Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 13.djvu/886

* MOBEAXr. 794 MOKELL. a retreat conductixl with cousiiiiimate skill he saved the I'lviuli army I'roni dolructioii. though dcl'eateil April i', 17'J!), by SuvarolV at C'assano. The Directory deprived liim of the chief comniand, and gave it to Joubert, but Moreau remained with tlic army, and after the deatli of Joubert at Novi, August 15, 1709, again assumed the com- luand, and conducted the troops back to France. The disinterestedness of iloreau's character, his military talent, and his political moderation, brought him great pojuilarity. He assisted Bonaparte on the IStli lirumaire, and receiving the command of the Army of the Rhine, gained victory after victory over the Austrians in the campaign of 1800. and on Ucccmbcr ;id won the great and decisive battle of Holicnlinden (q.v.). A strong feeling of nuitual distrust now arose between Moreau and lionaparte, and the former retired to his country seat, which became the gathering place of the discontented. He wa3 accused of participation in the plot of Pichegru and C'adoudal (q.v.) against the life of the First Consul, and was arrested, brought to trial, and found guilty on June 10, 1804. although the evidence against him was wortliless. But Bona- parte could not venture to condemn him to death, and a sentence of two years' imprisonment was therefore inonounced, which was commuted into banishment. Jloreau went to America, where ho settled first in Xew Jersey, and later at Morris- ville. Pa. Regarding with gi-eat dissatisfaction the whole of Bonaparte's career, he joined in 1813 the Emperor of Russia and the King of Prussia in the march against Dresden, where, as he stood with the Emperor Alexander on a height at Rilcknitz. on August 27th, a French cannon ball broke both his legs. Ani])Utation was performed, hut he died at Laun in Bohemia, September 2, 1813, and was buried in Saint Petersburg. Con- sult; Beauchamp, Vie politique, mililtiire ct prirve dit general Moreau (Paris, 1814: English translation. London, 1814) : Chateauneuf, Ui.s- loir'' itii iiiiu'ral Morcfiu (Paris, 1814). MOREAU, Matiiurin (1822—). A French sculptor, boni at Dijon. He was first instructed there by his father, and then in Paris, where he was the pupil of Ramey. the younger, and of Dumonl. Prominent among his graceful allegori- cal and ideal figures and groups are "The Fairy of the Flowers" (1853): "The Spinner" (1801, Lu.xembourg Museum): "Studiosa" (186G); "Saltarella" (1808): "Phryne" (1878); "Pro- tection of Childhood" (1802). besides which the statues of Gregory the Great and of Saint .Tcromc, in the Church of the Trinitv. Paris, deserve no- tice. MOREAtr DE SAINT MERY, de saN mft'r*', Mf;»£Bic Loiis Elie ( 17.">01.Sin). A French statesman, a native of Martinique. He was a member of the Constituent Assembly in 1700, a Councilor of State in 1800. and administrator of Parma. Piacenza. and (Jiiastalla 180200. He fell into disgrace with a|iolcon in 1806. and lived in poverty till 1817. when Louis XVllT. pensioned him. During the Reign of Tenor and the Directory he lived as a bookseller in Philadel- phia. He published IjOik rt conxliluHoiis dcs co- lonies frn)n-aisr/i fie I'Anif'riqUF dr t.i,'0 A ITSS, and Prxrriiilion dr Haiiil I)<imini<iur (Philadel- phia. 1700-08). MORECAMBE, morTci'im. A popular water- ing place in Lancashire. England, on Morecambe Bay, three and a lialf miles northwest of Lan- caster (.Map: England, D 2). It has a pier, ])romenade, aquarium, peojjle's palace, electric lighting plant, etc. Population, in 1891, 0500; in 1901, ll.SdO. MORECAMBE BAY. An inlet of the Irish Sea, on the northwest coast of England (Map: England, C 2). It is about 17 miles long, 10 miles in average breadth, and very shallow. MOREL, mor'Sl (Fr. morille, from OHO. morhelu, tier. Morchcl, mushroom, diminutive of OHG. morahd, morhii. (ier. Jliilire, carrot). 1/or- chella. A genus of fungi. The species, which have a more or less agreeable smell and taste, appear in the spring or early summer among the grass under or near trees and are most abundant in places that have been burned over. The stalk or stipe when fresh is .swollen, white, and covered with fine granulations. The conical top is honey- combed, at first cream-colored, later becoming yellow, and then brownish when old or dried. Jlorels are reckoned among the best of esculent fungi. The common morel {Morehella esculcnta), perhaps the best known, is common in .America and in many parts of .Middle and Southern Europe. Its stalk is only about an inch long, the pileus is roundish, oval, oblong, or conical, yellowish or brown. Fresh or dried it is nutri- tious, and not difficult to digest, but is chiefly used in sauces and gravies, on account of its pleasant flavor. See Colored Plate of EoiiiLE Fungi. MORELIA, niiVra'I^-ii, or VALLADOLin. vii'- lya-Du-lci/. The cajiital of the State of Miehoa- can. -Mexico, situated in a UKiuntainous region, ti.'iOO feet above sea-level, and 130 miles west- northwest of Mexico City (Map: Mexico, H 8). The town lies in a fertile valley, and is regularly built with many squares and two paseos or liromenades. It has a fine cathedral, completed in 1745, and a State Ca])itol built of hewn stone in Byzantine style; other notable buildings are the city hall, the court-house, and the public library. It has also a number of educational in- stitutions, the most important being the theo- logical seminary and the Colcgio San Nicolas de Hidalgo. . good water supply is obtained by a handsome aqueduct four miles long, which was constructed in 17S8. The chief industries of the town are the manufacture of cotton goods and tobacco. Population, 33,000. Morelia was founded under the name Valladolid in 1541. and the jiresent name was given it in honor of Morelos, the priest and insurgent leader in the revolt against Spain, who was a native of the city. MORELL'. George WEnn (181S-83). An .Xiiiciiiaii soldier. He was born in Cooperstown. X. Y., graduated first in his class at West Point in 183.5, served as assistant engineer from 1835 to 1837, and in June, 1837. resigned from the service. Suhsccpiently he was assistant engineer first of the projected Charleston and Cincinnati Uailriiad, and then of the Michigan Central Railroad from 1837 to 1830, and from 1842 to 1801 practiced law in New York City. After the outbreak of the Civil War he served for a few mouths as a colonel of New York militia and chief of staff of Major-General Sanford. be- came a brigadier-general of vnlunteers in .Vugust, 1861, served under McClellan throughout the