Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 13.djvu/226

MAULE. MAULE. A maritime province of Chile, bounded by the Province of Talca on the north, Linares and Nuble on the east, Concepción on the south, and the Pacific on the west (Map:, C 11). Area, 2931 square miles. A large portion of the surface is ocoupied by the Coast Range, which is well wooded and rises to an altitude of nearly 3000 feet. The chief occupations are stock-raising and agriculture. A branch railway line from Parral runs through the province and terminates at the port of Chanco on the coast. Population, in 1895, 119,791. The chief port is Constitucion. The capital is Cauquenes, situated on the railway line and having a population of 8574.  MAULMAIN,, or MOULMEIN. A seaport town, capital of the Amherst district and of the Tenasserim division of Lower Burma, at the junction of the rivers Salwin, Gyaing, and Attaran, on the Gulf of Martaban, an arm of the Bay of Bengal (Map:, C 3). The town lies between the left bank of the river Salwin and a fine range of densely wooded hills which, at a distance of from one to six miles, runs parallel with the river. Maulmain is one of the most beautiful and healthful towns of India; the mean annual temperature is 78°—the highest mean for any month being 83° in April, and the lowest 75° in January. The principal street extends for four miles along the river, and other streets shaded with acacia and jack trees branch off from it toward the hills, on which arc the pretty residences of Europeans and wealthy Burmese and numerous pagodas with gilded spires. The hills command an extensive view of beautiful and varied scenery. Martaban lies on the opposite river bank to the north. Maulmain is divided into five districts under the superintendence of a goung, or native head of police. The native houses, built of bamboo and thatched with palm leaves, are raised on piles 10 or 12 feet from the ground. The principal buildings, besides several pagodas, include a public library, a general hospital, and substantial barracks. There are several educational and charitable institutions, missionary establishments, and churches. Vessels of 10 feet draught reach the wharves and jetties at all states of the tide; at spring tide, when the rise and fall is from 20 to 23 feet, the town is accessible to vessels of the largest tonnage. A considerable export and import trade is carried on, chiefly with Calcutta, Madras, Rangoon, and Penang. The principal exports are timber, rice, cotton, horns, hides, ivory, wax, gums, drugs, lead, and copper; the imports are chiefly cotton and woolen piece goods, hardware, provisions, general merchandise, and—omitting timber, which is obtained from the neighboring teak forests—all the materials required for shipbuilding, which is an important industry. The United States is represented by a consular agent. The town dates from the British occupation of Tenasserim in 1826. The heterogeneous and polyglot population in 1891 numbered 55,785; in 1901, 58,446, consisting besides Burmese, of Hindus, Malays, Europeans, Eurasians, Chinese, Armenians, and Jews.  MAUMEE,. A river formed at Fort Wayne, Ind., by the junction of the Saint Joseph and the Saint Mary's rivers, flowing northeast through the northwestern part of Ohio. Its length is 150 miles, and it empties through Maumee

Bay into Lake Erie at its western extremity (Map:, C 3). The city of Toledo stretches along its banks for four miles from its mouth, and the river is navigable for 12 miles to the Maumee Rapids, above which its course is followed as far as Defiance by the Miami and Erie Canal, connecting Lake Erie with the Ohio River. Maumee Bay is for the most part shallow, but its channel has been deepened, straightened, and marked by lighthouses.  MAUNA KEA, (Hawaiian, white mountain). The highest mountain in Polynesia. It is an extinct volcano occupying the northern and north-central portions of Hawaii, and its height is 13,805 feet (Map:, F 4). During most of the year snow lies on its peaks, which are composed of gravel and reddish scoria. Its sides are covered with forests, where wild cattle range and are hunted for their horns, hides, and tallow.  MAUNA LOA, (Hawaiian, great mountain). The largest volcano in the world (though not the loftiest), occupying much of the central and southern portion of Hawaii (Map:, F 4). It is 13,760 feet in height, and slopes gradually from the sea to the summit near the centre of the island, where the group of craters forms an immense caldron a mile and a half in diameter and 1000 feet deep. It exceeds by far any other volcano in the amount of lava discharged: the last great eruption (1880-81) sent a stream down the eastern slope 50 miles long and in some places 3 miles wide. The crater is in almost continuous activity and large eruptions have been frequent during the past century. On the eastern slope is the large crater of (q.v.).  MAUNDER,, (1785-1849). An English compiler, born in Devonshire. His first literary work was in connection with the Catechisms (1837-49), published by his brother-in-law and partner, William Pinnock, with whom he was associated also in the Literary Gazette of London. Among his numerous compilations are: The Little Lexicon (1825); Treasury of Knowledge (1830); Biographical Treasury (1838); Scientific and Literary Treasury (1841); Treasury of History (1844); Treasury of Natural History (1848); and the Treasury of Geography (1850)—most of which passed through many editions.  MAUNDEVILLE,, Sir. See .  MAUNDRELL,, (1665-1701). An English traveler. He graduated from Exeter College, Oxford, and was curate of Bromley, Kent, from 1689 to 1695. In the latter year he was appointed chaplain to the English factory at Aleppo, Syria. He published in 1703 A Journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem, a valuable work often reprinted, and translated into French, German, and Dutch. <section end="Maundrell, Henry" /> <section begin="Maundy Thursday" />MAUNDY THURSDAY. The Thursday preceding Good Friday, also called Holy Thursday. The origin of the name is in doubt. It is referred to the Latin dies mandati, the day of the mandate: “A new commandment give I unto you, that ye love one another” (Saint John xiii. 34); to the old mande, a hand basket, from which food was distributed to the poor on the day before Good Friday; and to the phrase Accipite<section end="Maundy Thursday" />