Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 13.djvu/250

* MAYOW. 222 MAZANDEBAN. in anatomy and jjUysiologj', especially on the subject of muscular action and on ies|)iration, is scarcely less important. His Optra Omnia llcdUit I'hysicu appeared in 1081. MAYOYAO, ma'yu-ya'o. A hcad-liunting ilalay peojjle in Central Luzon, speaking Ifugao. See PlIIMl'I'lNE ISLANDJi. MAYPOP. The fruit of a Passion flower (il.v.i. MAYK, nilr, Geokg von (1841—). A Ger- niau slulistician and economist, born in Wiirz- burg. He studied at ilunicli, where he became professor in 1808; he was appointed in 1871) Tinder-seeretary to the Ministry for Alsace-Lor- raine; he was retired in 18S7. and became docent (ISfll) and jjrofessor (ISOo) in the Uni- versity of .Strassburg. In 180S he was called to Munich. He founded the Zcitschrift den ha !/ rise hen statistisclieit Bureaus (1SC9) and Dan allfiemcine statistischc Archiv (1887); and wrote: Die GesetzmiinKiriLeit im Gesell- srhaflslrhoi (1877); Zur lieivhsfinanz-Reform (1893): Stnlistik vnd (lesellschaftKlehre (1895- 97); Die Pflickt im Wirtsehaftslehen (1900); Flotte unci Finanzen (1900) ; drundrixs zti Vor- lesungen iiher praktische yntionaliikonomic (1900 sq.) ; and Zolltariffentirurf und Wisisen- schaft (1901.) MAYR, or MAYER, .Toiianx Simox (1763- 184.)). . Gorman-Italian dramatic composer, born at Mcndorf, Bavaria. Ills father was a musician, and the boy studied under him and at a .Tosuit seminary at Ingolstadt, and later under Lenzi at Bergamo. Italy, where he settled per- manently. In 1791 an oratorio, Jaeoh a Labano Fugiens. was so successful that he was com- missioned to write three more, and in 1794 he produced his first opera, Saffo, ossia i rili d'.Xpolln Leucndio. During the next twenty years be wrote about seventy operas, which were only surpassed in popular favor by those of Rossini. In 1802 he became chapel-master at Santa Maria Maggiore in Bergamo, and while there refused the offers of posts at London. Paris, Dresden, and Milan. He was also pro- fessor of composition in the music school of Bergamo, and Donizetti was one of his pupils. His best opera's were: Lodo'isUa (179.')) ; Ginerra di Hrozia (1801); Media (1812): and Rnsa hiancu i romi rossa (1814). He was blind for a number of years before his death, which oc- cnrreil at Bergamo. In 18.52 n monument was ereclcil to hi- memory in Ihat city. MAY SUCKER. A fish. See Cutlips. MAYS'VILLE. A city and the coimty-seat of Mason (Viunty. Ky.. 04 miles .southeast of Cincinnati: on the Ohin Diver, and on the Chesa- peake and Ohio and the Louisville and Xash- ville railroads (Map: Kentneky. H 2). Tt has the Maysville and iIa<on County Public Library, incorporated in 1878. and Odd Fellows and Masonic temples. There are important com- mercial interests the city being the centre of n fine aL'ricnItural country, and its industries are represcnteil bv cotton mills. lloir. saw. and plan- ins mills, foundries, dintilleric's. ci^ar. chewing tobacco, furniture, and -hoe faitories. and plow and pnllev works. The government is admin- istered under a charter, revised in 1804. which provides for a mayor, elected every four year.s, and a nnirnmeral council. Settled as earlv as 1784, ilaysville was incorporated as a town by the Virginia Legislature in 1787, and was char- tered as a city in 1S33, becoming a fourth-class city sixty years later. In 1848 it was made the countv-seat. Population, in ISUO. 5358; in lUOO, 6423.' MAYWEED (older Eng. maicueed, variant of inuydicwecd; inlluenced by popular etymolog}' with May, the lifth month), Uor, Fexxel {Anthcinin Valuta). A common roadside plant of the order Compositie, growing also in pastures and meadows. It is a native of Kurope, but, although widely sjjread in America, it is not an aggressive weed. The flower has somewhat the appearance of chamomile, and is sometimes called slinking chamomile. MAZADE, ma'ziid', Ciiables de (1820-93). A French ])ublicist, born at Castel-!sarrazin (Tarn-et-Garonne) . He studied law at Tou- louse, and afterwards became a contributor to the French periodicals. After writing for the Prcsse and the Hcvue de Paris, he became one of the editors of the Revue des Deux Mondes, and from 1852 to 1858, and again from 1805 im- til his death directed its department of politics. His publications include: L'Espagne modrrnr (1855); L'ltalie moderne (1800); La Poloi/ne eontemporaine (1863); L'ltalie ct les Italicns (1804) : Lamarline, sa vie litteraire et poliliijue (1872) ; La guerre de France (1875) ; Le comte de Carour (1877) ; and he edited the Correspond- ance d)i ninri'-chal Darout (1887). MAZAGAN, ma'za-gan'. A seaport of ilo- rocco, Africa, situated on the Atlantic coast, about 110 miles north of the citv of Morocco, of which it is the pent (Map: Africa, D 1). It is strongly fortilied. and is the centre of a brisk trade in agricviltural products, fruit, and wool. The trade f(n- 1900 exceeded $3,000,000, and the shipping was over 300.000 tons. The settlen>cnt was founded by the Portuguese in 1509. The population is estimated at -0000, including a number of European merchants and consular agents. MAZAMET, niiVziI'mft'. A town in the De- partment of Tarn. France, situated about 50 miles east -southeast of Toulouse (Map: France, .T 8 ) . It is noted for its extensive manufac- tures of cloth, llanncl, and leather. Population, ill l:'ol. l:!.li7s. MAZANDERAN, ma'a'in-de-ran'. A northern province of Persia, south of the Caspian fSea, bounded resiiectively east, south, and west by Astrabad. Irak-Ajami. ami the Klburz Moun- tains and Gilan (Map: Persia. D 3). It is about 200 miles long by 50 miles broad, with an esti- mated area of 10.000 sipiarc miles. The surface sinks from the elevated wooded range of the southern Elburz to an extensive level along the sea. and is watered by numerous streams. The climate is malarial. The chief minerals are iron ore and petroleum and its by-products. The grounil in many parts is swampy, but fertile, and rice, cotton, suj.'ar-cane. fruit-trees, and the niul- berrv for the silk indii-lrv are largely cultivated. Fisbinc is an important industry, as also is pr.nzin;.'. horses, cattle, sheep and goats, being raiseil in great numbers. There is a con«iiler- able export trade with Russia of silk, caviare, and ajiricultnral products, the imports Iving cotton and woolen goods, cutlery, and tobacco. Population, estimated at 300.000.' Capital. Sari.