Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 13.djvu/100

* MARLOWE. 80 legend in iJuclor I'liiislus (?1589; printed 1604) ; The Jew of Malta, specially noteworthy for its relation to the llcrcliant of Venice (?15S9: printed 1G33) ; his most successful at- tempt at English historical drama, Edward II. CAa^i: printed 1594). The probable sources of Marlowe's important plays may Ix' indi- cated here. In his Tamhurlainc he seems to have relied mainly on Fortescue's translation (1571) of Pedro Mexias's Spanish life of Timur (1543). supplemented by hints from the Vita Magni Tamerlanis of Perondino (1551). Doctor Faust us was based on a story familiar enough in the Middle Ages, and used in a variant form by Calderon in AV .l/o;;iVo Prodi- gioso: its earliest literary form appeared at Frankfort in 1587. and was soon translated into English as The History of the Damnable Life and Deserved Death of Dr. .John Faustus. Tlie source of The .Jew of Malta is unknown, but Symonds conjectures that it was taken from a Spanish novel. For Edward II., like Shake- si>eare. he makes free use of the chronicles of Stowe and Holinshcd. with some slight indebt- edness to Fabyan. Tn other works lie collaborated with Xash. and possibly with Sliakespeare. a share in at least the second and third parts of Henry 17. being plausibly attributed to him. Of his non-ilramalic work the most impor- tant things are his unfinished paraphrase of the Bero and Leander of Musseus, and the famous lyric, "Come live with me and be my love." Con- sult his Works, ed. by Dyee (3 vols., London, 1850) : by Bullcn (3 vols.^ Boston, 1885) ; four plays, ed. by Ellis, with an introduction by Sy- monds. in the "Mermaid Series" (London. 1887) ; also Symonds. fthakespeare's Predecessors (ib., 1884) ;" Ward, History of English Dramatic Lit- erature (2d ed.. ib.. 1899); TvCwis. Christopher Marlowe (ib.. 1891) ; Verity, Marlowe's Influence on Shakespeare (ib., 1886) ; Fischer, Zur Charuc- teristik lUr Itnimen Marlowcs (Jlunich. 1889). MARLOWE, .Til.TA (1870—). .merican actress, born near Keswick. England, .■ugust 17, 1870, her real name being Sarah Frances Frost. She came with her parents to this country when five years old. Her later childhood was passed in Cincinnati, where at the age of twelve she began her <lraniatic experienies in a juvenile opera company. Four years afterwards she be- gan seriously to study for the stage and in 1887 she appeared in New York, but it was in Boston, in December, 1888, that she won. as Parthenia in Ingomar, an assured place as a star. She is an actress of unusual personal charm, and soon be- came a popular favorite in a variety of ri5les, especially as 'inla in Twelfth yight and as Rosa- lind in .l.-t Vol/ Like It. In 1894 she was married to Robert Taber. with whom for a time she played, but they separated, and in 1899 were divorced. Among Aliss Marlowe's successes in modern plays may be mentioned her Highland Mary in For Bonnie Prince Charlie (1897); Barbara Frietchie in Clyde Fitch's play of that name (1899); and Charlotte Puraiid in the dramatization of Cable's Cavalier (1902). Con- sult: McKav and Wingate, Famous .imrrican Actors of ToDay (New York. 1896) ; Strang. Famous .ietresses of the Day in .imeriea (Bos- ton. 1 899). MAR'MADUKE, .Tonx Sappinoton (1833- 87). . . ierican soldier, born near .Arrow Rock, Mo. He studied for two years at Yale MARMION. and for one at Harvard, graduated at West Point in 1857, and saw service in the West, participat- ing in the L'tah expedition. On April 17, 18G1, he entered the Confederate Army as first lieu- tenant, though almost inmiediately promoted to be lieutenant-colonel. In 1862 as colonel of an Arkansas regiment he bore the guiding colors at Shiloh and captured the first prisoners. He was seriously woimded on the second day, and while recovering was recommended for promotion to brigadier-general. During 1SI>3 he was in Missouri and defeated the Federal forces at Taylor's Creek. He commanded tlie cavalry at Price's defense of Little Rock and here fought a duel, killing Gen. L. M. Walker. The next year he was promoted to be major-general and led one of the three columns in General Price's Mis- souri raid, was taken a prisoner of war, and was held until after the close of hostilities. He then engaged in the commission and insurance busi- ness for sever;il years, was editor of several papeis in 1871-74, and was secretary of the Board of Agriculture in 1874. From 1875 to 1880 he was a railroad commissioner. In 1884 he was elected Governor of Missouri and died in ollice. MARMANDE, raar'mii.xd'. The capital of an arrondissement in the Department of Lot-et- Garonne, France, 40 miles southeast of Bordeaux, on the (iaronne River (ilap: France. G 7). Its only interesting feature is the parish church, a thirteenth-century Gothic edifice. Marmande is situated in a region extensively engaged in agri- culture and the cultivation of the vine. Popula- tion, in 1901. 9873. MARMAROS-SZIGET, miir'mo-r.'.sh si'gSt. iir M.vHAMAiios.SzicKT. A town of Xortheastem Hungary, caiiital of the County of Marmaros. It is beautifully situated on theTheiss and at the base of the wooded Carpathians. 225 miles east- northeast of Budapest. It has important salt mines worked from ancient times ami still giving a large output. There are also steam sawmills and trade in lumber. Population, in 1890, 14.- 7.j8: in 1900. 17.445. MARMIER, nmr'mya', Xavier (1809-92). A French autlior. born in Pontarlier. He trav- eled extensively in Switzerland. Holland, and Germany. In 1835 he was attached to the scien- tific voyage of the Recherche to the Arctic Sea, at which time he acquired a knowledge of the Danish, Swedish, and Finnish languages. On his return in 1839 he was made professor of for- eign literature at Rennes, and two years later received a sinecure under the Minister of Pub- lic Instruction. In 1842-49 he was again travel- ing, everywhere studying languages, idioms, and literature. His numerous works include narra- tives of his journeys and translations from the German and Scandinavian, such as Hisloire de la litterature en Danemark et en Hui'de (1839) ; Du Rhin au XH (1846) ; Toi/age piltoresque en Allemagne (18.58-i59): Cimaro.w (1867); and Cnntcs rus.ies (1889). Consult the Life bv Esti- gnanl (1893). MARMIOIT. . metrical romance by Sir Walter Scott (1808). Lord Marmion. a messen- ger from Henry VIII. to .Tames IV. of Scotland, was conducted on part of his journey by a palmer, who proved to be De Wilton, supposed to have been killed by Marmion. The latter is killed in the battle of Flodden Field, after