Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 12.djvu/82

* LEE. 72 time became very popular. In 1775 he bought a farm in Herkpley County, Va. In the same year he was appointotl by C'onf;ress to the second niajor-genoralship in the Continental Army, and became senior major-general, next in rank to Washington, on the resignation of Gen. Arte- mas Ward. In 1776 he was placed in command of the Southern Department, and received most of the credit for the defense of Charleston, though he had opposed and ridiculed .Moultrie's plans. In October he took command of the right wing of tile American army near New York. Disregard- ing Washington's orders, he delayed his retreat into Xew .lersey for two weeks, and then i)ro- ceeded with great deliberation. On December l.'ith, while at Basking Kidge. a few miles from his army at Morristown, he was captured by Brit- ish dragoons, and was taken to Xew York. Here he betrayed the American ])lans to the British, but in May. 1778. his treason not being suspected by Washington, he was exchanged. For his con- duct at the battle of Monmouth (q.v.) he was convicted by court-martial of disobedience, misbehavior before tlie enemy, and disres]iect to the Commander-in-Chief, and was suspended from his eonmiand for a year. Soon afterwards he was wounded in a duel with Colonel .John Lau- rens, one of Washington's aides, and. on address- ing an impudent letter to Congress, was dismissed from the service. He retired to his farm, and in 1782. while on a visit to Philadi'lpliin. he died. Consult : Moore. The Trrasim of Chtirhs Lee (ISo8) ; and a chapter in Fiske. f^smi/s HiMori- cal and Lilerur;/ (New Y'ork, 1902). LEE, Eliza (BfcKMiN.sTER) (1792-1864). An American author, the daughter of Joseph Buckminster. She was born at Portsmouth. N. H., was well educated by her father and brother. Joseph Stevens Buckminster; married a Thomas Lee of Boston : hec.ime a writer, and was im- u.sually felicitous in her descriptions of Xew England life. She wrote: Hkctclirs of a New Einihiiid Milage (18.'?8) : Saomi. or Bostoti Two Iliiiidnd Yidr/i Afio (1848) ; and memoirs of her father anil brother (J84!l). She translated from the (Jerman. wrote a life of Richter (1842). and published an historical novel, Parthrnia, the Last Days of Paganism (1858). LEE, FiTZHUoii (1835—). An American soldier, nephew of Robert K. T^e, and prominent as a Confederate oflieer during the Civil War. He was born in Clermont, Va. : graduated at West Point in 18r>(!; served against the Indians; and from ilay. 1860. until the (Uitbreak of the Civil War was instructor of cavalry at West Point. He resigmed from the I'edcral service early in 18(>l. entered the Confederate Army, and until September of that year was adjutant-general in ({eneral Ewell's brigade. He then served as colonel of a cavalry regiment in nearly all the important operations of the .Army of Xorthern ■Virginia ; was appointed brigadier-general in July. 1862. and major-general in September. ISO.*?; was severely wounded at Winchester. Va., on September 10. 1864; and from March. 1865. until his surrender to General Meade at Farm- ville. was in command of all the cavalry of the .Army of Xiirthern Virginia. Tn 1S74 he delivered a patriotic address at Bunker Hill, which at- tracted cimsidcrable attention: in 1882-8.3 he made a lecturing tour tlimugh the South on be- half of the Southern Historical Society; and from 1886 to 1890 he was Governor of Virginia. LEE. He was appointed collector of internal rcvcmio for the western district of Virginia in 18'J5, and in 1896 was sent to Cuba by President Cleveland as consul-general at llav:ina. In April. IS'.is, when war with Spain appeared inevitable, he wa- recalled, along with all the other .American con- suls, and in .May was appointed major-general of volunteers and placed in connnand of the Seventh Army Corps. In .lanuary. 1899, he became .Mili- tary Governor of Havana, and sulisequently was placed in command of the De])artment of Mis souri. He published Uohrrt E. Lee (1804) in the "Great Connnanders Series." LEE, FK.iNti.s LiGiiTKuoT (1734-97). An .American patriot, and one of the signers of the l)cclarali(Ui of lnde])endcnce. c was born at Stnitford. Westmiirdan 1 County. Va., and was tile fourth son of Thomas Lee. and the brother of Richard Henry Lee and Arthur Lee. He was educated by private tutors, and upon the death of his father he inherited a considerable fortune, and. estal)lishing himself on his large estates on the banks of the Rappahannock, he lived there I lie quiet, easy life of a Viri;inia gentleman. He was a sincere patriot and was willing to risk all in the cause of the Colonies. He served for ten years (1765-751 in the A'irginia House of Burgesses, and in 1775 was elected a member of the Continental Congress, in which he served until 1779, signing the Declaration of Independ- ence in 1776 and taking part in the work of framing the .Articles of Confederation. -After liis retirement from Congress his only participation in public afl'airs was a term in the Senate of his native State. LEE, pREnERiCK Rkh.vri) (1799-1879). .An English painter. He was born in Devonshire and began life as a soldier, but, owing to weak health, was compelled to leave the army. In 1818 he entered the schools of the Royal Academy, where he exhildted for the first time in 1824. He ex- hibited regularly until 1870. became an academi- cian in 1838. and was placed upon the honorary retired list in 1872. Lee was essentially a painli i- of simple English landscape, his favorite subject being Devonshire, He occasionally intrnduccd into his landscapes animals, which were paintcMl by some fellow artist, usually by his friend Thomas Sidney Cooper. The X'ational Gallery contains his "Cover Side" 11839). with animals by Landseer; "Showery ^A'eather" (1874); "iLvening in the Meadows" (1854); "River Scene." with animals by Cooper. He spent tlie last years of his life in travel, and died in Cape Colony, June 5, 1879. LEE, GEK.Ln Stanley (1861 — ). An .Ameri- can lecturer, critic, and author, born at Brockton. Mass. He graduated at Jliildlebury CoHcl'i- ( Middlebury. A'a.) in 1885. at the Yale Divinity School in 1888, and became known as a lecturer on literature and the arts in modern times and a contributor to the Critic and other periodicals. His publications include: About an Old Neiv England Church (1893); The fihadou- Christ (1896). a study of the Hebrew poets; and The Lost Art of Reading (1902). LEE, Harriet (1757-1851). An English author, horn in London. With her sister Sophia she secured a competence by the successf)il man- agement of a private school, and resided in the vicinity of Tintern Abbey, and afterwards at Clif- ton. Here she wrote, among other works, the