Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 13.djvu/429

* METRIC SYSTEM. 393 METRIC SYSTEM. mints, in oertain Oovfiniiiont. ])ul)lifations, in tlif Pliarmacopceia and the Dispensatory, in cer- tain measurements of the Coast and Geodetic Sur- vey, and in much of the work of the arts and sciences. The basal units of the metric system are: for length the meter, for small surfaces the square meter, for area of land the square dekameter (or are), for volume the cubic meter, for capacity the liter, for weight the gram, and ioy the monetary system the franc. The scale selected for the multiples and subdivisions of the various units is 10. The prefixes used to designate the nuiltiples of the measuring unit are deka (10), hekto (100), kilo (1000). and myria (10.000), all from the Greek, and those used to designate ■iuhdivisions are deci (0.1), ocnti (0.01), and niilli (0.001), from the Latin. Tlie ratio between the successive denomination.? in the system of linear measure, of weight, of capacity,' and of money is 10, the ratio between the successive denominations of surface measure is 100. and that of cubic measure is 1000. The unit of capacity, the liter, is equal to a cubic decimeter, and approximately so to the volume of a kilogram of water at the maximum density. Its equivalent Is 1.05671 liquid quarts (U. S. standard), or .88030 liquid quart (British). The unit of weight, the gram, is the mass weight of one cubic centimeter of water, standard pure, at the maximum density. Its equivalent in the English system is 1.5. 4.32 -f troy grains. The abbreviations of the following tables are those adojjted by the International Commission of Weights and Measures: Table of Lixeab Measure A mTriameter = 10.000 meters A kilometer (km.) = l.OOU ■• A hektoaieter = 100 " A dekameter = 10 " Meter (m.) A decimeter (dm.) = 0.1 of a meter A centimeter(cm.) = 0.01 -A mi]liraeter{mm.)= 0.001 " A mikron (^j = 0.000001 ■• = 10'- cubic meters = 1U» = 1,000.000 •• = 1,000 ■■ A cubic in.vriamet.er " kilometer " hektomet^r " dekameter Cubic meter (m.^) A cubic decimeter (dra.^'i = 0.001 <)f a cubic met«r centimeter (cm.^) = O.OOOOOl millimeter (mm.') = 0.000000001 A cubic meter is also called a sterc, a unit used in measuring wood. Table of Weigbts A metric ton (t.) = l.OOO.OOO grams A quintal (q.) = llXJ.OflO A mvriaiiram = 10.000 A kilORram (kg.) = 1.0(X) A hektogram = l(»i " A dekagram = 10 •• Gram (k.') A deci^^ram (dg.) = 0.1 of a gram A ceutigram (CK.) = 0.01 A milliKram(mg.)=0.001 A mikrogram (7) = 0.000001 ■■ Table of Capacitv A hektnliter (111.) = 100 liters -A dekaliter (dal.)=^ 10 •• Liter (1.) .%. deciliter (dl.) =0.1 of a liter A centiliter (cl.) = 0.01 " A milliliter (ml.) =0.001 A mikrolit«r (/,) = O.ouOOOl " EQUIVALENTS. Approximate Equivalents A meter A kilometer A liter A kilogram A gram A hectare = 39.37 indies = SVi feet = g of a mile = 1 quart = 2J lbs. avoir. = 15^/2 grains = 2Vi acres A square meter = 10 square feet More Nearly Accurate Equivalents LENGTH Millimeter.. Centimeter. Decimeter... Met#r Kilometer.. Inches 0.03937 0.;J9371 3.9;J708 39.37079 39370.79000 Feet 0.0O3 0.032 0.32,s 3.280 3280.899 Yards 0.001 0.010 0.109 1.093 1093.633 Path's 0.000 0.005 0.051 0.646 546.816 Miles 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.621 CAPACITY Milliliter... Centiliter.. Deciliter.... Liter Hektoliter Cubic in. Cubic ft. Dry pints Gallons Bsbls 0.00103 0.61027 6.10271 61.02705 6102.70515 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.035 3.631 0.0018 0.0182 0.1816 1.8162 181.6211 0.000 0.002 0.022 0.227 22.703 0.000 O.OOO 0.003 0.028 2,838 Table of Square Measure A square mvriameter = 100,(HMi.ooosquare meters kilometer (km.2) = 1.0<.i0.000 hektometer orhektare= 10.000 dekameter or are = 100 Sqdbre meter {iii.^) A square decimeter (dm. 2) = 0.01 of a square meter centimeter (cm.«) = 0.0001 millimeter (mm.=) =0.000001 Table of Cubic Measure weight Grains Troy oz. Avoir, lb. 15.4;«35 16432.34880 0.032 32.150 0.002 2.204 SQUARE MEASURE Square feet Sq. yards , Acres 10.764299 1076.429934 107642.993419 1.196 119.603 11960.332 0.000 Are 0.025 2.471 Table for Reducing from One System to the Othee (The figures in heavier tjpe represent either of the two columns beside them, as the case may be, viz. with hektares and acres in the first setof oolumns, 1 acre=*o.405 hektare, and vice versa 1 hektare= 2.471 acres, and so on.) Yard 0.914 1 1.829 2 2.743 3 3.658 4. 4.572 5 5.486 6 6.401 7 7.315 8 S.229 9 9.144 10 18.288 20 27.4:)2 SO 36.676 4.0 45.719 SO 64.863 60 64.007 70 73.161 SO 82.295 90 91.438 lOO 1.093 2.188 3.281 4.374 6.468 6.562 7.655 8.749 9.843 10.9:^6 21.873 32.809 43.745 64.682 66.618 76.5.54 87.491 98.427 IO'J.363 Kilogr. Lb. avoir. ,ii'l 0.464 1 0.907 2 1 361 3 1.814 4. 2.268 5 2.722 6 3.175 7 3.629 8 4.0S2 9 4.5:J6 lO 9.072 20 13.608 30 18.144 4.0 22.679 SO 27.215 SO
 * il.7.i2

70 36.2SS 80 40.823 90 45.:«9 lOO 2.20 4.41 6.61 8.S2] 11.02 13.23' 15.43 17.64' 19.84' 22.05 41 . 09 (-.6.14 88.1K !176 110.23,1220 l:i2.28 1 264 1.14.32, ,.308, 176.37! 3.52 19«.42!J306, 220.461:440 Liter Gallons 40 1 81 2 21 3 62 4. 02 5 43 6 83 7 24 8 64 9 05 lO 10 20 14 30 19 4.0 24 SO 29 60 33 70 38 SO 43 90 48 lOO 0.23 0.4S 0.08 0.91 1.14 1.36 1..59 1.82 2.04 2 27 4!54 6.81 9.08 11.35 13.62 15.89 18.16 20.43 22.70