Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 13.djvu/62

* HARBLE. 42 MARBURG. States Geological tiiiri-nj (Washington, 1896); atone (New York, luouthly). See BuiLDixo Stone. MARBLE, :Manton (1835—). An American journalist. Jle was born in Worcester. Mass.; graduated at Rochester University in 1855, and became a journalist in Boston, where he was con- nected successively with the Journal and the Traveller. He removed to New York in 1858, and was employed during the next two years on the editorial stall' of the t^irntiig I'ont. In ISUO he united with others in founding the World, of which he eventually became sole proprietor. Under his management the paper gained inlluence as a Democratic free-trade organ. In ISTU he retired from the World, and in 1878 published .1 Secret Chapter of Political History, in which he upheld Mr. Tilden's claim to the Presidency. In 1885 he was a delegate to the Bimetallic Con- gress in Europe. MARBLED GODWIT. See Godwit. MARBLED TIGER-CAT. A very distinct and beautiful wild cat of the eastern Himalayas and Malayan region (f'clis mannorata), which in appearance is a miniaiure of the clouded leopard. It is about the size of the domestic cat, and has unusually soft and warm fur and a long tail, not ringed, but spotted. The ground color is dull reddish yellow, marked with numerous elongate, wavy black spots, somewhat clouded or marbled. There are dark lines on the head, and the Hanks and legs are thickly spotted with black, wliih' the belly is yellowish white. It has a Tibetan variety. Its liabits are little known, but arc supposed to be mainly arboreal. MARBLE FAtTN, Tiik. A romance by Haw- thorne |l8(iO|. The title originally pro|)osed was Tlir Traiisfuniiation of the Faun, changed in the English edition to Tran.iformation, and in the. ierican to The Marble Faun. MAR'BLEHEAD. A town, including the vil- lage- of ( liftoii. Deverenx, an<l .Marblehead Neck, in Essex County, Mass., 18 miles northeast of Boston; situated on a rocky peninsula in Massachusetts Bay. and on the Bo.ston and Maine Railroad (Map: Alassachusctts. F 3). It has a commodious harbor; is a popular yachting and summer resort, and possess(»s nian' pre-revolu- tionary buildings and other features of historic interest. In .Mibott Hall are the town ollices, the public library, and an art gallery. There are Crneker. Kort Sewall, and Eountain parks. The principal industries include boat-building and the manufacture of shoes, though fisliing is of sonic importance. The government is adminislcred by town meetings. Population, in 1800, 8202; in l!)On. 75S2. Settled in l(i20 by emigrants fnmi the islands of .Tersey and Guernsey. Marblehead was umler the jurisdiction of Salem until ItitO, when it was incorporated as a separate town. It became for a time, next to Boston, the most pop- ulous community in the cidony. having a large maritime and fishing trade. Marblehead was the birthplace, and for many years the home, of Elbridge Gerry and .fudge Slorj'. Consult Roads, The H'sliini and Traditions of Marhlchrad (Mar- blehead. IHDT). MARBLEHEAD. A sailors' name for the North Atbinlic fulmar (q.v,). MARBLES AND MAiniLE Pi.A^TNO. Marbles are lillb' balls of marble or some other hard sub- stance, and are used as playthings by children. 'J'hey liave been in use from the earliest times, and are to be found among all the peoples of the world. They are manufactured in large quanti- ties in Saxony, and are exported to India, China, Africa, and practically every nation of Europe and America. There is an endless variety of games of marbles. MAR'BO, or MAROBO'DUUS (c.U B.C. 41 A.U.I. A Germanic chief. King of the Marco- manni. See M.^bcomanni. MARBOD, nuir'bi' (c.l035-n23) . A French bislwi]) and author. He was born at Angers, the son of a merchant, and taught with great suc- cess, becoming in 10l!7 head of the diocesan school, in which he trained many j)rominent scholars and statesmen. Marbod was made arch- deacon in 1081 and Bishop of Rennes in 1090. His works include biographies, hymns, the Versus Canonivales. valuable as giving a picture of the monkish life of the period, and f)e Lnpidibus Pretiosis, which, following a Greek origiiurl, treats of the mysterious properties of gems. Jlar- bod's works are contained in Jligne, Patrologia Lnlina. vol. clxxi. (1854). MARBOIS, njar'bwii'. Fban^ols, Marquis de Bariii:. . French statesman. See Baj5b£-5Iar- BOIS. MARBURG, marliHorK. A town in the Crow'ilancI of Styria. Austria, 40 miles by rail soutli-.southeast of tiratz. on the left bank of the navigable Drave (Mai>: Austria, D 3). The town has a cathedral, a castle, and a casino, and is the seat of the Bishop of Lavant. Its educational institutions include schools of theology and peda- gogj' and a pomological school. The chief in- dustries are the manufacture of leather, foot- wear, flour, beer, ami spirits. The extensive work- shops of the Southern Railway are situated in the suburbs of Sankt Magdalcna." Jlarburg carries on an extensive trade in wine and hunber. the chief products of the surrounding counlrv. Popula- tion, in 1800, 10.808; in 1000. 24,501. mostly (Jermans. Consult Biicking. dcschichtliche liiUlcr ails Miirlniriis Vergangenheit (Marburg, 1901). MARBURG. A town in the Province of lless<'assau. Prussia, situated on the Lahn, 00 miles by rail north of Frankfort (Map: Prus- sia, C 3). It is commanded by a thirteenth- century castle, originally the residence of the landgraves of Hesse, and later a State prison. It is one of the most extensive ancient secular build- ings in Germany, and is of interest on account of the disputation between Luther and Zwingli which took place in the Rittersaal in 1520. An- other architcclural feature of Marliurg is the thirteenth-century Churcb of Saint Elizabeth, a perfect specimen of early Gothic architecture. It was erected by the Teutonic knights soon after the death of Saint Elizabeth, and was restored in the middle of the eighteenth century. It con- tains the fine tomb of the Saint, as well as nu- merous monuments to the Hessian rulers and Teutonic knights. Noteworthy are also (he Rat- haus (1512) and the arlministraf ion buildings. The educational institutions of Marburg include the university (see Maiiihro. rMVKiisiTV of), a gj'mnasiuni. a 'real' schnol, and an agricultural school. The chief manufactures are leather, potterv. machinery, surgical instruments, car- pets, anrl tobacco. The environs are of great