Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 14.djvu/16

* MORIKE. gutter Hulzcliiiunnleiit Sjj), Many of the poems are today cstablislied folksongs. Con- sult the biographies by Xotter (Stuttgart, 1875), Klaiber (ib.. 187U), Maync (ib., 1901), and Fisiher (Herliii, lUOl). MORIKOFEB, iiiO'rikii'fer. Joiianx Kaspar ( 17'.>'JIS77,i. A Swiss literary and ecclesiastical historian, born at Frauenfeld. He studied at Zuridi, taught in his birthplace, and was pastor at Gottlieben from 1851 to 180it. His liistorical works have scientilic value and literary charm; they in(lude Die schwei::crische MumUirt im er- hiiUnis zur hochdetitschen liichriftsi>riiclic ( 1838) ; Klupulock in Ziirieh (1851): Die schwcizcrisehe lAiterutur ties uchlzehnten JaUrhundcrts (18G1) ; Vlrieli Zwinijli ( 18(i7-l)!)) ; and ticschichte der evanyelischeii I'liichllitige in der Schweiz (1876). MOBILLO, nj6re'ly6. Pablo, Count of Carta- gena and Marnuis de la Pucrta (1777-1838). A .Spanisli sohlier. He was born in Fuenles de Malsa, in the Province of Tore, and entered the (Spanish navy in 1793. During the war against Napoleon he raised a guerrilla corjjs. at the head of which he soon ac(|uired fame, and became lieutenant-general. In 1815 he was placed in command of 12.000 men and sent to South Ameri- ca to conquer the insurgent provinces of 'ene- zuela and New (iranada. He speedily captured Caracas, Cartagena, and Bogotfl, but met re- verses later and was compelled to sign the armistice of Truxillo with Holivar (1820). He returned to Spain, joined the Court party, and was believed to be one of the authors of an insurrection of the Guards in 1822. .After this he went over to the patriots, obtained command of an army corps, changed l)ack again, and sub- mitted to the French (1823). Exiled by Ferdi- nand, he was recalled in 1832 and led an army against the Carlists. He publi.shed his M^moires at Paris in I82(>. MORIN, mA'ra.N-'. Arthur Jules (ITf/S- 1880). . French mathematician, born in Paris. He studied at the Kcole Polyteehnique and at the Ecole d'.ppIication in Metz. and in 1819 was commissioned lieutenant in an engineer battalion. He was professor at the Conser- vatoire des .Arts et Metiers, and after 1847 its director. He devoted his attention to mechanics, and by his researches and inventions contributed materially to the i)rogress of that .science. The results of his labors are embodied in memoirs which he contributed to the C'oniplen renditu de VAeiulfmic des scienccfi de Paris, and in a num- ber of .separate publications, among which arc: Aide-memoire de mecanique pritliiiue (1838); Hnluhrite des hahitalions (2(1 ed. 1874): and Fundiimenliil Ideas of Merhnnies and I'xfieri- meiiliil llrila. . . . translated bv .T. Bennet (New ^Ork, I8li0). MORIN, niM-ren', E.nrico Com.stan'tixo (1841 — ). . Italian naval olTicer and statesman, born in Genoa. He rose through successive grades to that of vice-admiral (1893). In 1880 he was elected from Florence to the Chamber of Deputies, from 1888 to 1891 was I/nder-Secretary of State In the Ministry of Marine, in which post he urged nn increase of the navy, and from 1893 til 1890 was Minister of Marine. He was ap- pointed Senator in 1900. and in the same year again lioanii' Minister of Marine. MORINUS, mA'r*'ny', .ToitANNE.s. or Jean MoRiN (I5»l-lfl9r.). A French Catholic theolo- t MORISON. gian and Orientalist, lioni at Hlois of Protestant ])arenls. He was educated at l.eyden and at Paris, where he entered the Catholic Church, and in 11)18 joined the ratorians. He was head of the College of Angers, and in 1040 was sunuuoned to Kome by Urban X'lll. to assist in discussing the union of the Eastern and Western churches. He was suddenly recalled by Richelieu, who ])os- sibly feared that Morin would speak ill of him at Home. Besides his works on Church history, and more important, Morin wrote on text criti- cism: Excrcitat tones Eceiesiasticce et liibliece (1080, containing two earlier works of 1031 and 1039), which urges the priority and superiority of the Samaritan Pentateuch ; Opriseiiht llebneo- Samaritiea (1057), with grammar and lexicon; and in Le .Jay's I'oli/filolte. an edition of the Sanuiritan Pentateuch. MORIOKA, mo're-o'ka. The capital of the Prtficluic of Iwate, ,Iapan, situated in a moun- tainous district in the northern part of Hondo, about 40 miles from the coast (Map: Japan, G 4). It is celebrated for it-s kettles, silk goods, fruits, and vegetables. Population, in 1898, 32.989. MORIORI,. mo'rJ-o'rf. The aborigines of the Challiaiii Islaiuls, linguistically and somatically close kinsmen of tlic Jlaori (<|.v.). Their crania are distinctly more Polynesian than Melanesian, and some authorities see traces of race mixture in certain osteological peculiarities. Some an- thropologists regard the iMoriori as only a branch of the Maori, who reached the Chatham Islands before tattooing had come into general use or the carving and ornamentation of the New Zea- land Maori had taken on their characteristic develo|iment. Tr:idition. sujiportcd by other in- dications, suggests two migrations to these isl- ands, one before and the other after Maori art had become matured. The Hat stone clubs of the Chatham Islanders are supposed to go back to the dark peo[)le who preceded them. The best stone axes of the Moriori exceed in fineness of polish those of the Maori. The general conclu- sion is that the culture of the Chatham Islanders is an outspur of that of New Zealand. Such marked peculiarities as exist are due to the poverty and limitations of the group. The influence of the antecedent "dark race' is more marked there than in New Zealand itself. In 1831 they are said to have numbered 1200 to 1.500: but the inroads of Maori from the Tara- naki District of New Zealand in 1832-35 led al- most to their extermination, and there were but 200 left in 1808. In 1SS9 the islands were reported to contain 27 [>u re blooded Moriori. 5 half- bloods, 250 ^laori. :ind a few Europeans. In 1891) their niunbcr was estimated at 30 to .50; but Schauinsland, who visited them in 1897, thought it not over 10 to 25. MORISCOS, inAre'skAs (Sp., Moorish men). The iiatiir ^iven in Spain after 1492 to those Moors who through intimidation or force were brought over to Christianity. See M00R.S: Spain. MOR'ISON. .TAME.S (1816.93). A .Scotch clerg>nian. foinder of the Evangelical I'nion. He was bom at l!:ithgate, Jjinlithgowshire. Feb- ruary 14, 1810, He was educated at Edinburgh, and licensed to prc:ich as a minister of the I'nil- ed Secession Chnn'h in 1839. In 1841 he was de|>osed for holding and advocating 'universal ntoncment.' With three other ministers of like