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McMASTER. as a fellow in English, he became a civil engineer, lie became known as a writer on engineering sub- jects and in 1877 was appointed an instructor in civil engineering at Princeton. This position he held until 1883, when he was elected professor of American history at the University of Pennsyl- vania. In the same year appeared the first vol- ume of .1 Ilislury of the Peoplr of the United Slates, designed to cover the period from 1783 to the outbreak of the Civil War. Five volumes had been completed by 1000. It is a work show- ing great research, particularly in the periodical literature and the newspapers; is written in a lively narrative style and is justly considered one of the standard histories of the period which it covers. Among his other published works are: Bridge and Tunnel Centres (1870): Hiyh Mason- ry Dams (1870); Benjamin Franklin as a Man of Letters (1887); Origin, Meaning and Applica- tion of the Monroe Doctrine ( 18!t.3'); A Primary School History of the United States (1893); M'ilh the Fathers: Studies in American History (18!)0); A School History of the United States (18117); and Daniel Webster (1902).

MacMIL'XAN", Conway (1807—). An American botanist, born at Hillsdale, Mich. He was a graduate of the I'nivi'rsity of Nebraska, and afterwards studied at Harvard and at Johns Hopkins. In 1891 he was appointed professor of botany at the University of Minnesota, and he was also appointed State botanist. His works include: Twenty-two Common. Insects of Ne- iraska (1888); and The Metaspermw of the Min- nesota Valtcy (1892).

MACMILLAN", Daniel (1813-57). The founder of the well-known publishing house, born at Upper Corrie, in the island of Arran, Scot- land, September 13, 1813. His father. Duncan ^lacmillan, a poor farmer, moved to Irvine with his ten children in 1815, where Daniel attended the common school. After serving as apprentice to (wo booksellers at Irvine and Edinburgh, Mac- millan went to London (1833). Liking neither "the London Sunday" nor the terms offered him by Messrs. Simpkin and Marsliall, he went to Cambridge, where he found employment with a bookseller named .Tohnson. In 1837 he returned to London, where, after holding a position for si. years with Seeley, of Fleet Street, lie opened a shop of his own in Aldergate Street (1843). Toward the end of the same year he bought out Newby's business in Cambridge. In March, 1844, was issued the first Camliridge catalogue of Maemillan & Co. The 'Co.' was represented by Daniel's brother, Alexander, who had charge of ilie London business, given up later in the year. To bookselling was added puldishing. at first on a small scale. The first great successes were Kingsley's Westward Ho (1855) and Tom Broiim's School Days (1857). After the sudden death of Daniel Maemillan on .June 27. 1857. the l)usiness was carried on by his brother, Alex- ANDEB Macmillan (1815-90), a publisher of great enterprise and skill. In 1858 he trans- ferred the business to London, and, as trade ex- panded, he opened a branch house in New York. Among his notable literary undertakings were the Colden Treasury series (1801 seq.) and the Glolio editions (1804 et seq.). In 1859 the com- pany began the issue of Macmillan's Magazine. the first shilling magazine. — Frederick Orridge

ilACMiLLAN (born October 5, 1851), a son of Daniel, subsequently liecame director of Mac- millan & Co., Limited, London, and of Mai millan & Co., New York. — George A. Macmillan (born August 1, 1855), son of Alexander, entered the firm in 1879. Consult: Hughes, Memoir of Daniel Macmillan (London, 1882); and Biblio- graphical Catalogue of Macmillan and Company's I'ublications ( ib., 1891 etseq.).

MacMILLAN", Hugh (1833-). A Scotch clergyman and author. He was educated at Edinburgh University and was minister of the Free Church in Kirkmicliacl. Pertlishire, in 1859- 64. He then was transferred to the Free Saint Peter's Church in Glasgow, and in 1878 to the Free West Church, Greenock. He was Gunning lecturer at Edinburgh in 1897. His books, many of which have been translated into European languages, include: Bible Teachings in 'Nature (1860, 24th ed. I88G); The True Vine (1871); The Sabbath of the Fields (1870); The Uiviera (1885); Roman Mosaics (1888); The Spring of the Day (1898); and Gleanings in Holy Fields ( 1899").

McMillan, James (1838-1902). An Ameri- can capitalist and politician, born at Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Having removed to Detroit in 1855. he was there for a time ]iurohasing agent of the Detroit and Milwaukee Railway Company, and in 1804 assisted in the organization of the Michigan Car Company. From this were devel- oped a car-wheel, an iron furnace, and a steam forge company, of all of which he became presi- dent. In 1889 he was elected to the United States Senate, where he retained his seat until his death. His benevolences, particularly in D.> troit, were noteworthy. To the University of Michigan he presented one of the most important Shakespeare libraries in the United States.

MACMILLAN, John (1070-1753). Fdumhr of the Keformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland. He was born at Barncachla, Kirkcudl)right-shire, studied at Edinburgh, was licensed to preach in 1700. and became minister of Balmaghie the following year. His views were those of the 'remnant' of Cameronians, and. in conse- quence, his relations with the prcsliytery were not harmonious. He was deposed in 1703. but continued popular with his people and remained as minister, in spite of attempts to supplant him, till 1715, when he voluntarily withdrew. In 1700 he formally joined the Cameronians and gave the re.st of his life to organizing and strengthening the sect. His followers were sometimes called Macmillanites. See Camer- onians; Cameron, EiciiARn; Presuyterianism.

McMINNVILLE, mak-mln'vil. A city and the county-seat of Yamhill County. Ore.. 50 miles southwest of Portland; on the Yamhill River, and on the Southern Pacific Railroad (Map: Oregon, B 4). McMinnville College (Baptist) was established here in 1858. The city carries on a flourishing trade in wheat, fruit, hops, live stock, wool and lumber, and has some manufac- tures. The water-works and electric light plant are owned by the municipalitv. Population, in 1890, 1308; in 1900, 1420.

McMINNVILLE. A town and the county- seat of Warren County. Tenn.. 75 miles southeast of Nashville; on the Nashville. Chattanooga and Saint Louis Railroad (Map: Tennessee, F 5). It has the Cumberland University Training School. The town is surrounded by a fine agricultural