Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 12.djvu/731

* MADAGASCAB. 649 MADDEN. and a late account of Roman Catholic Missions is Colin and Sua, lladaytiscnr et la mission cuthoUque (Paris, 1895). For the fauna, con- sult: Pollen and Van Dam, liccherchcs sur le faune de Madagascar (5 vols., Leyden, 18G8) ; for the people, McLeod, Madagascar and Its Peo- ple (London, 1865) ; Oliver, Madagascar, and the Malagasy (London, 1866) ; Carol, Chez ies Hova, au pays rouge (Paris. 1898) ; for Madagascar as a colony, and for the French occupation, Leroy, Les fran^ais ii Madagascar (Paris, 1803) ; Rou- tier, Les droits de France sur Madagascar (Paris, 1895) : Maude, Fire Years in Madagascar (Lon- don, 1895) ; Brunet. La France a Madagascar (Paris, 1895) : Knight. Madagascar in War Time (Xondon. 1896) : Ilanotaux. L'affaire de Mada- gascar (Paris, 18961 ; Olivier, Ce qu'il faut con- naitre de Madagascar (Paris, 1895); Dawson, Madagascar, Its Capabilities and Resources (Lon- don, 1895) ; Burleigh, Two Campaigns: Madagas- car and Ashantee (London, 1896 1; Duchesne, Rapport sur Vexpedition de Madagascar (Paris, 1897 ) : Mager. Xos colonies. La vie a Madagascar (Paris. 1898): Mignard. Etude sur l'etahlis<<e- ment de la domination fran<;aise a Madagascar (Paris, 19001 : Gallieni, La pacification de Mada- gascar (Paris. 1900) : Hellot. La pacification de Madagascar (Paris. 1900). Other works are: Martineau, Madagascar (Paris, 1894); Paisant, Madagascar (Paris. 1896): Sihree. .4 Madagas- car Bibliography (London. 1885) : id.. Madagas- car Before the Conquest (London. 1896) : .John- ston, The Coloni::ation of Africa (Cambridge, 1899); Foucart, Madagascar: Commerce, Colo- nisation (Paris. 1899): Keller. Madagascar, Mauritius and Other East African Islands (Lon- don, inooi. MADAGASCAR (in zoogeography). See M.LAGA.SY Sl'BREGION. MADAGASCAR CAT. A lemur (q.v.). MADAME BOVARY, ni^'dam' bo'va're'. The most notable romance of Gustave Flatibert. It is a realistic picture of the degeneration in character of a woman, the victim O; an imagi- nation excited by the reading of romantic tales to despise the commonplace. The heroine, wearied with the monotony of her husband's character, and seeking the experience of a romantic passion, falls a victim to a vulgarian. Rodolphe.who aban- dons her. Her second lover is a law clerk. Leon, who proves to be a sensual coward and who aban- dons her when she appeals to him for money to pay debts which she has recklessly incurred. In desperation at her inability to discharge these debts she poisons herself. She retains the love of her simple-minded husband to the end. MADAME CHRYSANTHEME, kre'sax- tam'. A romance by Pierre Loti ( 1887 ). which is concerned with the author's alleged experiences in a temporary marriage with a .Japanese girl. MADAME SANS-GENE, s-ix'zhan'. A play by Sardou and Moreau, produced at the Vaude- ville. Paris, in 1S9.3. The personages are Na- poleon I. and the homely characters whom he was uplifting into courtiers. The play owed its success partly to its setting and its brilliant re- production of the times. MAD'AN, Martin (1726-90). An English preacher. His father, a colonel, was a mem- ber of Parliament, and his mother was an aunt of the poet Cowper. From Westminster School he passed to Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated B.A. in 1746. In 1748 he was called to the bar. Impressed by Wesley's preaching, he gave up his piofession; and, with the aid of Lady Huntington, who had turned Methodist, he was admitted to holy orders. He was ap- pointed chaplain to the Lock Hospital in Lon- don, where he became widely known. In 1780 he published Thelyphthora, a book in which it was argued that polygamy is in accord with the Mosaic law and with Christianity rightly un- derstood. The work created a sensation. Madan resigned Lock Hospital and retired to Epsom, where he died May 2, 1790. Besides the famous Thelyphthora, Madan published a score of other books and pamphlets, including several on polyg- amy, translations of .Juvenal and Perseus, and a collection of psalms and hymns. He was author of the hymns "Lo, He Comes," and "Hark, the Herald Angels Sing." MAD ANTHONY. A nickname given to Major-General Anthony Wayne because of his reckless daring in the American Revolution. MAD APPLE. .See Sodom, Apple of. MAD CAVALIER. A name given to Prince Rupert of Bavaria, nephew of Charles I. of Eng- land. MADDALONI. miidda-lO'ne. A city and railway centre in the Province of Caserta, Italy, 14 miles north-northeast of Xaples (Map: Italy, ■J 6). It is situated in a finely irrigated and- fer- tile district. Three ancient castles and the Church of San Michele stand on a height above the city. In the vicinity is the famous Caroline aqueduct which supplies Caserta with water. The principal industries are quarrying and weav- ing. Population (commune), in 1881, 19,270; in 1901, 20,682. MAD'DEN, Sir Frederick (1801-73). An Englisli antiquary, born in Portsmouth. He en- tered the service of the British iluseum in 1826 as a cataloguer; two years later was made assist- ant keeper of the department of manuscripts; and in 1S37 keeper. In 1834 he was gazetted one of the gentlemen of the privy chamber. The fore- most paleographer of his time, he continued to hold his post in the British Museum until 1866, when he retired, devoting the remainder of his life to antiquarian and literary study. He edited the metrical romance of Havelok the Dane (1833) : Layamon's Brut, or Chronicle of Brit- ain (1847) : and Matthew Paris's Bistoria An- glorum (1866-69). MADDEN. Richard Robert (1798-188G). An English traveler and author, born in Dublin. He studied medicine, and in 1855 was appointed a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons. In 1833 he was sent to .Jamaica as one of the spe- cial magistrates to administer the Emancipation Act. Because of difficulties with the planters, he resigned in 1834. and in 1836 was a])pointcd a judge in the Mixed Court at Havana. He was in 1841 a member of the inquiry commission to report on slave-trade conditions on the African West coast. From 1843 to 1846 he was Lisbon correspondent of the London Morning Chronicle, in 1847 was Colonial Secretary of Western Aus- tralia, and from 18.50 to 188 was Secretary of the Loan Fund Board of Dublin Castle. His chief works are: The United Irishmen, Their