Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 13.djvu/467

* MEZZOTINT. 427 MIAMISBTJRG. covcrer of mezzotint cngniving was Louis von tjiegen, a lieutenant-colonel in the service of the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, and his first published work was a portrait of the Princess Aiiiclia-Elizabeth of llesse, proofs of which are dated 1042. fifteen years anterior to the earliest date on the plates of Prince Ru]iert. to whom a charming legend ascribes the invention of the art. In the United States the mezzotint style was a favorite with magazine publishers in the early days of magazines, being introduced from England by .John Sartain (q.v. ),an expert mezzo- tint engraver, in 1830. He published t<artain's Mfiyatine. illustrated after this fashion. Con- sult: Wedmore's Studies in EngliKh Art (Lon- don, 187G-80) ; Hamerton, The Graphic Arts (Lomlnn. 1882). See Engraving. MHOW, mou. A city and important British military station in the native Rajputana State of Indore. 13 miles southwest of the town of ludore, near the 'indhya mountains, on an eminence on the (iumbcr River HK)0 feet above the sea (ilap: India, C 4). On the southeast are the canton- ments, arranged like a European town, having a church with a steeple on an eminence, a spacious lecture-room, a well-furnished library, and a theatre. They are occupied under the ilandsaur Treaty of 1818 by a considerable force of British and native troops. Population, in 1891, 31,773; iu liinl. 3,039. MIAGAO, me'a-ga'6. A town of Panay, Philip- pines, in the Province of Iloilo. It is situated on the southern coast of the island, 22 miles west of Iloilo. Population, 22,100. MIAKO, me-a'ku. A city of Japan. See Kioro. MIALL, Edwabd ( 1809-81 ). An advocate of English Church disestablishment. He was born in Portsmouth, England : studied at Wymondlcy Theological Institute, Hertfordshire; entered the independent ministrj', and was installed pastor at Ware in 1S31 and at Leicester in 1834. Becoming an active advocate of the disestablishment of the Church of England, he removed to London and established the Xonconformist newspaper as the organ of that policy in 1841 ; he was elected to Parliament from Rochdale in 18.^2. He favored universal suffrage and opposed class legislation and compulsory religious education. He led in the establishment, in 1844, of the British Anti- State Cliurch Association, which afterwards be- came the Society for the Liberation of Religion from State Patronage and Control. In 1856 he introduced in the House of Commons a resolution on the disestablishment of the Irish Church. His million for a committee on the disestablishment of the English Church was introduced three times in 1871 and 1872 and lost. He was appointed in 18.58 a member of the Royal Commission on Education as a representative of the Noncon- formists. Among his principal ptiblications are: Vieirs of the Voluntary Principle (184.5) ; Ethics of yonronfnrmity (1848) ; The British Churches in Relation, to the British People (1840) ; The Franchise as a Means of a People's Triiininrr (1851) ; Title Deeds of the Church of F.nfiland to Her Parorhial Endoirments (18fi21 : Social Influences of the State Church (1807). Of loss polemical character is An Editor Off the Line, or Waifside Musinfjs and Peniiniscences (1865). Life of Miall was published bv his son Arthur Miall (London, 1884) . Vol. XIII. -28. MIAMI, mi-:i'me. An important Algonquian tribe residing, when first known to the Frenclf about llKiO, in southeastern Wisconsin. They were somewhat superior to the northern tribes gen- erally in their manner of living, and occupied a stockaded triwn with mat-covered houses. About the year l(illO, in consequence of dilliculties with the Illinois and Siou.v, they removed to the south- east and established themselves on the site of what is now Chicago and upon the Saint Joseph River of ilichigan, whence they soon spread to the Wabash and Maumce and later to the Miami. Their principal band made headquarters at Kekionga, where Fort W^ayne now stands, while others, settled lower down on the Wabash, developed later into two distinct tribes, known respectively as Wea and Pianki- shaw (q.v.). All three, however, continued until the end of the eighteenth century to regard them- selves as one people, and first cousins of the Illi- nois, their western neighbors, whose language dif- fered only dialectically from their own. In the colonial wars the Jliami sided alternately with either party, but joined Pontiac's alliance in 1764 and took sides against the Americans in the Revo- lution, continuing the struggle with the other triljes of the Ohio Valley until their crushing defeat by General Wayne compelled them to make peace at the Greenville Treaty in 1795. The great chief. Little Turtle, who led the allied forces to victory against Saint Clair and Har- mar, was a ]Miami. Under Tecumseh they again joined the English side in the War of 1812. At its close, being now thoroughly broken, they began to sell their lands, and by 1827 had ceded almost the whole of their original territory and agreed to remove to Kansas. Here they rapidly died out from disease, famine, and dissipation, until about 1873 the remnant, only 150 in num- ber, were placed upon the Quapaw reservation in Indian Territory, where they number now only 95. A considerable band had continued to occupy a reservation in Wabash County, Ind., until 1872, when the land was divided and tribal relations dissolved. These now number about 240. [iractically all of mixed blood. MIAMI, or GREAT MIAMI. A river of western Oliio. flo^ving soutliward for 150 mile's through a fertile and |)opulous valley, past the cities of Troy, Dayton, and Hamilton, and emptying into the Ohio River on the Indiana boundary, 20 miles west of Cincinnati (Map: Ohio, A 7). It is a rapid stream furnishing ex- tensive water power. The Miami and Erie Canal, connecting the Ohio River with Lake Erie, fol- lows the course of the Miami. MIAMISBTJBG, mi-am'iz-bflrg. A city in Montgomery County, Ohio, 46 miles north by ea-st of Cincinnati ; on the Great Miami River and the Miami and Erie Canal, and on the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton and the Cleveland. Cin- cinnati. Chicago and Saint Louis railroads (Jlap: Ohio, B 6). It is of considerable import- ance as an industrial centre, the manufactures being favored by good water power, and is also an important market for tobacco, which is cvil- tivatcd extensively in the adjacent region. The electric light plant is owned by the municipality. Just outside of the corporate limits is one of the largest Indian mounds in the State. Population, in 1890, 2.952; in 1900, 3,941.