Dalmatia. Austria-Hungary. They settled in this locality during the great southern migra- tion of the Serbs from the Carpathian region in the sixth and seventh centuries. They are a hardy, seafaring people, who furnish the best material for the Austrian Navy, and are promi- nent in the commerce of the Adriatic. They are generally classed with the Dalmatians. See Dal- matia. MOR'LAND, George (1763-1804). An Eng- lish genre, animal, and landscape painter, born in London. He inherited talent from his father, Henry Morland (1712-97), painter, engraver, and picture dealer, who gave him a good train- ino-. At sixteen he exhibited at the Royal Acad- emy, and at seventeen be had attained a reputa- tion as a copyist, especially of the Dutch and Flemish masters. After a rupture with his father he set up on his own account in 1784 or 1785. and dashed into a career of dissipation and prodigality, supporting himself by the sale of his pictures, painted with marvelous rapidity and cleverness. He lived with a picture dealer, and became the companion of hostlers, pot-boys, jockeys, pawnbrokers, and pugilists. In 1786 he married the sister of the engraver William Ward, and for a time reformed. At this period he painted many moralities in the style of Ho- garth : but he "soon returned to his profligate life and produced his masterpiece, the '-Interior of a Stable" (1791), now in the Xational Gal- lery, London. He became popular, and dealers flocked to him. Sometimes he painted tw-o pic- tures a day. and once a large landscape with six fiffures in six hours. Every demand for money, tavern score, or bill was paid by a picture worth twice the charge. His subjects were scenes m humble life in town and country— cottages,